Android Compose Column列表不自动刷新问题
作者:氦客
1. 背景
我们都知道,Compose
可以使用mutableStateOf
和UI进行绑定,改变值之后,就可以改变UI。
var value by remember { mutableStateOf(0) } var imageVisible by remember { mutableStateOf(true) } Column { Text(text = "现在的值是:$value") Button(onClick = { value++ //修改值,自动改变UI }) { Text(text = "Add Value") } AnimatedVisibility(visible = imageVisible) { Image( painter = painterResource(id = R.mipmap.photot1), contentDescription = "", Modifier.width(260.dp) ) } Button(onClick = { imageVisible = !imageVisible //修改值,自动显示/隐藏UI }) { Text(text = "Show/Hide") } }
效果如下
但是如果是使用Column
/Row
/LazyColumn
/LazyRow
列表的时候,无论怎么更新数据,界面都不会刷新
val list = ArrayList<String>() for (i in 0..10) { list.add(i.toString()) } var stateList by remember { mutableStateOf(list) } Button(onClick = { stateList.add("添加的值:${Random.nextInt()}") }, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) { Text(text = "添加值") } Button(onClick = { stateList.removeAt(stateList.size - 1) }, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) { Text(text = "删除值") } LazyColumn { items(stateList.size) { index -> Text( text = "${stateList.get(index)}", textAlign = TextAlign.Center, modifier = Modifier .height(24.dp) .fillMaxWidth() ) } }
可以看到,点击了按钮后,列表完全没有刷新
这是为什么了 ?
2. 解决方案
当时很不解,为啥其他类型都是可以的,使用List就不行了呢 ?
查阅了好久,终于找到了解决方案
把mutableStateOf
改用mutableStateListOf
就可以了
var stateList = remember { mutableStateListOf<String>() } for (i in 0..10) { stateList.add(i.toString()) } Button(onClick = { stateList.add("添加的值:${Random.nextInt()}") }, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) { Text(text = "添加值") } Button(onClick = { stateList.removeAt(stateList.size - 1) }, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) { Text(text = "删除值") } LazyColumn { items(stateList.size) { index -> Text( text = "${stateList.get(index)}", textAlign = TextAlign.Center, modifier = Modifier .height(24.dp) .fillMaxWidth() ) } }
3. 原因
解决方案很简单,但是这是为什么呢 ?
3.1 mutableStateOf为什么可以更新UI
我们以mutableStateOf()
这个为例
var value by mutableStateOf(0)
首先,我们要明白,mutableStateOf()
返回的是一个MutableState
对象,MutableState
中有一个var value: T
属性
interface MutableState<T> : State<T> { override var value: T operator fun component1(): T operator fun component2(): (T) -> Unit } interface State<out T> { val value: T }
查看mutableStateOf
源码,可以发现,mutableStateOf()
返回的是继承自MutableState
的SnapshotMutableState
对象,路径mutableStateOf()-> createSnapshotMutableState() -> ParcelableSnapshotMutableState-> SnapshotMutableStateImpl
,可以看到有这样一段代码
override var value: T get() = next.readable(this).value set(value) = next.withCurrent { if (!policy.equivalent(it.value, value)) { next.overwritable(this, it) { this.value = value } } } private var next: StateStateRecord<T> = StateStateRecord(value)
这里就是重点,SnapshotMutableStateImpl
的value
属性重写了get()
和set()
方法
- 当
value
被读的时候,不光把值返回,还会记录一下在哪被读的 - 当
value
被写的时候,不止把这个值给改了,还会去查找在哪里被读过,然后通知这些被读过的地方,通知UI
进行刷新
4. 结论
因为我们操作String
、Int
等基础类型的时候,都是通过get
、set()
来获取、设置数据的,所以这操作会被SnapshotMutableStateImpl
记录下来,而List
、Map
这种集合,我们是通过add
、remove
来更新数据的,所以不会触发SnapshotMutableStateImpl
value
属性的set
。
4.1 解决方案一
使用mutableStateListOf
替代mutableStateOf
,mutableStateListOf
内部对add
、remove
方法也进行了重写
4.2 解决方案二
新创建一个List
,然后赋值给原来的list
,这样就会触发set
了
var stateList by remember { mutableStateOf(list) } val tempList = ArrayList<String>() for (value in stateList) { tempList.add(value) } tempList.add("添加的值:${Random.nextInt()}") stateList = tempList //赋值的时候会触发刷新UI
5.自己实现一个mutableStateOf()
我们也可以自己来实现一个mutableStateOf
,伪代码如下
class Test { interface State<out T> { val value: T } interface MutableState<T> : State<T> { override var value: T /*operator fun component1(): T operator fun component2(): (T) -> Unit*/ } inline operator fun <T> State<T>.getValue(thisObj: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): T = value inline operator fun <T> MutableState<T>.setValue( thisObj: Any?, property: KProperty<*>, value: T ) { this.value = value } interface SnapshotMutableState<T> : MutableState<T> { val policy: SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> } interface SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> { fun equivalent(a: T, b: T): Boolean fun merge(previous: T, current: T, applied: T): T? = null } internal open class SnapshotMutableStateImpl<T>( val _value: T, override val policy: SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> ) : /*StateObject, */SnapshotMutableState<T> { private var next : T = 52 as T @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST") override var value: T get() = next /*get() { Log.i(TAGs.TAG, "getValue:$field") return "" as T }*/ set(value) { Log.i(TAGs.TAG, "setValue") this.value = value } /*override fun component1(): T { //TODO("Not yet implemented") } override fun component2(): (T) -> Unit { //TODO("Not yet implemented") }*/ } internal class ParcelableSnapshotMutableState<T>( value: T, policy: SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> ) : SnapshotMutableStateImpl<T>(value, policy)/*, Parcelable*/ { } fun <T> mutableStateOf( value: T, policy: SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> = structuralEqualityPolicy() ): MutableState<T> = createSnapshotMutableState(value, policy) fun <T> structuralEqualityPolicy(): SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> = StructuralEqualityPolicy as SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> private object StructuralEqualityPolicy : SnapshotMutationPolicy<Any?> { override fun equivalent(a: Any?, b: Any?) = a == b override fun toString() = "StructuralEqualityPolicy" } fun <T> createSnapshotMutableState( value: T, policy: SnapshotMutationPolicy<T> ): SnapshotMutableState<T> = ParcelableSnapshotMutableState(value, policy) fun main() { var sizeUpdate by mutableStateOf(48) Log.i(TAGs.TAG, "sizeUpdate:$sizeUpdate") sizeUpdate = 64 Log.i(TAGs.TAG, "sizeUpdate>>$sizeUpdate") } }
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