C#游戏开发之实现贪吃蛇游戏
作者：芝麻粒儿
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了C#如何实现经典贪吃蛇游戏，文中的示例代码讲解详细，对我们学习C#有一定的帮助，感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起了解一下
实践过程
效果
代码
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public static bool ifStart = false;//判断是否开始
public static int career = 400;//移动的速度
Snake snake = new Snake();//实例化Snake类
int snake_W = 20;//骨节的宽度
int snake_H = 20;//骨节的高度
public static bool pause = false;//是否暂停游戏
/// <summary>
/// 绘制游戏场景
/// </summary>
/// <param g="Graphics">封装一个GDI+绘图图面</param>
public void ProtractTable(Graphics g)
{
for (int i = 0; i <= panel1.Width / snake_W; i++)//绘制单元格的纵向线
{
g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 1), new Point(i * snake_W, 0), new Point(i * snake_W, panel1.Height));
}
for (int i = 0; i <= panel1.Height / snake_H; i++)//绘制单元格的横向线
{
g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 1), new Point(0, i * snake_H), new Point(panel1.Width, i * snake_H));
}
}
private void panel1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
Graphics g = panel1.CreateGraphics();//创建panel1控件的Graphics类
ProtractTable(g);//绘制游戏场景
if (!ifStart)//如是没有开始游戏
{
Snake.timer = timer1;
Snake.label = label2;
snake.Ophidian(panel1, snake_W);//初始化场地及贪吃蛇信息
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < Snake.List.Count; i++)//绘制蛇身
{
e.Graphics.FillRectangle(Snake.SolidB, ((Point)Snake.List[i]).X + 1, ((Point)Snake.List[i]).Y + 1, snake_W - 1, snake_H - 1);
}
e.Graphics.FillRectangle(Snake.SolidF, Snake.Food.X + 1, Snake.Food.Y + 1, snake_W - 1, snake_H - 1);//绘制食物
if (Snake.ifGame)//如果游戏结束
//绘制提示文本
e.Graphics.DrawString("Game Over", new Font("宋体", 30, FontStyle.Bold), new SolidBrush(Color.DarkSlateGray), new PointF(150, 130));
}
}
private void 开始ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
NoviceCortrol(Convert.ToInt32(((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Tag.ToString()));
snake.BuildFood();
textBox1.Focus();
}
/// <summary>
/// 控制游戏的开始、暂停和结束
/// </summary>
/// <param n="int">标识</param>
public void NoviceCortrol(int n)
{
switch (n)
{
case 1://开始游戏
{
ifStart = false;
Graphics g = panel1.CreateGraphics();//创建panel1控件的Graphics类
g.FillRectangle(Snake.SolidD, 0, 0, panel1.Width, panel1.Height);//刷新游戏场地
ProtractTable(g);//绘制游戏场地
ifStart = true;//开始游戏
snake.Ophidian(panel1, snake_W);//初始化场地及贪吃蛇信息
timer1.Interval = career;//设置贪吃蛇移动的速度
timer1.Start();//启动计时器
pause = true;//是否暂停游戏
label2.Text = "0";//显示当前分数
break;
}
case 2://暂停游戏
{
if (pause)//如果游戏正在运行
{
ifStart = true;//游戏正在开始
timer1.Stop();//停止计时器
pause = false;//当前已暂停游戏
}
else
{
ifStart = true;//游戏正在开始
timer1.Start();//启动计时器
pause = true;//开始游戏
}
break;
}
case 3://退出游戏
{
timer1.Stop();//停止计时器
Application.Exit();//半闭工程
break;
}
}
}
private void 初级ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (timer1.Enabled == false)//如果游戏没有开始
{
初级ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;//设置该项没有被选中
中级ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;//设置该项没有被选中
高级ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;//设置该项没有被选中
((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Checked = true;//设置当前项被选中
switch (Convert.ToInt32(((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Tag.ToString()))
{
case 1://高级
{
career = 400;//设置移动的速度
break;
}
case 2://中级
{
career = 200;
break;
}
case 3://初
{
career = 50;
break;
}
}
}
textBox1.Focus();//获得焦点
}
private void Form1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
int tem_n = -1;//记录移动键值
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Right)//如果按→键
tem_n = 0;//向右移
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Left)//如果按←键
tem_n = 1;//向左移
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Up)//如果按↑键
tem_n = 2;//向上移
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Down)//如果按↓键
tem_n = 3;//向下移
if (tem_n != -1 && tem_n != Snake.Aspect)//如果移动的方向不是相同方向
{
if (Snake.ifGame == false)
{
//如果移动的方向不是相反的方向
if (!((tem_n == 0 && Snake.Aspect == 1 || tem_n == 1 && Snake.Aspect == 0) || (tem_n == 2 && Snake.Aspect == 3 || tem_n == 3 && Snake.Aspect == 2)))
{
Snake.Aspect = tem_n;//记录移动的方向
snake.SnakeMove(tem_n);//移动贪吃蛇
}
}
}
int tem_p = -1;//记录控制键值
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.F2)//如果按F2键
tem_p = 1;//开始游戏
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.F3)//如果按F3键
tem_p = 2;//暂停或继续游戏
if (e.KeyCode == Keys.F4)//如果按F4键
tem_p = 3;//关闭游戏
if (tem_p != -1)//如果当前是操作标识
NoviceCortrol(tem_p);//控制游戏的开始、暂止和关闭
}
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
snake.SnakeMove(Snake.Aspect);//移动贪吃蛇
}
}
partial class Form1
{
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();
this.menuStrip1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip();
this.设置ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.控制ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
this.timer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer(this.components);
this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.menuStrip1.SuspendLayout();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// menuStrip1
//
this.menuStrip1.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.设置ToolStripMenuItem,
this.控制ToolStripMenuItem});
this.menuStrip1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.menuStrip1.Name = "menuStrip1";
this.menuStrip1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(525, 24);
this.menuStrip1.TabIndex = 0;
this.menuStrip1.Text = "menuStrip1";
//
// 设置ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.设置ToolStripMenuItem.DropDownItems.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem,
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem,
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem});
this.设置ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "设置ToolStripMenuItem";
this.设置ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 20);
this.设置ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "设置";
//
// 初级ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.CheckState = System.Windows.Forms.CheckState.Checked;
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "初级ToolStripMenuItem";
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(94, 22);
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.Tag = "1";
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "初级";
this.初级ToolStripMenuItem.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.初级ToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// 中级ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "中级ToolStripMenuItem";
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(94, 22);
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem.Tag = "2";
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "中级";
this.中级ToolStripMenuItem.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.初级ToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// 高级ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "高级ToolStripMenuItem";
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(94, 22);
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem.Tag = "3";
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "高级";
this.高级ToolStripMenuItem.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.初级ToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// 控制ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.控制ToolStripMenuItem.DropDownItems.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem,
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem,
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem});
this.控制ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "控制ToolStripMenuItem";
this.控制ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 20);
this.控制ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "控制";
//
// 开始ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "开始ToolStripMenuItem";
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(130, 22);
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem.Tag = "1";
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "开始 &F2";
this.开始ToolStripMenuItem.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.开始ToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// 暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem";
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(130, 22);
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem.Tag = "2";
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "暂停 &F3";
this.暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.开始ToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// 退出F4ToolStripMenuItem
//
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem.Name = "退出F4ToolStripMenuItem";
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(130, 22);
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem.Tag = "3";
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem.Text = "退出 &F4";
this.退出F4ToolStripMenuItem.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.开始ToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// panel1
//
this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 37);
this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(501, 401);
this.panel1.TabIndex = 1;
this.panel1.Paint += new System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventHandler(this.panel1_Paint);
//
// timer1
//
this.timer1.Interval = 400;
this.timer1.Tick += new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick);
//
// textBox1
//
this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(245, 513);
this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 21);
this.textBox1.TabIndex = 2;
this.textBox1.KeyDown += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler(this.Form1_KeyDown);
//
// label1
//
this.label1.AutoSize = true;
this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 448);
this.label1.Name = "label1";
this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 12);
this.label1.TabIndex = 3;
this.label1.Text = "分数：";
//
// label2
//
this.label2.AutoSize = true;
this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(59, 448);
this.label2.Name = "label2";
this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(11, 12);
this.label2.TabIndex = 4;
this.label2.Text = "0";
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(525, 469);
this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
this.Controls.Add(this.menuStrip1);
this.MainMenuStrip = this.menuStrip1;
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "贪吃蛇";
this.KeyDown += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler(this.Form1_KeyDown);
this.menuStrip1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.menuStrip1.PerformLayout();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip menuStrip1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 设置ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 初级ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 中级ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 高级ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 控制ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 开始ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 暂停F3ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem 退出F4ToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
}
/**
* https://zhima.blog.csdn.net/
*/
class Snake
{
public static int Condyle = 0;//设置骨节的大小
public static int Aspect = 0;//设置方向
public static Point[] Place = { new Point(-1, -1), new Point(-1, -1), new Point(-1, -1), new Point(-1, -1), new Point(-1, -1), new Point(-1, -1) };//设置个骨节的位置
public static Point Food = new Point(-1, -1);//设置食物的所在点
public static bool ifFood = false;//是否有食物
public static bool ifGame = false;//游戏是否结束
public static int Field_width = 0;//场地的宽度
public static int Field_Height = 0;//场地的高度
public static Control control;//记录绘制贪吃蛇的控件
public static Timer timer;//记录Timer组件
public static SolidBrush SolidB = new SolidBrush(Color.Red);//设置贪吃蛇身体的颜色
public static SolidBrush SolidD = new SolidBrush(Color.LightCoral);//设置背景颜色
public static SolidBrush SolidF = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);//设置食物的颜色
public static Label label;//记录Label控件
public static ArrayList List = new ArrayList();//实例化ArrayList数组
Graphics g;//实例化Graphics类
/// <summary>
/// 初始化场地及贪吃蛇的信息
/// </summary>
/// <param Con="Control">控件</param>
/// <param condyle="int">骨节大小</param>
public void Ophidian(Control Con, int condyle)
{
Field_width = Con.Width;//获取场地的宽度
Field_Height = Con.Height;//获取场地的高度
Condyle = condyle;//记录骨节的大小
control = Con;//记录背景控件
g = control.CreateGraphics();//创建背景控件的Graphics类
SolidD = new SolidBrush(Con.BackColor);//设置画刷颜色
for (int i = 0; i < Place.Length; i++)//绘制贪吃蛇
{
Place[i].X = (Place.Length - i - 1) * Condyle;//设置骨节的横坐标位置
Place[i].Y = (Field_Height / 2) - Condyle;//设置骨节的纵坐标位置
g.FillRectangle(SolidB, Place[i].X + 1, Place[i].Y + 1, Condyle - 1, Condyle - 1);//绘制骨节
}
List = new ArrayList(Place);//记录每个骨节的位置
ifGame = false;//停止游戏
Aspect = 0;//设置方向为右
}
/// <summary>
/// 移动贪吃蛇
/// </summary>
/// <param n="int">标识，判断的移动的方向</param>
public void SnakeMove(int n)
{
Point tem_Point = new Point(-1, -1);//定义坐标结构
switch (n)
{
case 0://右移
{
tem_Point.X = ((Point)List[0]).X + Condyle;//蛇头向右移
tem_Point.Y = ((Point)List[0]).Y;
break;
}
case 1://左移
{
tem_Point.X = ((Point)List[0]).X - Condyle;//蛇头向左移
tem_Point.Y = ((Point)List[0]).Y;
break;
}
case 2://上移
{
tem_Point.Y = ((Point)List[0]).Y - Condyle;//蛇头向上移
tem_Point.X = ((Point)List[0]).X;
break;
}
case 3://下移
{
tem_Point.Y = ((Point)List[0]).Y + Condyle;//蛇头向下移
tem_Point.X = ((Point)List[0]).X;
break;
}
}
BuildFood();//生成食物
if (!EstimateMove(tem_Point))//如果没有向相反的方向移动
{
Aspect = n;//改变贪吃蛇的移动方向
if (!GameAborted(tem_Point))//如果游戏没有结束
{
ProtractSnake(tem_Point);//重新绘制蛇身
EatFood();//吃食
}
g.FillRectangle(SolidF, Food.X + 1, Food.Y + 1, Condyle - 1, Condyle - 1);//绘制食物
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 吃食
/// </summary>
public void EatFood()
{
if (((Point)List[0]) == Food)//如果蛇头吃到了食物
{
List.Add(List[List.Count - 1]);//在蛇的尾部添加蛇身
ifFood = false;//没有食物
BuildFood();//生成食物
label.Text = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToInt32(label.Text) + 5);//显示当前分数
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 游戏是否失败
/// </summary>
/// <param GameP="Point">设置文本的显示位置</param>
public bool GameAborted(Point GameP)
{
bool tem_b = false;//游戏是否结束
bool tem_body = false;//记录蛇身是否重叠
for (int i = 1; i < List.Count; i++)//遍历所有骨节
{
if (((Point)List[0]) == ((Point)List[i]))//如是骨节重叠
tem_body = true;//游戏失败
}
//判断蛇头是否超出游戏场地
if (GameP.X <= -20 || GameP.X >= control.Width - 1 || GameP.Y <= -20 || GameP.Y >= control.Height - 1 || tem_body)
{
//绘制游戏结束的提示文本
g.DrawString("Game Over", new Font("宋体", 30, FontStyle.Bold), new SolidBrush(Color.DarkSlateGray), new PointF(150, 130));
ifGame = true;//游戏结束
timer.Stop();//停止记时器
tem_b = true;
}
return tem_b;
}
/// <summary>
/// 判断蛇是否向相反的方向移动
/// </summary>
/// <param Ep="Point">移动的下一步位置</param>
public bool EstimateMove(Point Ep)
{
bool tem_bool = false;//记录蛇头是否向相反的方向移动
if (Ep.X == ((Point)List[0]).X && Ep.Y == ((Point)List[0]).Y)//如果蛇头向相反的方向移动
tem_bool = true;
return tem_bool;
}
/// <summary>
/// 重新绘制蛇身
/// </summary>
public void ProtractSnake(Point Ep)
{
bool tem_bool = false;//是否清除移动后的蛇身
List.Insert(0, Ep);//根据蛇头的移动方向，设置蛇头的位置
Point tem_point = ((Point)List[List.Count-1]);//记录蛇尾的位置
List.RemoveAt(List.Count - 1);//移除蛇的尾部
//使骨节向前移动一位
for (int i = 0; i < List.Count - 1; i++)
{
if (tem_point == ((Point)List[i]))
tem_bool = true;
}
if (!tem_bool)//清除贪吃蛇移动前的蛇尾部份
g.FillRectangle(SolidD, tem_point.X + 1, tem_point.Y + 1, Condyle - 1, Condyle - 1);
for (int i = 0; i < List.Count; i++)//重新绘制蛇身
{
g.FillRectangle(SolidB, ((Point)List[0]).X + 1, ((Point)List[0]).Y + 1, Condyle - 1, Condyle - 1);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成食物
/// </summary>
public void BuildFood()
{
if (ifFood == false)//如果没有食物
{
Point tem_p = new Point(-1, -1);//定义坐标结构
bool tem_bool = true;//是否计算出食物的合位置
bool tem_b = false;//判断食物是否和蛇身重叠
while (tem_bool)//计算食物的显示位置
{
tem_b = false;
tem_p = RectFood();//随机生成食物的位置
for (int i = 0; i < List.Count; i++)//遍历整个蛇身的位置
{
if (((Point)List[i]) == tem_p)//如果食物是否和蛇身重叠
{
tem_b = true;//记录重叠
break;
}
}
if (tem_b == false)//如果没有重叠
tem_bool = false;//退出循环
}
Food = tem_p;//记录食物的显示位置
}
ifFood = true;//有食物
}
/// <summary>
/// 随机生成食物的节点
/// </summary>
public Point RectFood()
{
int tem_W = Field_width / 20;//获取场地的行数
int tem_H = Field_Height / 20;//获取场地的列数
Random RandW = new Random();//实例化Random类
tem_W=RandW.Next(0, tem_W - 1);//生成食物的横向坐标
Random RandH = new Random();//实例化Random类
tem_H = RandH.Next(0, tem_H - 1);//生成食物的纵向坐标
Point tme_P = new Point(tem_W * Condyle, tem_H * Condyle);//生成食物的显示位置
return tme_P;
}
}
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