Vue实现轮播图组件的封装
作者:itpeilibo
轮播图功能-获取数据
目标: 基于pinia获取轮播图数据
核心代码:
(1)在types/data.d.ts
文件中定义轮播图数据的类型声明
// 所有接口的通用类型 export type ApiRes <T> = { code: string, msg: string, result: T } // 轮播图类型 export type BannerItem = { hrefUrl: string id: string imgUrl: string type: string }
(2)在store/home.ts
文件中封装接口,用于获取轮播图数据
import { ApiRes, BannerItem } from '@/types/data' import request from '@/utils/request' import { defineStore } from 'pinia' export default defineStore('home', { state: () => ({ bannerList: [] as BannerItem[], }), actions: { async getBannerList() { const {data: res} = await request.get<ApiRes<BannerItem[]>>('/home/banner') this.bannerList = res.result }, }, })
(3)在store/index.ts
中导入
import useCategoryStore from './modules/category' import useHomeStore from './modules/home' export default function useStore() { return { category: useCategoryStore(), home: useHomeStore(), } }
(4)通过开发者工具查看数据
<script lang="ts" setup> import useStore from '@/store' const { home } = useStore() home.getBannerList() </script>
轮播图-通用轮播图组件
项目中会多次使用到轮播图组件,但是轮播图渲染的数据是不一样的。
但是轮播图的基本功能都是一样的,比如图片切换,自动播放等等。
因此需要封装一个通用的轮播图组件。
(1)通用轮播图的基本结构src/components/carousel/index.vue
fade 类:用于控制图片的显示和隐藏
active 类:用于控制小圆点高亮
<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel"> defineProps() </script> <template> <div class="carousel"> <ul class="carousel-body"> <li class="carousel-item fade"> <RouterLink to="/"> <img src="http://yjy-xiaotuxian-dev.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/picture/2021-04-15/1ba86bcc-ae71-42a3-bc3e-37b662f7f07e.jpg" alt="" /> </RouterLink> </li> <li class="carousel-item"> <RouterLink to="/"> <img src="http://yjy-xiaotuxian-dev.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/picture/2021-04-15/1ba86bcc-ae71-42a3-bc3e-37b662f7f07e.jpg" alt="" /> </RouterLink> </li> <li class="carousel-item"> <RouterLink to="/"> <img src="http://yjy-xiaotuxian-dev.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/picture/2021-04-15/1ba86bcc-ae71-42a3-bc3e-37b662f7f07e.jpg" alt="" /> </RouterLink> </li> </ul> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn prev" ><i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i ></a> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn next" ><i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i ></a> <div class="carousel-indicator"> <span class="active"></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> </template> <style scoped lang="less"> .xtxcarousel { width: 100%; height: 100%; min-width: 300px; min-height: 150px; position: relative; .carousel { &-body { width: 100%; height: 100%; } &-item { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.5s linear; &.fade { opacity: 1; z-index: 1; } img { width: 100%; height: 100%; } } &-indicator { position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: 20px; z-index: 2; width: 100%; text-align: center; span { display: inline-block; width: 12px; height: 12px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); border-radius: 50%; cursor: pointer; ~ span { margin-left: 12px; } &.active { background: #fff; } } } &-btn { width: 44px; height: 44px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; top: 228px; z-index: 2; text-align: center; line-height: 44px; opacity: 0; transition: all 0.5s; &.prev { left: 20px; } &.next { right: 20px; } } } &:hover { .carousel-btn { opacity: 1; } } } </style>
(2)全局注册通用轮播图 src/components/index.ts
import type { App } from 'vue' import skelecton from './skeleton/index.vue' +import Carousel from './carousel/index.vue' export default { install(app: App) { app.component(skelecton.name, skelecton) + app.component(Carousel.name, Carousel) }, }
(3)在广告组件中使用src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue
<template> <div class="home-banner"> <!-- 轮播图 --> <Carousel></XtxCarousel> </div> </template>
(4)覆盖样式,控制箭头和小圆点的位置src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue
:deep(.carousel-btn.prev) { left: 270px!important; } :deep(.carousel-indicator) { padding-left: 250px; }
(5)查看效果
轮播图-数据渲染
目的
home-banner组件把数据传递给Carousel组件进行渲染
(1)父传子的方式将数据传给通用轮播图组件src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue
<Carousel :slides="home.bannerList"></Carousel>
(2)子组件接收数据src/components/carousel/index.vue
了解写法:如果通过js的方法定义类型,需要单独引入PropType进行编写
<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel"> import { BannerItem } from '@/types/data' // import { PropType } from 'vue' // defineProps({ // slides: { // type: Array as PropType<BannerItem[]>, // required: true, // }, // }) defineProps<{ slides: BannerItem[] }>() </script>
(3)渲染轮播图数据src/components/carousel/index.vue
<template> <div class="carousel"> <ul class="carousel-body"> <li class="carousel-item fade" v-for="item in slides" :key="item.id"> <RouterLink :to="item.hrefUrl"> <img :src="item.imgUrl" alt="" /> </RouterLink> </li> </ul> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn prev"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i> </a> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn next"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i> </a> <div class="carousel-indicator"> <span v-for="item in slides" :key="item.id" class="active"></span> </div> </div> </template>
(4)控制高亮的下标
<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel"> const active = ref(0) </script>
(5)高亮渲染
- 添加的fade的图片才会展示,所以根据当前索引号进行判断,索引号等于active的才进行展示
- 添加了active类名的小圆点才会高亮,高亮逻辑跟图片一致
<template> <div class="carousel"> <ul class="carousel-body"> <li class="carousel-item" + :class="{ fade: active === index }" + v-for="(item, index) in slides" :key="item.id" > <RouterLink :to="item.hrefUrl"> <img :src="item.imgUrl" alt="" /> </RouterLink> </li> </ul> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn prev"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i> </a> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn next"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i> </a> <div class="carousel-indicator"> <span + v-for="(item, index) in slides" :key="item.id" + :class="{ active: active === index }" ></span> </div> </div> </template>
轮播图-逻辑封装
实现需求:
轮播图里面的图片需要从父组件传入(因为轮播组件可以复用)
父组件需要控制轮播图的是否自动播放、动画时间(处理默认值逻辑)
是否自动播放和动画时间都是需要默认值的(如果不传就可以使用轮播组件自己提供的默认值)
播放逻辑
- 点击小圆点可以切换图片
- 点击prev和next按钮可以播放指定图片(根据图片个数判断播放的循环)
- 如果父组件配置了自动播放,则需要定时播放图片
- 鼠标进入轮播图,暂停轮播
- 鼠标离开轮播图,继续轮播
- 注意点:组件卸载的时候需要清除定时轮播效果(不然组件重新加载的时候会导致多个定时器开启)
(1)父组件传值给轮播图src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue
<template> <div class="home-banner"> <!-- 轮播图 --> <Carousel :slides="slides" autoPlay :duration="3000"></XtxCarousel> </div> </template>
(2)props接收src/components/Carousel.vue
<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel"> import { BannerItem } from '@/types/data' import { ref, PropType } from 'vue' defineProps({ slides: { type: Array as PropType<BannerItem[]>, required: true, }, autoPlay: { type: Boolean, default: false, }, duration: { type: Number, default: 3000, }, }) const active = ref(0) </script>
(3)轮播图的播放逻辑
<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel"> import { BannerItem } from '@/types/data' import { onMounted, onUnmounted, PropType, ref } from 'vue' // import { PropType } from 'vue' const props = defineProps({ slides: { type: Array as PropType<BannerItem[]>, required: true, }, duration: { type: Number, default: 3000, }, autoPlay: { type: Boolean, default: false, }, }) // const props = defineProps<{ // slides: BannerItem[] // }>() // 控制高亮 const active = ref(0) const prev = () => { if (active.value <= 0) { active.value = props.slides.length - 1 } else { active.value-- } } const next = () => { if (active.value >= props.slides.length - 1) { active.value = 0 } else { active.value++ } } const play = () => { // 如果没有自动播放 if (!props.autoPlay) return // 在ts中,使用定时器,window.setInterval timer = window.setInterval(() => { next() }, props.duration) } const stop = () => { clearInterval(timer) } let timer = -1 // 自动播放 onMounted(() => { play() }) onUnmounted(() => { stop() }) </script>
(4)鼠标进入和离开操作
<div class="carousel" @mouseenter="stop" @mouseleave="play">
(5)鼠标经过小圆点切换
<span v-for="(item, index) in slides" :key="item.id" :class="{ active: active === index }" @mouseenter="active = index" ></span>
(6)点击左右箭头切换
const prev = () => { if (active.value === 0) { active.value = props.slides.length - 1 } else { active.value-- } } const next = () => { if (active.value === props.slides.length - 1) { active.value = 0 } else { active.value++ } } // 注册事件 <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn prev" @click="prev"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i> </a> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn next" @click="next"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i> </a> vascript const prev = () => { if (active.value === 0) { active.value = props.slides.length - 1 } else { active.value-- } } const next = () => { if (active.value === props.slides.length - 1) { active.value = 0 } else { active.value++ } } // 注册事件 <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn prev" @click="prev"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i> </a> <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="carousel-btn next" @click="next"> <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i> </a>
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