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GraphQL在Django中的使用教程

作者：Mr.Lee jack

这篇文章主要介绍了GraphQL在Django中的使用教程,本文结合示例代码给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下

简介

特点

文档

Graphene-Python

GraphQL | A query language for your API

背景

实际问题

问题

安装

pip install graphene-django

django配置

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.staticfiles", 
    "graphene_django"
    ]
GRAPHENE = {
    "SCHEMA": "test_api.schema.schema" # 下文中需要定义schema.py文件
}

Demo

定义数据库模型

from django.db import models


class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, help_text="名称")
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)


class Ingredient(models.Model):
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, help_text="名称")
    notes = models.TextField(help_text="笔记")
    category = models.ForeignKey(
        Category, related_name="category", on_delete=models.CASCADE
    )

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

定义serializer

from graphene_django.rest_framework.mutation import SerializerMutation
from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer

from ..models import Category, Ingredient


class CategorySerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Category
        fields = "__all__"


class IngredientSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Ingredient
        fields = "__all__"

定义接口

import graphene
from graphene import relay
from graphene_django import DjangoObjectType
from graphene_django.filter import DjangoFilterConnectionField
from graphene_django.rest_framework.mutation import SerializerMutation

from ..models import Category, Ingredient

from ..serializer import CategorySerializer, IngredientSerializer


# 为查询添加查询总数
class CountableConnectionBase(relay.Connection):
    class Meta:
        abstract = True

    total_count = graphene.Int()

    def resolve_total_count(self, info, **kwargs):
        return self.iterable.count()


# Ingredient 查看过滤
class IngredientFilter(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Ingredient
        fields = "__all__"
        filter_fields = {
            "name": ['exact', "contains", "istartswith"],
            "category": ["exact"],
            'category__name': ['exact'],
        }
        interfaces = (relay.Node,)
        connection_class = CountableConnectionBase

    extra_field = graphene.String()

    def resolve_extra_field(self: Ingredient, info):
        return "hello!" + str(self.id)


# CategoryFilter 查询过滤
class CategoryFilter(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Category
        fields = "__all__"
        filter_fields = {
            "name": ['exact', "contains", "istartswith"],
        }
        interfaces = (relay.Node,)
        connection_class = CountableConnectionBase


# CategoryMutation 修改或新增
class CategoryMutation(SerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = CategorySerializer


# IngredientMutation 修改或新增
class IngredientMutation(SerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = IngredientSerializer


# 汇总query接口
class ApiQuery(graphene.ObjectType):
    search_category = DjangoFilterConnectionField(CategoryFilter)
    search_ingredient = DjangoFilterConnectionField(IngredientFilter)


# 汇总操作类接口
class ApiMutation(graphene.ObjectType):
    update_category = CategoryMutation.Field()
    update_ingredient = IngredientMutation.Field()

汇总所有接口

import graphene

from .api import ApiQuery, ApiMutation


class Query(ApiQuery):
    # 新增时提供多继承即可
    pass


class Mutation(ApiMutation):
    # 新增时提供多继承即可
    pass


schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query, mutation=Mutation)

启动

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080

接口文档

总结

到此这篇关于GraphQL在Django中的使用教程的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关GraphQL在Django中的使用内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！

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