详解如何使用ReactiveObjC
作者:为童沉沦
概述
RAC架构框架图
信号流程
基本使用
1、基本控件
UITextField
//监听文本输入 [[_textField rac_textSignal] subscribeNext:^(NSString * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"%@",x); }]; //可根据自己想要监听的事件选择 [[_textField rac_signalForControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingChanged] subscribeNext:^(__kindof UIControl * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"%@",x); }]; //添加条件 -- 下面表示输入文字长度 > 10 时才会调用subscribeNext [[_textField.rac_textSignal filter:^BOOL(NSString * _Nullable value) { return value.length > 10; }] subscribeNext:^(NSString * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"输入框内容:%@", x); }];
UIButton
//监听按钮点击事件 [[_btn rac_signalForControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside] subscribeNext:^(__kindof UIControl * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }];
计时器(interval、delay)
//类似timer @weakify(self) self.disposable = [[RACSignal interval:2 onScheduler:[RACScheduler mainThreadScheduler]] subscribeNext:^(NSDate * _Nullable x) { @strongify(self) NSLog(@"时间:%@", x); // x 是当前的时间 //关闭计时器 [self.disposable dispose]; }]; //延时 [[[RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable *(id<RACSubscriber> subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:@"延时2秒"]; return nil;<br>}] delay:2] subscribeNext:^(id x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }];
2、监听属性变化
//监听self的name属性 [RACObserve(self, name) subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"属性的改变-->%@",x); }]; [[self rac_valuesForKeyPath:@"name" observer:self] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"属性的改变-->%@", x); }]; //此处RAC宏相当于让_label订阅了_textField的文本变化信号 //赋值给label的text属性 RAC(_label, text) = _textField.rac_textSignal;
3、遍历数组和字典
//遍历数组 NSArray *array = @[@"1", @"2", @"3", @"4", @"5"]; [array.rac_sequence.signal subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"内容-->%@", x)<br>}];
4、监听 Notification 通知事件
[[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] rac_addObserverForName:@"notification" object:nil] subscribeNext:^(NSNotification * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@", x); }];
5、代替Delegate代理
//监听按钮点击方法的信号 //当执行完btnClickAction后会执行此订阅 [[self rac_signalForSelector:@selector(btnClickAction:)] subscribeNext:^(RACTuple * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@", x); }]; -(void) btnClickAction:(UIButton *)btn { NSLog(@"按钮点击"); }
二、RAC常用类
RACSignal
RACSignal *signal = [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:@"🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^{ NSLog(@"销毁了🍺🍺🍺"); }]; }]; [signal subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"%@",x); }];
RACSubject(可发送信号也可以订阅信号)
RACTuple(元组)-- 其内部就是封装了数组,用起来跟数组差不多
//通过定值创建RACTuple RACTuple *tuple = [RACTuple tupleWithObjects:@"1", @"2", @"3", nil]; //利用 RAC 宏快速封装 RACTuple *tuple2 = RACTuplePack(@"1", @"2", @"3"); //从别的数组中获取内容 RACTuple *tuple3 = [RACTuple tupleWithObjectsFromArray:@[@"1", @"2", @"3"]]; NSLog(@"元组-->%@", tuple3[0]); NSLog(@"第一个元素-->%@", [tuple3 first]); NSLog(@"最后一个元素-->%@", [tuple3 last]);
RACMulticastConnection -- 用于当一个信号,被多次订阅时,为了保证创建信号时,避免多次调用创建信号中的block
RACSignal *signal1 = [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:@"signal1-->🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^{ NSLog(@"signal1销毁了"); }]; }]; RACMulticastConnection *connection = [signal1 publish]; [connection.signal subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"subscribeNext-->1"); }]; [connection.signal subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"subscribeNext-->2"); }]; [connection.signal subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"subscribeNext-->3"); }]; [connection connect];
RACCommand -- 可以监听信号的状态等
NSString *input = @"执行"; RACCommand *command = [[RACCommand alloc] initWithSignalBlock:^RACSignal * _Nonnull(id _Nullable input) { NSLog(@"input-->%@",input); return [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:@"🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subscriber sendError:[NSError errorWithDomain:@"error" code:-1 userInfo:nil]]; // [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^{ NSLog(@"signal销毁了"); }]; }]; }]; [command.executionSignals subscribeNext:^(RACSignal * _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"executionSignals-->%@",x); [x subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"executionSignals-->subscribeNext-->%@",x); }]; }]; [[command.executionSignals switchToLatest] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"switchToLatest-->%@",x); }]; [command.executing subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"executing-->%@",x); }]; [command.errors subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"errors-->%@",x); }]; //开始执行 [command execute:input];
三、高级函数使用
1、连接信号、合并信号等
首先创建两个信号signal1和signal2来演示
RACSignal *signal1 = [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:@"signal1-->🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^{ NSLog(@"signal1销毁了"); }]; }]; RACSignal *signal2 = [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:@"signal2-->🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^{ NSLog(@"signal2销毁了"); }]; }];
1.1、 concat -- 当多个信号发出的时候,有顺序的接收信号
一个信号signal3去监听signal1和signal2,必须是接收signal1完后才会接收signal2
RACSignal *signal3 = [signal1 concat:signal2]; [signal3 subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"signal3-->%@",x); }];
1.2、 combineLatestWith -- 将多个信号合并起来,并且拿到各个信号的最新的值,必须每个合并的signal至少都有过一次sendNext,才会触发合并的信号(订阅者每次接收的参数都是所有信号的最新值),不论触发哪个信号都会触发合并的信号
一个信号signal3去监听signal1和signal2,每次回调两个信号的最新值
RACSignal *signal3 = [signal1 combineLatestWith:signal2]; [signal3 subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"%@",x); }];
PS:注释signal1的sendNext方法,直接销毁了,所以每个singal必须有sendNext方法
1.3、 then -- 用于连接两个信号,等待第一个信号完成,才会连接then返回的信号
RACSignal *signal3 = [signal1 then:^RACSignal * _Nonnull{ return signal2; }]; [signal3 subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"signal3-->%@",x); }];
1.4、 merge -- 把多个信号合并为一个信号来监听,任何一个信号有新值的时候就会调用
一个信号signal3去监听signal1和signal2,每次回调一个信号
RACSignal *signal3 = [signal1 merge:signal2]; [signal3 subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"signal3-->%@",x); }];
1.5、 zipWith -- 把两个信号压缩成一个信号,只有当两个信号都发出信号内容时,才会触发
一个信号signal3去监听signal1和signal2,但必须两个信号都有发出(不需要同时,例如signal1信号发出了,signal2信号等了10秒之后发出,那么signal3的订阅回调是等signal2信号发出的那一刻触发)
RACSignal *signal3 = [signal1 zipWith:signal2]; [signal3 subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"signal3-->%@",x); }];
1.6、 reduce 聚合 -- 把多个信号的值按照自定义的组合返回
RACSignal *signal3 = [RACSignal combineLatest:@[signal1,signal2] reduce:^id(NSString *s1 ,NSString *s2){ return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@",s1,s2]; }]; [signal3 subscribeNext:^(id x) { NSLog(@"%@",x); }];
2、flattenMap & map 映射
flattenMap 的底层实现是通过bind实现的
map 的底层实现是通过 flattenMap 实现的
//map事例 [[_textField.rac_textSignal map:^id _Nullable(NSString * _Nullable value) { return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺",value]; }] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }] ; //flattenMap事例 [[_textField.rac_textSignal flattenMap:^__kindof RACSignal * _Nullable(NSString * _Nullable value) { return [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺",value]]; [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^(){}]; }]; }] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }] ;
3、filter -- 过滤、ignore -- 忽略、distinctUntilChanged -- 忽略相同
filter、ignore
//map事例 [[_textField.rac_textSignal map:^id _Nullable(NSString * _Nullable value) { return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺",value]; }] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }] ; //flattenMap事例 [[_textField.rac_textSignal flattenMap:^__kindof RACSignal * _Nullable(NSString * _Nullable value) { return [RACSignal createSignal:^RACDisposable * _Nullable(id<RACSubscriber> _Nonnull subscriber) { [subscriber sendNext:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺",value]]; [subscriber sendCompleted]; return [RACDisposable disposableWithBlock:^(){}]; }]; }] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }] ;
distinctUntilChanged
RACSubject *subject = [RACSubject subject]; [[subject distinctUntilChanged] subscribeNext:^(id _Nullable x) { NSLog(@"-->%@",x); }]; [subject sendNext:@"123"]; [subject sendNext:@"123"]; [subject sendNext:@"123"]; [subject sendNext:@"🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subject sendNext:@"🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺"]; [subject sendCompleted];
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