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Spring Security实现添加图片验证功能

作者：bangiao

这篇文章主要为大家介绍了Spring Security实现添加图片验证功能详解，有需要的朋友可以借鉴参考下，希望能够有所帮助，祝大家多多进步，早日升职加薪

本章内容

Spring security添加图片验证方式，在互联网上面有很多这种博客，都写的非常的详细了。本篇主要讲一些添加图片验证的思路。还有前后端分离方式，图片验证要怎么去处理？

思路

小白: "我们从总体流程上看图片验证在认证的哪一个阶段？"

小黑: "在获取客户输入的用户名密码那一阶段，而且要在服务器获取数据库中用户名密码之前。这是一个区间[获取请求用户名密码, 获取数据库用户名密码)

而在 Spring security中, 可以很明显的发现有两种思路。

小白: "为什么是这个阶段呢? 不能是在判断密码验证之前呢?"

小黑: "你傻啊, 如果在你说的阶段, 服务器需要去数据库中获取用户信息, 这相当的浪费系统资源"

小白: "哦哦, 我错了, 让我屡屡整个流程应该是啥样"

小白: "我需要事先在后端生成一个验证码，然后通过验证码返回一张图片给前端。前端登录表单添加图片验证。用户输入图片验证后点击登录，会存放在request请求中, 后端需要从request请求中读取到图片验证，判断前后端验证码是否相同, 如果图片验证码相同之后才开始从数据库拿用户信息。否则直接抛出认证异常"

简单点: 数据库获取用户账户之前, 先进行图片验证码验证

方案

怎么将字符串变成图片验证码?

这轮子肯定不能自己造, 有就拿来吧你

kaptcha这么玩

<!--验证码生成器-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
    <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.2</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

@Bean
public DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer() {
    Properties properties = new Properties();
    properties.put("kaptcha.border", "no");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length","4");
    properties.put("kaptcha.image.height","50");
    properties.put("kaptcha.image.width","150");
    properties.put("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.ShadowGimpy");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color","black");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size","40");
    properties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise");
    //properties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string","acdefhkmnprtwxy2345678");
    DefaultKaptcha kaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
    kaptcha.setConfig(new Config(properties));
    return kaptcha;
}

@Resource
private DefaultKaptcha producer;
@GetMapping("/verify-code")
public void getVerifyCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws Exception {
    response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
    String text = producer.createText();
    session.setAttribute("verify_code", text);
    BufferedImage image = producer.createImage(text);
    try (ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream()) {
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", outputStream);
    }
}

hutool这么玩

@GetMapping("hutool-verify-code")
public void getHtoolVerifyCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
    CircleCaptcha circleCaptcha = CaptchaUtil.createCircleCaptcha(200, 100, 4, 80);
    session.setAttribute("hutool_verify_code", circleCaptcha.getCode());
    response.setContentType(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG_VALUE);
    circleCaptcha.write(response.getOutputStream());
}

这俩随便挑选一个完事

前端就非常简单了

<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
    <div class="input">
        <label for="name">用户名</label>
        <input type="text" name="username" id="name">
        <span class="spin"></span>
    </div>
    <div class="input">
        <label for="pass">密码</label>
        <input type="password" name="password" id="pass">
        <span class="spin"></span>
    </div>
    <div class="input">
        <label for="code">验证码</label>
        <input type="text" name="code" id="code"><img src="/verify-code" alt="验证码">
        <!--<input type="text" name="code" id="code"><img src="/hutool-verify-code" alt="验证码">-->
        <span class="spin"></span>
    </div>
    <div class="button login">
        <button type="submit">
            <span>登录</span>
            <i class="fa fa-check"></i>
        </button>
    </div>
    <div th:text="${session.SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION}"></div>
</form>

传统web项目

我们现在根据上面的思路来设计设计该怎么实现这项功能

过滤器方式

/**
 * 使用 OncePerRequestFilter 的方式需要配置匹配器
 */
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class ValidateCodeFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
    private final String login;
    private static final AntPathRequestMatcher requiresAuthenticationRequestMatcher = new AntPathRequestMatcher(this.login,
            "POST");
    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        if (requiresAuthenticationRequestMatcher.matches(request)) {
            validateCode(request);
        }
        filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
    private void validateCode(HttpServletRequest request) {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        // 获取保存在session中的code
        String verifyCode = (String) session.getAttribute("verify_code");
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(verifyCode)) {
            throw new ValidateCodeException("请重新申请验证码!");
        }
        // 拿到前端的 code
        String code = request.getParameter("code");
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(code)) {
            throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不能为空!");
        }
        // 对比
        if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(code, verifyCode)) {
            throw new AuthenticationServiceException("验证码错误!");
        }
        // 删除掉 session 中的 verify_code
        session.removeAttribute("verify_code");
    }
}

虽然OncePerRequestFilter每次浏览器请求过来, 都会调用过滤器. 但是过滤器顺序是非常重要的

@Controller
@Slf4j
public class IndexController {
   @GetMapping("login")
   public String login() {
      return "login";
   }
   @GetMapping("")
   @ResponseBody
   public Principal index(Principal principal) {
      return principal;
   }
}

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {
	public static final String[] MATCHERS_URLS = {"/verify-code",
			"/css/**",
			"/images/**",
			"/js/**",
			"/hutool-verify-code"};
	public static final String LOGIN_PROCESSING_URL = "/login";
	public static final String LOGIN_PAGE = "/login";
	public static final String SUCCESS_URL = "/index";
	@Bean
	public ValidateCodeFilter validateCodeFilter() {
		return new ValidateCodeFilter(LOGIN_PROCESSING_URL);
	}
//    @Bean
//    public WebSecurityCustomizer webSecurityCustomizer() {
//        return web -> web.ignoring()
//                .antMatchers("/js/**", "/css/**", "/images/**");
//    }
	@Bean
	SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
		httpSecurity
				.authorizeHttpRequests()
				.antMatchers(MATCHERS_URLS).permitAll()
				.anyRequest()
				.authenticated()
				.and()
				.formLogin()
				.loginPage(LOGIN_PAGE)
				.loginProcessingUrl(LOGIN_PROCESSING_URL)
				.defaultSuccessUrl(SUCCESS_URL, true)
				.permitAll()
				.and()
				.csrf()
				.disable();
		httpSecurity.addFilterBefore(validateCodeFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
		return httpSecurity.build();
	}
}

小白: "我在网上看到有些网友并不是继承的OncePerRequestFilter接口啊?"

小黑: "是的, 有一部分朋友选择继承UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter"

小黑: "继承这个过滤器的话, 我们需要配置很多东西, 比较麻烦"

小白: "为什么要有多余的配置?"

小黑: "你想想, 你自定义的过滤器继承至UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter, 自定义的过滤器和原先的过滤器是同时存在的"

小黑: "没有为你自定义的过滤器配置对应的Configurer, 那么它里面啥也没有全部属性都是默认值, 不说别的, 下面AuthenticationManager至少要配置吧?"

小黑: "他可是没有任何默认值, 这样会导致下面这行代码报错"

小黑: "当然如果你有自定义属于自己的Configurer那没话说, 比如FormLoginConfigurer"

p>小黑: "默认这个函数需要HttpSecurity调用的, 我们自定义的Filter并没有重写Configurer这个环节"

小白: "哦, 我知道了, 那我就是要继承至UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter呢? 我要怎么做?"

小黑: "也行, 这样就可以不用配置AntPathRequestMatcher了"

public class VerifyCodeFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
   @Override
   public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
      HttpSession session = request.getSession();
      String sessionVerifyCode = (String) session.getAttribute(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      String verifyCode = request.getParameter(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      if (StrUtil.isBlank(sessionVerifyCode) || StrUtil.isBlank(verifyCode)
            || !StrUtil.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionVerifyCode, verifyCode)) {
         throw new ValidateCodeException("图片验证码错误, 请重新获取");
      }
      return super.attemptAuthentication(request, response);
   }
}

@Bean
public VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter() throws Exception {
   VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter = new VerifyCodeFilter();
   verifyCodeFilter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationConfiguration.getAuthenticationManager());
   return verifyCodeFilter;
}

小黑: "这样就可以了"

小白: "也不麻烦啊"

小黑: "好吧, 好像是"

小白: "等等, 那SecurityFilterChain呢? 特别是formLogin()函数要怎么配置?"

httpSecurity.formLogin()
      .loginPage(loginPage)
      .loginProcessingUrl(loginUrl)
      .defaultSuccessUrl("/", true)
      .permitAll();
httpSecurity.addFilterBefore(verifyCodeFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

小白: "那我前端表单用户名和密码的input标签的name属性变成user和pwd了呢? 也在上面formLogin上配置?"

小黑: "这里就有区别了, 明显只能在VerifyCodeFilter Bean上配置"

@Bean
public VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter() throws Exception {
   VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter = new VerifyCodeFilter();
   verifyCodeFilter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationConfiguration.getAuthenticationManager());
   verifyCodeFilter.setUsernameParameter("user");
   verifyCodeFilter.setPasswordParameter("pwd");
   return verifyCodeFilter;
}

小白: "我还以为有多麻烦呢, 就这..."

小黑: "额, 主要是spring security的过滤器不能代替, 只能插入某个过滤器前后位置, 所以如果自定义过滤器就需要我们配置一些属性"

认证器方式

小白: "认证器要怎么实现图片验证呢?"

小黑: "说到认证的认证器, 一定要想到DaoAuthenticationProvider"

小黑: "很多人在基于认证器实现图片验证时, 都重写additionalAuthenticationChecks, 这是不对的"

小白: "那应该重写哪个方法 ?"

小黑: "应该重写下面那个函数"

小白: "等一下, 你注意到这个方法的参数了么? 你这要怎么从request中拿验证码?"

小黑: "有别的方法, 看源码"

public class MyDaoAuthenticationProvider extends DaoAuthenticationProvider {
   @Override
   public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
      ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
      assert requestAttributes != null;
      HttpServletRequest request = requestAttributes.getRequest();
      String verifyCode = request.getParameter(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      String sessionVerifyCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      if (StrUtil.isBlank(sessionVerifyCode) && StrUtil.isBlank(verifyCode)
            && !StrUtil.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionVerifyCode, verifyCode)) {
         throw new ValidateCodeException("图片验证码错误, 请重新获取");
      }
      return super.authenticate(authentication);
   }
}

小白: "哦, 我看到了, 没想到还能这样"

小白: "那你现在要怎么加入到Spring Security, 让它代替掉原本的DaoAuthenticationProvider呢?"

小黑: "这里有一个思路, 还记得AuthenticationManager的父子关系吧, 你看到父亲只有一个, 你看到儿子可以有几个?"

小白: "好像是无数个, 那我是不是可以这么写?"

/**
 * 往父类的 AuthenticationManager 里添加 authenticationProvider
 * 在源码里面是这样的AuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = getBeanOrNull(AuthenticationProvider.class);
 *
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
@Bean
public MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() throws Exception {
    MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
    authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
    return authenticationProvider;
}
// 往子类AuthenticationManager里面添加的 authenticationProvider
httpSecurity.authenticationProvider(authenticationProvider());

小黑: "这上面的代码有问题, AuthenticationManger有父类和子类, 上面这段代码同时往父类和子类都添加MyDaoAuthenticationProvider, 这样MyDaoAuthenticationProvider会被执行两次, 但request的流只能执行一次, 会报错"

小黑: "我们可以这么玩"

@Bean
SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    // 代码省略
    // 代码省略
    // 代码省略
    // 代码省略
    // 往子类AuthenticationManager里面添加的 authenticationProvider, 但不能阻止 AuthenticationManger 父类加载 DaoAuthenticationProvider
    AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder = http.getSharedObject(AuthenticationManagerBuilder.class);
    // 但是这种方式可以将 parent Manager 设置为 null, 所以是可以的
    authenticationManagerBuilder.parentAuthenticationManager(null);
    MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
    authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
    authenticationManagerBuilder.authenticationProvider(authenticationProvider);
    http.authenticationManager(authenticationManagerBuilder.build());
    return http.build();
}

小黑: "SecurityFilterChain表示一个Filter集合, 更直接点就是子类的AuthenticationManager"

小黑: "所以这种玩法是给子类AuthenticationManager添加Provider, 但是它需要手动将parent置为 null, 否则父类的DaoAuthenticationProvider还是会执行, 最后报错信息就不对了, 本来应该是验证码错误, 将会变成用户名和密码错误"

小黑: "还有就是, 很多人很喜欢在旧版本像下面这么玩"

@Override
@Bean
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
   MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
   authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
   authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
   return new ProviderManager(authenticationProvider);
}

小黑: "在新版本也类似的这么搞, 但这样是有区别的, 下面这种方式只会加入到spring Bean上下文, 但是不会加入到Spring Security中执行, 他是无效的"

@Bean
public ProviderManager providerManager() throws Exception {
   MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = authenticationProvider();
   return new ProviderManager(authenticationProvider);
}

小黑: "在新版本中, 使用上面那段代码是一点用都没有"

public MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() throws Exception {
   MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
   authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
   authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
   return authenticationProvider;
}
// 往子类AuthenticationManager里面添加的 authenticationProvider
httpSecurity.authenticationProvider(authenticationProvider());

小黑: "上面这样做也是不行, 他还是会存在两个, 一个是MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(子类), 另一个是DaoAuthenticationProvider(父类)"

小白: "那最好的办法是什么?"

小黑: "直接将MyDaoAuthenticationProvider添加到Spring Bean上下文"

@Bean
public MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() throws Exception {
    MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
    authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
    return authenticationProvider;
}

小白: "那还有别的思路么?"

小黑: "还有么? 不清楚了, 万能网友应该知道"

小白: "就这样设置就行了? 其他还需不需要配置?"

小黑: "其他和过滤器方式一致"

总结下

@Bean
public MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() throws Exception {
// 最好的办法就是直接MyDaoAuthenticationProvider加入到Spring Bean里面就行了, 其他都不要
MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
return authenticationProvider;
}

和

@Bean
SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
 // 代码省略
 // 代码省略
 // 代码省略
 // 代码省略
 // 往子类AuthenticationManager里面添加的 authenticationProvider, 但不能阻止 AuthenticationManger 父类加载 DaoAuthenticationProvider
 AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder = http.getSharedObject(AuthenticationManagerBuilder.class);
 // 但是这种方式可以将 parent Manager 设置为 null, 所以是可以的
 authenticationManagerBuilder.parentAuthenticationManager(null);
 MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
 authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
 authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
 authenticationManagerBuilder.authenticationProvider(authenticationProvider);
 http.authenticationManager(authenticationManagerBuilder.build());
 return http.build();
}

都是可以的, 一个往父类的AuthenticationManager添加MyDaoAuthenticationProvider, 另一个往子类添加, 设置父类为null

前后端分离项目

小白: "前后端分离和传统web项目的区别是什么?"

小黑: "请求request和响应response都使用JSON传递数据"

小白: "那我们分析源码时只要关注 request 和 response 咯, 只要发现存在request的读, 和 response的写通通都要重写一边"

小黑: "是的, 其实很简单, 无非是图片验证码改用json读, 认证时的读取username和password也使用json读, 其次是出现异常需要响应response, 也改成json写, 认证成功和失败需要响应到前端也改成json写"

小白: "哦, 那只要分析过源码, 就能够完成前后端分离功能了"

小黑: "所以还讲源码么? "

小白: "不用, 非常简单"

基于过滤器方式

public class VerifyCodeFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
   @Resource
   private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
   /**
    * 很多人这里同时支持前后端分离, 其实不对, 既然是前后端分离就彻底点
    * 但为了跟上潮流, 我这里也搞前后端分离
    *
    * @param request
    * @param response
    * @return
    * @throws AuthenticationException
    */
   @SneakyThrows
   @Override
   public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
      if (!"POST".equals(request.getMethod())) {
         throw new AuthenticationServiceException("Authentication method not supported: " + request.getMethod());
      }
      String contentType = request.getContentType();
      HttpSession session = request.getSession();
      if (MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE.equals(contentType) || MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE.equals(contentType)) {
         Map map = objectMapper.readValue(request.getInputStream(), Map.class);
         imageJSONVerifyCode(session, map);
         String username = (String) map.get(this.getUsernameParameter());
         username = (username != null) ? username.trim() : "";
         String password = (String) map.get(this.getPasswordParameter());
         password = (password != null) ? password : "";
         UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.unauthenticated(username,
               password);
         // Allow subclasses to set the "details" property
         setDetails(request, authRequest);
         return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
      }
      imageVerifyCode(request, session);
      return super.attemptAuthentication(request, response);
   }
   private void imageJSONVerifyCode(HttpSession session, Map map) throws ValidateCodeException {
      String verifyCode = (String) map.get(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      String code = (String) session.getAttribute(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      if (StrUtil.isBlank(verifyCode) || StrUtil.isBlank(code) || !StrUtil.equalsIgnoreCase(verifyCode, code)) {
         throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码错误, 请重新获取验证码");
      }
   }
   private void imageVerifyCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpSession session) throws ValidateCodeException {
      String verifyCode = request.getParameter(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      String code = (String) session.getAttribute(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      if (StrUtil.isBlank(verifyCode) || StrUtil.isBlank(code) || !StrUtil.equalsIgnoreCase(verifyCode, code)) {
         throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码错误, 请重新获取验证码");
      }
   }
}

小白: "为什么你要写imageJSONVerifyCode, imageVerifyCode两个函数? 写一个不就行了?"

小黑: "额, 是的, 把参数改成两个String verifyCode, String code也行"

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {
   @Resource
   private AuthenticationConfiguration authenticationConfiguration;
   @Bean
   PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
      return PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
   }
   @Bean
   public ObjectMapper objectMapper() throws Exception {
      return new ObjectMapper();
   }
   @Bean
   public VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter() throws Exception {
      VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter = new VerifyCodeFilter();
      verifyCodeFilter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationConfiguration.getAuthenticationManager());
      verifyCodeFilter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler((request, response, exception) -> {
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", 401);
         map.put("msg", exception.getMessage());
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      });
      verifyCodeFilter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler((request, response, authentication) -> {
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", 200);
         map.put("msg", "登录成功");
         map.put("user", authentication);
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      });
      return verifyCodeFilter;
   }
   @Bean
   SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
      httpSecurity
            .authorizeHttpRequests()
            .antMatchers(Constants.MATCHERS_LIST)
            .permitAll()
            .anyRequest()
            .authenticated()
      ;
      httpSecurity.formLogin()
            .loginPage(Constants.LOGIN_PAGE)
            .loginProcessingUrl(Constants.LOGIN_PROCESSING_URL)
            .defaultSuccessUrl(Constants.SUCCESS_URL, true)
            .permitAll();
      httpSecurity.logout()
            .clearAuthentication(true)
            .invalidateHttpSession(true)
            .logoutSuccessHandler((request, response, authentication) -> {
               HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
               map.put("status", 200);
               map.put("msg", "注销成功");
               map.put("user", authentication);
               response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
               response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
            });
      httpSecurity.csrf()
            .disable();
      httpSecurity.addFilterAt(verifyCodeFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
      httpSecurity.exceptionHandling()
            .accessDeniedHandler((request, response, accessDeniedException) -> {
               HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
               map.put("status", 401);
               map.put("msg", "您没有权限, 拒绝访问: " + accessDeniedException.getMessage());
//             map.put("msg", "您没有权限, 拒绝访问");
               response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
               response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
            })
            .authenticationEntryPoint((request, response, authException) -> {
               HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
               map.put("status", HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
               map.put("msg", "认证失败, 请重新认证: " + authException.getMessage());
//             map.put("msg", "认证失败, 请重新认证");
               response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
               response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
            });
      return httpSecurity.build();
   }
}

注意这两行代码, 教你怎么在不使用WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter的情况下拿到AuthenticationManager

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class VerifyCodeController {
   @GetMapping("/verify-code")
   public void getVerifyCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws Exception {
      GifCaptcha captcha = CaptchaUtil.createGifCaptcha(Constants.IMAGE_WIDTH, Constants.IMAGE_HEIGHT);
      RandomGenerator randomGenerator = new RandomGenerator(Constants.BASE_STR, Constants.RANDOM_LENGTH);
      captcha.setGenerator(randomGenerator);
      captcha.createCode();
      String code = captcha.getCode();
      session.setAttribute(Constants.VERIFY_CODE, code);
      ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
      captcha.write(outputStream);
      outputStream.flush();
      outputStream.close();
   }
}

@Controller
@Slf4j
public class IndexController {
   @GetMapping("login")
   public String login() {
      return "login";
   }
   @GetMapping("")
   @ResponseBody
   public Principal myIndex(Principal principal) {
      return principal;
   }
}

基于认证器方式

public class MyDaoAuthenticationProvider extends DaoAuthenticationProvider {
   @Resource
   private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
   private final String loginUsername;
   private final String loginPassword;
   public MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(String loginUsername, String loginPassword) {
      this.loginUsername = loginUsername;
      this.loginPassword = loginPassword;
   }
   @SneakyThrows
   @Override
   public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
      ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
      assert requestAttributes != null;
      HttpServletRequest request = requestAttributes.getRequest();
      String contentType = request.getContentType();
      String verifyCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      if (MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE.equals(contentType) || MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE.equals(contentType)) {
         Map map = this.objectMapper.readValue(request.getInputStream(), Map.class);
         String code = (String) map.get(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
         imageVerifyCode(verifyCode, code);
         String username = (String) map.get(loginUsername);
         String password = (String) map.get(loginPassword);
         UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
               .unauthenticated(username, password);
         return super.authenticate(authenticationToken);
      }
      String code = request.getParameter(Constants.VERIFY_CODE);
      imageVerifyCode(verifyCode, code);
      return super.authenticate(authentication);
   }
   private void imageVerifyCode(String verifyCode, String code) throws ValidateCodeException {
      if (StrUtil.isBlank(verifyCode) || StrUtil.isBlank(code) || !StrUtil.equalsIgnoreCase(verifyCode, code)) {
         throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码错误, 请重新获取验证码");
      }
   }
}

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {
   private static final String NOOP_PASSWORD_PREFIX = "{noop}";
   private static final Pattern PASSWORD_ALGORITHM_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("^\\{.+}.*$");
   @Resource
   private SecurityProperties properties;
   @Bean
   PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
      return PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
   }
   @Bean
   public ObjectMapper objectMapper() {
      return new ObjectMapper();
   }
   @Bean
   @Lazy
   public InMemoryUserDetailsManager inMemoryUserDetailsManager() {
      SecurityProperties.User user = properties.getUser();
      List<String> roles = user.getRoles();
      return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(
            User.withUsername(user.getName()).password(getOrDeducePassword(user, passwordEncoder()))
                  .roles(StringUtils.toStringArray(roles)).build());
   }
   private String getOrDeducePassword(SecurityProperties.User user, PasswordEncoder encoder) {
      String password = user.getPassword();
      if (user.isPasswordGenerated()) {
         log.warn(String.format(
               "%n%nUsing generated security password: %s%n%nThis generated password is for development use only. "
                     + "Your security configuration must be updated before running your application in "
                     + "production.%n",
               user.getPassword()));
      }
      if (encoder != null || PASSWORD_ALGORITHM_PATTERN.matcher(password).matches()) {
         return password;
      }
      return NOOP_PASSWORD_PREFIX + password;
   }
   @Bean
   public MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() throws Exception {
      MyDaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new MyDaoAuthenticationProvider(Constants.LOGIN_USERNAME, Constants.LOGIN_PASSWORD);
      authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
      authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(inMemoryUserDetailsManager());
      return authenticationProvider;
   }
   @Bean
   SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
      http
            .authorizeHttpRequests()
            .antMatchers(Constants.MATCHERS_LIST)
            .permitAll()
            .anyRequest()
            .authenticated()
      ;
      http.formLogin()
            .loginPage(Constants.LOGIN_PAGE)
            .loginProcessingUrl(Constants.LOGIN_PROCESSING_URL)
            .successHandler(new MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler())
            .failureHandler(new MyAuthenticationFailureHandler())
            .permitAll();
      http.logout()
            .clearAuthentication(true)
            .invalidateHttpSession(true)
            .logoutSuccessHandler(new MyLogoutSuccessHandler());
      http.csrf()
            .disable();
      http.exceptionHandling(exceptionHandlingConfigurer -> {
         exceptionHandlingConfigurer.authenticationEntryPoint(new MyAuthenticationEntryPoint());
         exceptionHandlingConfigurer.accessDeniedHandler(new MyAccessDeniedHandler());
      })
      ;
      return http.build();
   }
   private static class MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
      @Override
      public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", 200);
         map.put("msg", "认证成功");
         map.put("user_info", authentication.getPrincipal());
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      }
   }
   private static class MyAuthenticationFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
      @Override
      public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
         log.error("认证失败", exception);
         exception.printStackTrace();
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", 401);
         map.put("msg", "认证失败");
         map.put("exception", exception.getMessage());
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      }
   }
   private static class MyAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
      @Override
      public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
         log.error("认证失效", authException);
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
         map.put("msg", "认证失败, 请重新认证: " + authException.getMessage());
//             map.put("msg", "认证失败, 请重新认证");
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      }
   }
   private static class MyAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
      @Override
      public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {
         log.error("没有权限", accessDeniedException);
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", 401);
         map.put("msg", "您没有权限, 拒绝访问: " + accessDeniedException.getMessage());
//             map.put("msg", "您没有权限, 拒绝访问");
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      }
   }
   private static class MyLogoutSuccessHandler implements LogoutSuccessHandler {
      @Override
      public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("status", 200);
         map.put("msg", "注销成功");
         map.put("user", authentication);
         response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
         response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(map));
      }
   }
}

以上就是Spring Security实现添加图片验证功能的详细内容，更多关于Spring Security添加图片验证的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章！

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