Android自定义View实现竖直跑马灯效果案例解析
作者：凤求凰丶
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Android自定义View实现竖直跑马灯效果，文中示例代码介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
本文实例为大家分享了Android实现竖直跑马灯效果的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
首先给出跑马灯效果图
中间的色块是因为视频转成GIF造成的失真，自动忽略哈。
大家知道，横向的跑马灯android自带的TextView就可以实现，详情请百度【Android跑马灯效果】。但是竖直的跑马灯效果原生Android是不支持的。网上也有很多网友实现了自定义的效果，但是我一贯是不喜欢看别人的代码，所以这篇博客的思路完全是我自己的想法哈。
首先，我们需要给自定义的控件梳理一下格局，如下图所示：
1、首先我们将控件分为三个区块，上面绿色部分为消失不可见的块，中间黑色部分为可见区域，下面红色部分为欲出现不可见区域。蓝色的线代表的是整个控件的上线和下线。
2、首先我们只给出两个文字块在内存中，分别是黑色部分的可见块和红色部分的欲出现块。
3、求出这些块的宽度、高度与中心点的坐标值。
4、滚动时，动态地改变每个块的中心点y坐标，使之向上平移。
5、当平移结束后，可见块位于欲消失的不可见块，欲出现的可见块位于可见区域的文字块。此时将欲消失的文字块移除List，并重新设置后一个索引的Text和重心坐标值，重新加入List中，刷新。
6、用一个Handler来处理动画的间隔时间。用属性动画ValueAnimator来实现平移的动画效果。
下面开始代码讲解，首先是用链式设置法设置一些常规属性：
<span style="font-size:14px;"> public VerticalMarqueeView color(int color){
this.color = color;
return this;
}
public VerticalMarqueeView textSize(int textSize){
this.textSize = textSize;
return this;
}
public VerticalMarqueeView datas(String[] datas){
this.datas = datas;
return this;
}
public void commit(){
if(this.datas == null || datas.length == 0){
Log.e("VerticalMarqueeView", "the datas's length is illegal");
throw new IllegalStateException("may be not invoke the method named datas(String[])");
}
paint.setColor(color);
paint.setTextSize(textSize);
}</span>
最后一定要调用commit方法进行提交，通过代码可以看出来这里除了有排空措施，还有最重要的一步：设置字体的大小。
然后我抽象出一个文字块的bean类：
public class TextBlock {
private int width;
private int height;
private String text;
private int drawX;
private int drawY;
private Paint paint;
private int position;
public TextBlock(int width, int height, Paint paint){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.paint = paint;
}
public void reset(int centerY){
reset(text, centerX, centerY, position);
}
public void reset(String text, int centerY){
reset(text, centerX, centerY, position);
}
public void reset(String text, int centerY, int position){
reset(text, centerX, centerY, position);
}
public void reset(String text, int centerX, int centerY, int position){
this.text = text;
this.position = position;
int measureWidth = (int)paint.measureText(text);
drawX = (width - measureWidth) / 2;
FontMetrics metrics = paint.getFontMetrics();
drawY = (int)(centerY + (metrics.bottom - metrics.top) / 2 - metrics.bottom);
}
public int getPosition(){
return position;
}
public void draw(Canvas canvas){
canvas.drawText(text, drawX, drawY, paint);
}
}
这个bean类，最重要的方法就是几个重载的reset方法，通过改变centerY的值，来动态得改变绘制文字的起点实现居中绘制。关于文字的居中绘制请参考百度【android canvas 居中绘制文本】。
然后是重写onMeasure方法
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec){
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if(this.datas == null || this.datas.length == 0){
Log.e("VerticalMarqueeView", "the datas's length is illegal");
return;
}
width = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight();
height = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom();
centerX = width / 2;
centerY = height / 2;
blocks.clear();
//添加显示区域的文字块
TextBlock block1 = new TextBlock(width, height, paint);
block1.reset(datas[0], centerX, centerY, 0);
blocks.add(block1);
if(datas.length > 1){
TextBlock block2 = new TextBlock(width, height, paint);
block2.reset(datas[1], centerX, centerY + height, 1);
blocks.add(block2);
}
}
在这个方法中，首先进行非空判断以免出现致命逻辑错误。然后得到整个控件的宽高和重心坐标。然后实例化两个文字块TextBlock，第一个文字块通过reset设置中点y坐标为整个控件的中点y坐标，第二个文字块通过reset设置中点y坐标为centerY+height，意思就是置于下一个文字块的不可见区域内。
然后是onDraw方法，这个方法非常简单，已经将业务逻辑转交给TextBlock的draw方法了。
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas){
for(int i = 0; i < blocks.size(); i++){
blocks.get(i).draw(canvas);
}
}
最关键的就是滚动效果的实现了，首先我们给出两个方法，开始滚动和结束滚动。
public void startScroll(){
isStopScroll = false;
if(datas == null || datas.length == 0 || datas.length == 1){
Log.e("VerticalMarqueeView", "the datas's length is illegal");
return;
}
if(!isStopScroll){
handler.postDelayed(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run(){
scroll();
if(!isStopScroll){
handler.postDelayed(this, DURATION_SCROLL);
}
}
}, DURATION_SCROLL);
}
}
public void stopScroll(){
this.isStopScroll = true;
}
原理很简单，首先给出一个boolean标志isStopScroll。然后用Handler的postDelayed方法进行循环延迟得调用scroll方法进行滚动。接下来给出全文最重要的方法，scroll方法。
private void scroll(){
ValueAnimator animator = ValueAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt("scrollY", centerY, centerY - height));
animator.setDuration(DURATION_ANIMATOR);
animator.addUpdateListener(new AnimatorUpdateListener(){
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation){
int scrollY = (int)animation.getAnimatedValue("scrollY");
blocks.get(0).reset(scrollY);
blocks.get(1).reset(scrollY + height);
invalidate();
}
});
animator.addListener(new AnimatorListener(){
@Override
public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation){
}
@Override
public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation){
}
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation){
//移除第一块
int position = blocks.get(1).getPosition();
TextBlock textBlock = blocks.remove(0);
//最后一个
if(position == datas.length - 1){
position = 0;
}else{
position ++;
}
textBlock.reset(datas[position], centerY + height, position);
blocks.add(textBlock);
invalidate();
}
@Override
public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation){
}
});
animator.start();
}
首先采用ValueAnimator类进行属性动画，开始值为控件的中点y坐标，结束值为centerY-height，意味着要从下往上移动一个文字块的距离。然后在动画更新回调方法中，进行对文字块的reset方法。当动画结束后，得到第二个文字块的position值，然后移除第一个文字块，重新reset这个文字块的索引值，再加入到List的容器中。如此循坏。
最后给一个get方法返回position吧。
public int getCurrentPosition(){
if(datas == null || datas.length == 0){
return -1;
}
if(datas.length == 1 && blocks.size() == 1){
return 0;
}
return blocks.get(0).getPosition();
}
上述就将这个自定义控件的所有代码都呈现出来了，考虑到比较零散，这里讲所有代码都打印出来：
/**
* @FileName: VerticalMarqueeView.java
* @Author
* @Description:
* @Date 2016年7月13日 上午9:32:27
* @CopyRight CNP Corporation
*/
package cc.wxf.component;
import android.animation.Animator;
import android.animation.Animator.AnimatorListener;
import android.animation.PropertyValuesHolder;
import android.animation.ValueAnimator;
import android.animation.ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Paint.FontMetrics;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class VerticalMarqueeView extends View{
public static final int DURATION_SCROLL = 3000;
public static final int DURATION_ANIMATOR = 1000;
private int color = Color.BLACK;
private int textSize = 30;
private String[] datas = null;
private int width;
private int height;
private int centerX;
private int centerY;
private List<TextBlock> blocks = new ArrayList<TextBlock>(2);
private Paint paint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
private Handler handler = new Handler();
private boolean isStopScroll = false;
public VerticalMarqueeView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr){
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
}
public VerticalMarqueeView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs){
super(context, attrs);
}
public VerticalMarqueeView(Context context){
super(context);
}
public VerticalMarqueeView color(int color){
this.color = color;
return this;
}
public VerticalMarqueeView textSize(int textSize){
this.textSize = textSize;
return this;
}
public VerticalMarqueeView datas(String[] datas){
this.datas = datas;
return this;
}
public void commit(){
if(this.datas == null || datas.length == 0){
Log.e("VerticalMarqueeView", "the datas's length is illegal");
throw new IllegalStateException("may be not invoke the method named datas(String[])");
}
paint.setColor(color);
paint.setTextSize(textSize);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec){
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if(this.datas == null || this.datas.length == 0){
Log.e("VerticalMarqueeView", "the datas's length is illegal");
return;
}
width = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight();
height = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom();
centerX = width / 2;
centerY = height / 2;
blocks.clear();
//添加显示区域的文字块
TextBlock block1 = new TextBlock(width, height, paint);
block1.reset(datas[0], centerX, centerY, 0);
blocks.add(block1);
if(datas.length > 1){
TextBlock block2 = new TextBlock(width, height, paint);
block2.reset(datas[1], centerX, centerY + height, 1);
blocks.add(block2);
}
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas){
for(int i = 0; i < blocks.size(); i++){
blocks.get(i).draw(canvas);
}
}
public void startScroll(){
isStopScroll = false;
if(datas == null || datas.length == 0 || datas.length == 1){
Log.e("VerticalMarqueeView", "the datas's length is illegal");
return;
}
if(!isStopScroll){
handler.postDelayed(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run(){
scroll();
if(!isStopScroll){
handler.postDelayed(this, DURATION_SCROLL);
}
}
}, DURATION_SCROLL);
}
}
public void stopScroll(){
this.isStopScroll = true;
}
private void scroll(){
ValueAnimator animator = ValueAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt("scrollY", centerY, centerY - height));
animator.setDuration(DURATION_ANIMATOR);
animator.addUpdateListener(new AnimatorUpdateListener(){
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation){
int scrollY = (int)animation.getAnimatedValue("scrollY");
blocks.get(0).reset(scrollY);
blocks.get(1).reset(scrollY + height);
invalidate();
}
});
animator.addListener(new AnimatorListener(){
@Override
public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation){
}
@Override
public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation){
}
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation){
//移除第一块
int position = blocks.get(1).getPosition();
TextBlock textBlock = blocks.remove(0);
//最后一个
if(position == datas.length - 1){
position = 0;
}else{
position ++;
}
textBlock.reset(datas[position], centerY + height, position);
blocks.add(textBlock);
invalidate();
}
@Override
public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation){
}
});
animator.start();
}
public int getCurrentPosition(){
if(datas == null || datas.length == 0){
return -1;
}
if(datas.length == 1 && blocks.size() == 1){
return 0;
}
return blocks.get(0).getPosition();
}
public class TextBlock {
private int width;
private int height;
private String text;
private int drawX;
private int drawY;
private Paint paint;
private int position;
public TextBlock(int width, int height, Paint paint){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.paint = paint;
}
public void reset(int centerY){
reset(text, centerX, centerY, position);
}
public void reset(String text, int centerY){
reset(text, centerX, centerY, position);
}
public void reset(String text, int centerY, int position){
reset(text, centerX, centerY, position);
}
public void reset(String text, int centerX, int centerY, int position){
this.text = text;
this.position = position;
int measureWidth = (int)paint.measureText(text);
drawX = (width - measureWidth) / 2;
FontMetrics metrics = paint.getFontMetrics();
drawY = (int)(centerY + (metrics.bottom - metrics.top) / 2 - metrics.bottom);
}
public int getPosition(){
return position;
}
public void draw(Canvas canvas){
canvas.drawText(text, drawX, drawY, paint);
}
}
}
最后给出使用的方法，很简单。
package cc.wxf.androiddemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
import cc.wxf.component.VerticalMarqueeView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private VerticalMarqueeView vmView;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
vmView = (VerticalMarqueeView)findViewById(R.id.vmView);
String[] datas = new String[]{
"南海又开始动荡了","菲律宾到处都在肇事","这次为了一张审判废纸，菲律宾投入了多少成本呢","测试数据4","测试数据5为了长度不一样","就把这条当做测试数据吧"
};
vmView.color(getResources().getColor(android.R.color.black))
.textSize(sp2px(this, 15))
.datas(datas).commit();
vmView.startScroll();
vmView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v){
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "当前的索引为：" + vmView.getCurrentPosition(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
private int sp2px(Context context, int sp){
float density = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().scaledDensity;
return (int) (sp * density + 0.5f);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//必须要调用，否则内存中会一直无限循环
vmView.stopScroll();
}
}
demo就不提供了，自定义View就只有上面一个文件。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。