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首页 > 软件编程 > Android > 安卓中自定义组合控件

实例讲解Android应用中自定义组合控件的方法

作者:Zane96

这篇文章主要介绍了实例讲解Android应用中自定义组合控件的方法,通过例子讲解了view组合控件及自定义属性的用法,需要的朋友可以参考下

自定义view大概可以分成:

最近又跟同学聊起来了,于是就准备自己实现一个imagebutton来练练手。(最简单的了)以及后面一个把imageview与textview结合使用的案例。

ImageButton
要实现ImageButton最容易想到的不就是把button和imageview合在一起么。嗯,人容易就想到这是一个组合自定义view。可是如何把一个image放到button上呢,自然就是用一个FrameLayout把button和imageview包裹起来,然后将这个layout当作一个weidgt。把一个layout当成一个控件我开始不太理解。后来了解到一些东西。

补充知识点(安卓的顶层视图)
在android里面,你的app界面的活动的视图并非是最顶级的视图。大家应该都知道viewtree。在安卓里面,最顶级的视图是一个叫DecorView的东西。它包括你的状态栏,标题栏,以及你的活动界面。而且这个活动界面,安卓会自动帮你提前弄进去一个FrameLayout。可以这么理解吧,在安卓这个上帝的面前,你的activity就是放在他的framelayout的一个个view。上一张图~

2016415144141959.png (476×449)

DecorView->LinearLayout(状态栏和activity)->FrameLayout(activity)->你自己的acitivty视图。

实例讲解
好啦,回归正题。我上代码了。
myimagebutton_layout.xml

<FrameLayout  
 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
 android:layout_width="match_parent"       
 android:layout_height="match_parent">  
 <Button    
  android:layout_width="match_parent"    
  android:layout_height="match_parent"    
  android:id="@+id/button_imagebutton"    />  
 <ImageView 
  android:layout_width="match_parent"    
  android:layout_height="match_parent"    
  android:id="@+id/imageview_button"    />
</FrameLayout>

用一个framelayout把两个控件装起来,然后组合。组合了之后我们就去自定义我们这个控件的属性。button不用变对吧,用原生的就好了,就是需要有一个图片的src这个属性就好了。
在values目录下的attrs.xml文件_

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>在
  <declare-styleable name="MyImageButton">
    <attr name="Imagesrc" format="reference"/>
  </declare-styleable>
</resources>

一般来说,declare-styleable标签的名字都是你的自定义控件的名字。attr就是你的自定义控件属性。format是这个属性的值的数据类型。这里的reference表示引用。dimension表示的是dp或者sp的大小。还有一些可以自己去看看。定义好属性,我们就开始写控件了。
MyImageButton.java

public class MyImageButton2 extends FrameLayout{

  ImageView mImageView;
  Button mButton;
  int resId;

  public MyImageButton2(Context context) {
    super(context);
  }

  public MyImageButton2(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
    super(context, attrs);
    //导入布局
    LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.myimagebutton_layout, this);

   mImageView=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageview_button);

   mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_imagebutton);
    //获得这个控件对应的属性。
   TypedArray a = getContext().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyImageButton);

    try{
     //获得属性值
      resId = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyImageButton_Imagesrc, 0);
    }finally {
     //回收这个对象
      a.recycle();
    }

    if(resId != 0){
      mImageView.setImageResource(resId);
    }
  }

  public void setImage(int resId){
    mImageView.setImageResource(resId);
  }

}

一般来说,继承view(就这么说吧,反正都是都是继承view的),实现两三个构造函数就可以了。在第二个里面有一个attr,这就是传进来的属性。如果resId不为默认值,就表示用户在xml里面传入了这个属性值,你也必须要写一个set方法,让用户可以在java代码中去改变属性值。
test.myimagebutton.layout.xml_

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent">

  <com.example.think.testview.customview.MyImageButton2
    xmlns:pt = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.think.testview"
    android:layout_height="100dp"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    pt:Imagesrc = "@drawable/ic_launcher"
    />

</LinearLayout>

效果图

2016415144239601.png (1080×1920)

另一个实例

这里我们来看一个view组合控件的例子:

2016415144305792.jpg (1187×294)

<string-array name="bao_type"> 
   <item>测试1</item> 
   <item>测试2</item> 
   <item>测试3</item> 
   <item>测试4</item> 
 </string-array> 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
  android:layout_width="match_parent" 
  android:layout_height="match_parent" 
  android:background="@color/gray_common_background" 
  android:orientation="vertical"> 
 
 
 
  <LinearLayout 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:orientation="horizontal"> 
 
    <TextView 
      android:id="@+id/txt_viewpage_bar1" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar" 
      android:textColor="@color/theme_red" /> 
 
    <TextView 
      android:id="@+id/txt_viewpage_bar2" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar" /> 
 
    <TextView 
      android:id="@+id/txt_viewpage_bar3" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar" /> 
 
    <TextView 
      android:id="@+id/txt_viewpage_bar4" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar" /> 
  </LinearLayout> 
 
  <LinearLayout 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:orientation="horizontal"> 
 
    <View 
      android:id="@+id/view_viewpage_bar1" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar_view" /> 
 
    <View 
      android:id="@+id/view_viewpage_bar2" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar_view" /> 
 
    <View 
      android:id="@+id/view_viewpage_bar3" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar_view" /> 
 
    <View 
      android:id="@+id/view_viewpage_bar4" 
      style="@style/style_common_pagebar_view" /> 
  </LinearLayout> 
 
 
 
  <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager 
    android:id="@+id/common_viewpage_buttom" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="0dp" 
    android:layout_weight="1" /> 
</LinearLayout> 

public interface SlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener { 
   void onPageSelected(int position); 
 
   void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state); 
 } 

public class SlbPageViewBar extends LinearLayout { 

  private TextView[] mTotalTxtViews; 
  private View[] mTotalViews; 
  private List<TextView> mTxtViews; 
  private List<View> mViews; 
 
  private ViewPager mViewPager; 
  private SlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener mSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener; 
 
 
  public SlbPageViewBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { 
    super(context, attrs); 
    mTotalTxtViews = new TextView[4]; 
    mTotalViews = new View[4]; 
    mTxtViews = new ArrayList<>(); 
    mViews = new ArrayList<>(); 
    initView(); 
  } 
 
  private void initView() { 
    View.inflate(getContext(), R.layout.layout_common_top_pageview_bar, this); 
    mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.common_viewpage_buttom); 
    mTotalTxtViews[0] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar1); 
    mTotalTxtViews[1] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar2); 
    mTotalTxtViews[2] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar3); 
    mTotalTxtViews[3] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar4); 
    mTotalViews[0] = findViewById(R.id.view_viewpage_bar1); 
    mTotalViews[1] = findViewById(R.id.view_viewpage_bar2); 
    mTotalViews[2] = findViewById(R.id.view_viewpage_bar3); 
    mTotalViews[3] = findViewById(R.id.view_viewpage_bar4); 
 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * @param title 标题名称数组 
   */ 
 
  public void setTitleView(String[] title) { 
    int legth = title.length > 4 ? 4 : title.length; 
    for (int i = 0; i < legth; i++) { 
      mTotalTxtViews[i].setText(title[i]); 
      mTotalTxtViews[i].setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); 
      mTotalViews[i].setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); 
      mTotalTxtViews[i].setOnClickListener(new SlbTextViewOnLister(i)); 
      mTxtViews.add(mTotalTxtViews[i]); 
      mViews.add(mTotalViews[i]); 
    } 
    mTotalViews[0].setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); 
    mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(mOnButtomPageChangeListener); 
  } 
 
  public ViewPager getViewPager(){ 
    return mViewPager; 
  } 
 
  public void setSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener(SlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener slbPageViewOnPageChangeListener) { 
    this.mSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener = slbPageViewOnPageChangeListener; 
  } 
 
  private void changeViewBg(int textViewId, int viewId) { 
    for (View view : mViews) { 
      if (viewId == view.getId()) { 
        view.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); 
      } else { 
        view.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); 
      } 
    } 
    for (TextView view : mTxtViews) { 
      if (textViewId == view.getId()) { 
        view.setTextColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.theme_red)); 
      } else { 
        view.setTextColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.black_normal_text_33333)); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
 
 
  class SlbTextViewOnLister implements OnClickListener { 
 
    private int mItem; 
 
 
    public SlbTextViewOnLister(int item) { 
      this.mItem = item; 
 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void onClick(View v) { 
      mViewPager.setCurrentItem(mItem); 
    } 
  } 
 
  private ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener mOnButtomPageChangeListener = new ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener() { 
    @Override 
    public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) { 
 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void onPageSelected(int position) { 
      switch (position) { 
        case 0: 
          changeViewBg(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar1, R.id.view_viewpage_bar1); 
          break; 
        case 1: 
          changeViewBg(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar2, R.id.view_viewpage_bar2); 
 
          break; 
        case 2: 
          changeViewBg(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar3, R.id.view_viewpage_bar3); 
          break; 
        case 3: 
          changeViewBg(R.id.txt_viewpage_bar4, R.id.view_viewpage_bar4); 
          break; 
      } 
      if (mSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener != null) 
        mSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener.onPageSelected(position); 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) { 
      if (mSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener != null) 
        mSlbPageViewOnPageChangeListener.onPageScrollStateChanged(state); 
    } 
  }; 
 
 
} 

public class CommonViewpageAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter { 
  private List<Fragment> mFragments; 
  private String [] mTitles; 
 
  public CommonViewpageAdapter(FragmentManager fm, List<Fragment> fragments, String [] titles) { 
    super(fm); 
    mFragments = fragments; 
    mTitles = titles; 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public Fragment getItem(int position) { 
    return mFragments.get(position); 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public int getCount() { 
    return mFragments.size(); 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) { 
    return mTitles[position]; 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { 
    super.destroyItem(container, position, object); 
  } 
} 

<com.slfinance.app.slb.common.ui.view.SlbPageViewBar 
    android:id="@+id/slbpv_buy_huoqibao_SlbPageViewBarshow" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:orientation="vertical"/> 

private void initButtomPageFragment(SlbPageViewBar slbPageViewBar) { 
  List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<>(); 
  Test1Fragment test1Fragment = new Test1Fragment(); 
  Test2Fragment test2Fragment = new Test2Fragment(); 
  Test3Fragment test3Fragment = new Test3Fragment(); 
  Test4Fragment test4Fragment = new Test4Fragment(); 
  fragmentList.add(test1Fragment); 
  fragmentList.add(test2Fragment); 
  fragmentList.add(test3Fragment); 
  fragmentList.add(test4Fragment); 
  String[] titles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.buy_huoqi_bao_zanquan_detail); 
  slbPageViewBar.setTitleView(titles); 
  CommonViewpageAdapter viewPagerAdapter = new CommonViewpageAdapter( 
      getSupportFragmentManager(), fragmentList, titles); 
  mButtomPageView.setAdapter(viewPagerAdapter); 
  mButtomPageView.setOffscreenPageLimit(3); 
  mButtomPageView.setCurrentItem(0); 
} 


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