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Qt利用QNetwork实现上传数据的示例代码

作者：欧特克_Glodon

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Qt如何利用QNetwork实现上传数据的 功能，文中的示例代码讲解详细，感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起学习一下

1、利用Qt提供的类实现向服务器发送post和get请求

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QNetworkAccessManager>
#include <QNetworkRequest>
#include <QNetworkReply>

#include <QJsonArray>
#include <QJsonDocument>
#include <QJsonObject>
#include <QJsonParseError>
#include <QJsonValue>
#include <QString>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>
#include <QDateTime>
#include <QDir>
#include <QThread>

#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

void sendPostRequest()
{
    QNetworkAccessManager *m_pHttpMgr = new QNetworkAccessManager();
    //设置url
    QString url = "http://localhost:80/post";
    //设置头信息
    QNetworkRequest requestInfo;
    requestInfo.setUrl(QUrl(url));
    requestInfo.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader,QVariant("application/json"));
    //requestInfo.setRawHeader("Content-Type","application/json");//服务器要求的数据头部
    //requestInfo.setRawHeader("Accept","text/json,*/*;q=0.5");//服务器要求的数据头部

    //发送数据
    QJsonObject regionObject;
    regionObject.insert("name","333");
    regionObject.insert("height", "2");
    regionObject.insert("dir", "0");

    QJsonArray pointAry;
    pointAry.append(0.8);
    pointAry.append(1.0);
    pointAry.append(0.0);

    pointAry.append(1.8);
    pointAry.append(2.0);
    pointAry.append(0.0);

    regionObject.insert("points", QJsonValue(pointAry));

    QJsonObject jsonObject;
    jsonObject.insert("Code", "asss");
    jsonObject.insert("parentId", 0);
    jsonObject.insert("depot", "past");
    jsonObject.insert("region", QJsonValue(regionObject));

    QJsonDocument jsonDoc;
    jsonDoc.setObject(jsonObject);

    QByteArray qByteHttpData = jsonDoc.toJson();
    QNetworkReply *reply =  m_pHttpMgr->post(requestInfo, qByteHttpData);

    //添加事件循环机制，返回后再运行后面的
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()), &eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));
    eventLoop.exec();       //block until finish

    //错误处理
    if (reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)
    {
        qDebug()<<"request protobufHttp handle errors here";
        QVariant statusCodeV = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
        //statusCodeV是HTTP服务器的相应码，reply->error()是Qt定义的错误码，可以参考QT的文档
        qDebug( "request protobufHttp found error ....code: %d %d\n", statusCodeV.toInt(), (int)reply->error());
        qDebug(qPrintable(reply->errorString()));
    }

    //请求收到的结果
    QByteArray responseByte = reply->readAll();
    QString strRes = responseByte;
    qDebug() << "Post:" << strRes;
}

void sendGetRequest()
{
    QNetworkAccessManager *m_pHttpMgr = new QNetworkAccessManager();

    //设置url
    QString url = "http://localhost:80/Get;
    QNetworkRequest requestInfo;
    requestInfo.setUrl(QUrl(url));

    //添加事件循环机制，返回后再运行后面的
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    QNetworkReply *reply =  m_pHttpMgr->get(requestInfo);
    QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()), &eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));
    eventLoop.exec();       //block until finish

    //错误处理
    if (reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)
    {
        qDebug()<<"request protobufHttp handle errors here";
        QVariant statusCodeV = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
        //statusCodeV是HTTP服务器的相应码，reply->error()是Qt定义的错误码，可以参考QT的文档
        qDebug( "request protobufHttp found error ....code: %d %d\n", statusCodeV.toInt(), (int)reply->error());
        qDebug(qPrintable(reply->errorString()));
    }

    //请求返回的结果
    QByteArray responseByte = reply->readAll();

    QString strRes = responseByte;
    qDebug() << "Get:" << strRes;

    QFile file(QDir::currentPath() + "/myResponde.json");

    if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
    {
        qDebug() << "File open error";
    }

    file.write(responseByte);
    file.close();
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);

    sendPostRequest();

    //sendGetRequest();

    return a.exec();
}

2、实现文件上传

QT       += core gui
QT       += network
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++11

Qnetworkutils.h 头文件

#ifndef QNETWORKUTILS_H
#define QNETWORKUTILS_H

#include <iostream>
#include <QString>
#include <QNetworkRequest>
using namespace std;

namespace QNetWorkUtils
{
    // http请求数据
    struct HttpRequestData
    {
        HttpRequestData()
        {
            strServer = "127.0.0.1";
            nPort = 8082;
            strUrl = "";
        }

        // 重置数据
        void Reset()
        {
            strServer = "127.0.0.1";
            nPort = 8082;
            strUrl = "";
            bytePostData.clear();
            mapHeaders.clear();
        }

        QString strServer;
        int nPort;
        QString strUrl;
        QByteArray bytePostData;
        std::map<QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders, QVariant> mapHeaders;
    };

    class CMultiPartItem
    {
    public:
        CMultiPartItem();

        // 该part为一个字符串，可以指定ContentType和ExContentDisposition
        CMultiPartItem(const QString& strName, const QString& strValue,
            const QString& strContentType = "",
            const QString& strExContentDisposition = "");

        // 该part为一个二进制块，可以指定ContentType（如“image/png”，可省略）和ExContentDisposition（如“filename="123.png"”，必须）
        CMultiPartItem(const QString& strName, void* pData, int nLen,
            const QString& strContentType = "",
            const QString& strExContentDisposition = "");

        QString m_sName;
        QString m_sValue;
        void* m_pData;
        int m_nDataLen;
        QString m_sContentType;
        QString m_sExContentDisposition;
    };
    typedef std::vector<CMultiPartItem> CMultiPartDatas;

    //************************************
    // 方法:   发送Get请求
    // 返回值: bool
    // 参数:   const HttpRequestData & data   请求数据
    // 参数:   QByteArray & respData          返回响应数据
    // 参数:   int nTimeoutmsec               请求超时毫秒
    //************************************
    bool HttpGet(
        const HttpRequestData& data,
        QByteArray& respData,
        int nTimeoutmsec = 30000,
        QString errMsg = QString(),
        int* pStatuCode = nullptr);

    //************************************
    // 方法:   发送Post请求
    // 返回值: bool
    // 参数:   const HttpRequestData & data   请求数据
    // 参数:   QByteArray & respData          返回响应数据
    // 参数:   int nTimeoutmsec               请求超时毫秒
    //************************************
    bool HttpPost(const HttpRequestData& data,
                  QByteArray& respData,
                  QString& errMsg,
                  int nTimeoutmsec = 30000);

    //************************************
    // 方法:   Multipart 数据post上传
    // 返回值: bool
    // 参数:   const QString& strURL                  请求URL
    // 参数:   const CMultiPartDatas& multiPartDatas  多部数据集合
    // 参数:   QByteArray & respData                  返回响应数据
    // 参数:   int nTimeoutmsec
    bool UploadMultipartData(
        const QString& strURL,
        const CMultiPartDatas& multiPartDatas,
        QByteArray& respData,
        QString& errMsg,
        int nTimeoutmsec = 30000);

    bool UploadMultipartData(
        const HttpRequestData& data,
        const CMultiPartDatas& multiPartDatas,
        QByteArray& respData,
        QString& errMsg,
        int nTimeoutmsec = 30000);
}

#endif // QNETWORKUTILS_H

Qnetworkutils.cpp  源文件 

#include "networkutils.h"
#include <QNetworkRequest>
#include <QNetworkAccessManager>
#include <QNetworkReply>
#include <QHttpMultiPart>
#include <QEventLoop>
#include <QTimer>

namespace QNetWorkUtils
{
    CMultiPartItem::CMultiPartItem() :
        m_pData(nullptr),
        m_nDataLen(0)
    {
    }

    CMultiPartItem::CMultiPartItem(const QString& strName, const QString& strValue,
        const QString& strContentType /*= ""*/, const QString& strExContentDisposition /*= ""*/)
    {
        m_pData = nullptr;
        m_nDataLen = 0;
        m_sName = strName;
        m_sValue = strValue;
        m_sContentType = strContentType;
        m_sExContentDisposition = strExContentDisposition;
    }

    CMultiPartItem::CMultiPartItem(const QString& strName, void* pData, int nLen,
        const QString& strContentType /*= ""*/, const QString& strExContentDisposition /*= ""*/)
    {
        m_pData = pData;
        m_nDataLen = nLen;
        m_sName = strName;
        m_sContentType = strContentType;
        m_sExContentDisposition = strExContentDisposition;
    }

    //
    bool HttpGet(
        const HttpRequestData& data,
        QByteArray& respData,
        int nTimeoutmsec /*= 30000*/,
        QString& errMsg,
        int* pStatuCode /*= nullptr*/)
    {
        // Assemble Url
        QString strUrl = data.strUrl;
        if (!data.strServer.isEmpty())
            strUrl = data.strServer + ":" + QString::number(data.nPort) + "/" + data.strUrl;

        const QUrl url = QUrl::fromUserInput(strUrl);

        // Send Get Requeset
        QNetworkRequest request(url);
        for (auto iter = data.mapHeaders.begin(); iter != data.mapHeaders.end(); iter++)
        {
            request.setHeader(iter->first, iter->second);
        }

        QNetworkAccessManager qNetAccessManager;
        QNetworkReply* reply = qNetAccessManager.get(request);
        if (reply == nullptr)
            return false;

        // Set time out
        QTimer timer;
        timer.setInterval(nTimeoutmsec);    // 设置超时时间 30 秒
        timer.setSingleShot(true);          // 单次触发

        // Set Loop Event
        QEventLoop eventLoop;
        QObject::connect(&timer, &QTimer::timeout, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        QObject::connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        timer.start();
        int eRes = eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

        bool bResult = false;
        if (timer.isActive())
        {
            timer.stop();
            QNetworkReply::NetworkError replyError = reply->error();
            QVariant variant = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
            int nStatusCode = variant.toInt();
            if (nullptr != pStatuCode)
            {
                *pStatuCode = nStatusCode;
            }

            if (replyError != QNetworkReply::NoError)
            {
                errMsg = reply->errorString();
                qDebug() << "Error String : " << errMsg << "\n";
            }
            else
            {
                if (nStatusCode == 200)
                {
                    // Accept Response
                    respData = reply->readAll();
                    bResult = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    bResult = false;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            QObject::disconnect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
            reply->abort();
            qDebug() << strUrl << ":Timeout\n";
        }

        reply->deleteLater();
        reply = nullptr;

        return bResult;
    }

    bool HttpPost(const HttpRequestData &data, QByteArray &respData, QString &errMsg, int nTimeoutmsec)
    {
        // Assemble Url
        QString strUrl = data.strUrl;
        if (!data.strServer.isEmpty())
            strUrl = data.strServer + ":" + QString::number(data.nPort) + "/" + data.strUrl;

        const QUrl url = QUrl::fromUserInput(strUrl);

        // Send Post Requeset
        QNetworkRequest request(url);
        for (auto iter = data.mapHeaders.begin(); iter != data.mapHeaders.end(); iter++)
        {
            request.setHeader(iter->first, iter->second);
        }

        QNetworkAccessManager qNetAccessManager;
        QNetworkReply* reply = qNetAccessManager.post(request, data.bytePostData);
        if (reply == nullptr)
            return false;

        // Set time out
        QTimer timer;
        timer.setInterval(nTimeoutmsec);    // 设置超时时间 30 秒
        timer.setSingleShot(true);          // 单次触发

        // Set Loop Event
        QEventLoop eventLoop;
        QObject::connect(&timer, &QTimer::timeout, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        QObject::connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        timer.start();
        eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

        bool bResult = false;
        if (timer.isActive())
        {
            timer.stop();
            QNetworkReply::NetworkError replyError = reply->error();
            if (replyError != QNetworkReply::NoError)
            {
                errMsg = reply->errorString();
                qDebug() << "Error String : " << reply->errorString() << "\n";
            }
            else
            {
                QVariant variant = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
                int nStatusCode = variant.toInt();
                if (nStatusCode == 200)
                {
                    // Accept Response
                    respData = reply->readAll();
                    bResult = true;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            QObject::disconnect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
            reply->abort();
            errMsg = (strUrl + ":Timeout\n");
            qDebug() << strUrl << ":Timeout\n";
        }

        reply->deleteLater();
        reply = nullptr;

        return bResult;
    }


    bool UploadMultipartData(const HttpRequestData &data, const CMultiPartDatas &multiPartDatas, QByteArray &respData, QString &errMsg, int nTimeoutmsec)
    {
        QString strUrl = data.strUrl;
        if (!data.strServer.isEmpty())
            strUrl = data.strServer + ":" + QString::number(data.nPort) + "/" + data.strUrl;

        const QUrl url = QUrl::fromUserInput(strUrl);

        // 创建网络请求
        QNetworkRequest request;
        request.setUrl(url);

        QHttpMultiPart httpMultiPart(QHttpMultiPart::FormDataType);
        // 解决Qt自动解析MultiPart得到boundary=带双引号问题

        for (auto iter = data.mapHeaders.begin(); iter != data.mapHeaders.end(); iter++)
        {
            request.setHeader(iter->first, iter->second);
        }

        request.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + httpMultiPart.boundary());
        FOR_EACH(itemPart, multiPartDatas)
        {
            QHttpPart httpPart;
            {
                QString strContentDisposition = QString("form-data; name=\"%1\"%2").arg(itemPart.m_sName)
                    .arg(itemPart.m_sExContentDisposition.isEmpty() ? "" : "; " + itemPart.m_sExContentDisposition);
                httpPart.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader, strContentDisposition.toUtf8());

                if (itemPart.m_sContentType.isEmpty() == false)
                {
                    httpPart.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, itemPart.m_sContentType.toUtf8());
                }

                if (itemPart.m_pData)
                {
                    httpPart.setBody(QByteArray((const char*)itemPart.m_pData, itemPart.m_nDataLen));
                }
                else
                {
                    httpPart.setBody(itemPart.m_sValue.toUtf8());
                }
            }

            httpMultiPart.append(httpPart);
        }

        QNetworkAccessManager qNetAccessManager;
        QNetworkReply* reply = qNetAccessManager.post(request, &httpMultiPart);
        if (reply == nullptr)
        {
            errMsg = QObject::tr("发送失败");
            return false;
        }

        QList<QByteArray> headers = reply->rawHeaderList();

        // Set time out
        QTimer timer;
        timer.setInterval(nTimeoutmsec);    // 设置超时时间 30 秒
        timer.setSingleShot(true);          // 单次触发

        // Set Loop Event
        QEventLoop eventLoop;
        QObject::connect(&timer, &QTimer::timeout, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        QObject::connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        timer.start();
        eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

        bool bResult = false;
        if (timer.isActive())
        {
            timer.stop();
            QNetworkReply::NetworkError replyError = reply->error();
            if (replyError != QNetworkReply::NoError)
            {
                errMsg = reply->errorString();
                qDebug() << "Error String : " << reply->errorString() << "\n";
            }
            else
            {
                QVariant variant = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
                int nStatusCode = variant.toInt();
                if (nStatusCode == 200)
                {
                    // Accept Response
                    respData = reply->readAll();
                    bResult = true;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            QObject::disconnect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
            reply->abort();
            qDebug() << data.strUrl << ":Timeout\n";
        }

        reply->deleteLater();
        reply = nullptr;

        return bResult;
    }

    bool UploadMultipartData(const QString &strURL, const CMultiPartDatas &multiPartDatas, QByteArray &respData, QString &errMsg, int nTimeoutmsec)
    {
        // 创建网络请求
        QNetworkRequest request;
        request.setUrl(QUrl::fromUserInput(strURL));

        QHttpMultiPart httpMultiPart(QHttpMultiPart::FormDataType);
        // 解决Qt自动解析MultiPart得到boundary=带双引号问题
        request.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + httpMultiPart.boundary());
        foreach (itemPart, multiPartDatas)
        {
            QHttpPart httpPart;
            {
                QString strContentDisposition = QString("form-data; name=\"%1\"%2").arg(itemPart.m_sName)
                    .arg(itemPart.m_sExContentDisposition.isEmpty() ? "" : "; " + itemPart.m_sExContentDisposition);
                httpPart.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader, strContentDisposition.toUtf8());

                if (itemPart.m_sContentType.isEmpty() == false)
                {
                    httpPart.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, itemPart.m_sContentType.toUtf8());
                }

                if (itemPart.m_pData)
                {
                    httpPart.setBody(QByteArray((const char*)itemPart.m_pData, itemPart.m_nDataLen));
                }
                else
                {
                    httpPart.setBody(itemPart.m_sValue.toUtf8());
                }
            }

            httpMultiPart.append(httpPart);
        }

        QNetworkAccessManager qNetAccessManager;
        QNetworkReply* reply = qNetAccessManager.post(request, &httpMultiPart);
        if (reply == nullptr)
        {
            errMsg = QObject::tr("发送失败");
            return false;
        }


        QList<QByteArray> headers = reply->rawHeaderList();

        // Set time out
        QTimer timer;
        timer.setInterval(nTimeoutmsec);    // 设置超时时间 30 秒
        timer.setSingleShot(true);          // 单次触发

        // Set Loop Event
        QEventLoop eventLoop;
        QObject::connect(&timer, &QTimer::timeout, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        QObject::connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
        timer.start();
        eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

        bool bResult = false;
        if (timer.isActive())
        {
            timer.stop();
            QNetworkReply::NetworkError replyError = reply->error();
            if (replyError != QNetworkReply::NoError)
            {
                errMsg = reply->errorString();
                qDebug() << "Error String : " << reply->errorString() << "\n";
            }
            else
            {
                QVariant variant = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
                int nStatusCode = variant.toInt();
                if (nStatusCode == 200)
                {
                    // Accept Response
                    respData = reply->readAll();
                    bResult = true;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            QObject::disconnect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, &eventLoop, &QEventLoop::quit);
            reply->abort();
            qDebug() << strURL << ":Timeout\n";
        }

        reply->deleteLater();
        reply = nullptr;

        return bResult;
    }
}

到此这篇关于Qt利用QNetwork实现上传数据的示例代码的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Qt QNetwork上传数据内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！

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