find命令的结果顺序是什么
作者：baiyu33
这篇文章主要介绍了find命令的结果顺序是什么,本文给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下
1. 目的
在研读 doxygen 源码时， 在不同电脑、不同操作系统上使用了 find 命令， 发现对于相同的 doxygen 源码目录、相同的 find 命令参数， 得到了不同顺序的结果。尝试了解下 find 命令的参数， 希望得到统一一致的结果， 对不同结果的原因稍作分析。
简单的结论: find . -maxdepth 1 -type d 这样的命令后， 接入管道和 sort -V 得到自然排序结果:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d | sort -V
2. 准备： 克隆 doxygen 源码
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/doxygen git checkout 79a9efb
* 79a9efb 2023-05-18 | Merge pull request #10052 from albert-github/feature/bug_regr_ca65fd0bbb717a3f65e64bfcebe36a5debba66fa (grafted, HEAD -> master, origin/master, origin/HEAD) [Dimitri van Heesch]
我们希望用 find 命令， 打印出 doxygen 目录下的第一级子目录。
3. ubuntu22.04 结果
(base) zz@localhost-43% cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS \n \l
(base) zz@localhost% find --version find (GNU findutils) 4.8.0 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Written by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley. 开启的特性: D_TYPE O_NOFOLLOW(enabled) LEAF_OPTIMISATION FTS(FTS_CWDFD) CBO(level=2)
(base) zz@localhost% find . -maxdepth 1 -type d . ./.git ./templates ./libxml ./deps ./libversion ./.github ./examples ./testing ./doc_internal ./addon ./winbuild ./doc ./src ./cmake ./vhdlparser
4. ubuntu16.04 结果
(base) zz@localhost-04% cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS \n \l
(base) zz@localhost-04% find --version find (GNU findutils) 4.7.0-git Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Written by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley. Features enabled: D_TYPE O_NOFOLLOW(enabled) LEAF_OPTIMISATION FTS(FTS_CWDFD) CBO(level=2)
(base) zz@localhost-04% find . -maxdepth 1 -type d . ./.github ./src ./doc ./addon ./doc_internal ./libxml ./testing ./deps ./.git ./examples ./libversion ./templates ./cmake ./winbuild ./vhdlparser
5. git bash 结果
$ find --version find (GNU findutils) 4.9.0 Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Written by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley. Features enabled: D_TYPE O_NOFOLLOW(enabled) LEAF_OPTIMISATION FTS(FTS_CWDFD) CBO(level=2)
$ find . -maxdepth 1 -type d . ./.git ./.github ./addon ./cmake ./deps ./doc ./doc_internal ./examples ./libversion ./libxml ./src ./templates ./testing ./vhdlparser ./winbuild
6. 三路比较
7. 保持一样的结果： 用自然排序
传入 | sort -V 参数即可:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d | sort -V
(base) zz@localhost% find . -maxdepth 1 -type d | sort -V . ./.git ./.github ./addon ./cmake ./deps ./doc ./doc_internal ./examples ./libversion ./libxml ./src ./templates ./testing ./vhdlparser ./winbuild
8. References
https://www.baeldung.com/linux/find-default-sorting-order
关于find命令查找的排序规则探索以及排序方法
1、linux中find命令的排序规则
find命令的搜寻条件直接关系到输出结果，默认应该是按从左到右的的顺序判断，如果有逻辑运算（-not、-and、-or）还得再判断条件组合。
find查询的结果是找到一个匹配的项就立即输出结果，一边查找一边输出，查找到的内容不是一次性输出的，所以可能没有统一排序。
但是具体排序规则需要分析find命令的底层实现了。
2、linux shell编程中文件查找并排序的方法
方法一：
find dir -name "*.txt" | sort
方法二：
ls $(find dir -name "*.txt")
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