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React框架核心原理全面深入解析

作者：夏天的味道123

React是前端开发每天都用的前端框架，自然要深入掌握它的原理。我用 React 也挺久了，这篇文章就来总结一下我对 react 原理的理解，有需要的朋友可以借鉴参考下，希望能够有所帮助

前言

这篇文章循序渐进地介绍实现以下几个概念，遵循本篇文章基本就能搞懂为啥需要fiber，为啥需要commit和phases、reconciliation阶段等原理。本篇文章又不完全和原文一致，这里会加入我自己的一些思考，比如经过performUnitOfWork处理后fiber tree和element tree的联系等。

第一章 基本概念

以下面代码为例

// 1.jsx语法不是合法的js语法
// const element = <h1 title="foo">Hello</h1>
// 2.经babel等编译工具将jsx转换成js，将jsx转换成createElement函数调用的方式
// const element = React.createElement(
//   "h1",
//   { title: "foo" },
//   "Hello"
// )
// 3.React.createElement返回的最终对象大致如下：
const element = {
  type: "h1",
  props: {
    title: "foo",
    children: "Hello",
  },
}
const container = document.getElementById("root")
// ReactDOM.render(element, container)
// 4.替换ReactDOM.render函数的逻辑，ReactDOM.render大致处理逻辑：
const node = document.createElement(element.type)
node['title'] = element.props.title
const text = document.createTextNode("")
text["nodeValue"] = element.props.children
node.appendChild(text)
container.appendChild(node)

为了避免歧义，这里使用 element 表示 React elements，node 表示真实的DOM元素节点。

至此，这段代码无需经过任何编译已经能够在浏览器上跑起来了，不信你可以复制到浏览器控制台试试

这里有几点需要注意：

第二章 createElement 函数

以下面的代码为例

React.createElement接收的children有可能是原子值，比如字符串或者数字等，React.createElement('h1', {title: 'foo'}, 'Hello')。为了简化我们的代码，创建一个特殊的TEXT_ELEMENT 类型将其转换成对象

参考React实战视频讲解：进入学习

React.createElement = (type, props, ...children) => {
  return {
    type,
    props: {
      ...props,
      children: children.map(child => {
        if(typeof child === 'object'){
          return child
        }
        return {
          type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
          props: {
            nodeValue: child,
            children: [],
          }
        }
      })
    }
  }
}
// const element = (
//   <div id="foo">
//     <a>bar</a>
//     <b />
//   </div>
// )
// 将jsx转换成js语法
const element = React.createElement(
  "div",
  { id: "foo" },
  React.createElement("a", null, "bar"),
  React.createElement("b")
)
const container = document.getElementById("root")
ReactDOM.render(element, container)

好了，现在我们已经实现了一个简单的createElement函数，我们可以通过一段特殊的注释来告诉babel在将jsx转换成js时使用我们自己的createElement函数：

const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  }
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const element = (
  <div id="foo">
    <a>bar</a>
    <b />
  </div>
)
console.log('element======', element)
const container = document.getElementById("root")
ReactDOM.render(element, container)

第三章 render函数

import React from 'react';
function render(element, container) {
  const dom = element.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(element.type)
  const isProperty = key => key !== 'children'
  Object.keys(element.props)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = element.props[name]
    })
  element.props.children.forEach(child => {
    render(child, dom)
  });
  container.appendChild(dom)
}
const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  },
  render
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const element = (
  <div id="foo">
    <a>bar</a>
    <b />
  </div>
)
console.log('element======', element)
const container = document.getElementById("root")
MiniReact.render(element, container)

render函数递归创建真实的dom元素，然后将各个元素append到其父元素中，最后整个dom树append到root container中，渲染完成，这个过程一旦开始，中间是无法打断的，直到整个应用渲染完成。这也是React16版本以前的渲染过程

注意，只有当整个dom树append到root container中时，页面才会显示

第四章 Concurrent Mode

在第三章中可以看到，当前版本的render函数是递归构建dom树，最后才append到root container，最终页面才渲染出来。这里有个问题，如果dom节点数量庞大，递归层级过深，这个过程其实是很耗时的，导致render函数长时间占用主线程，浏览器无法响应用户输入等事件，造成卡顿的现象。

因此我们需要将render过程拆分成小的任务单元，每执行完一个单元，都允许浏览器打断render过程并执行高优先级的任务，等浏览器得空再继续执行render过程

如果对requestIdleCallback不熟悉的，可以自行了解一下。真实React代码中并没有使用这个api，因为有兼容性问题。因此React使用scheduler package模拟这个调度过程

let nextUnitOfWork = null
function workLoop(deadline) {
  let shouldYield = false
  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {
    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(
      nextUnitOfWork
    )
    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1
  }
  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) {
  // TODO
}

performUnitOfWork接收当前工作单元，并返回下一个工作单元。工作单元可以理解为就是一个fiber对象节点

workLoop循环里会循环调用performUnitOfWork，直到所有工作单元都已经处理完毕，或者当前帧浏览器已经没有空闲时间，则循环终止。等下次浏览器空闲时间再接着继续执行

因此我们需要一种数据结构，能够支持任务打断并且可以接着继续执行，很显然，链表就非常适合

第五章 Fibers

Fibers就是一种数据结构，支持将渲染过程拆分成工作单元，本质上就是一个双向链表。这种数据结构的好处就是方便找到下一个工作单元

Fiber包含三层含义：

Fiber的几点冷知识：

以下面代码为例：

MiniReact.render(
  <div>
    <h1>
      <p />
      <a />
    </h1>
    <h2 />
  </div>,
  container
)

对应的fiber tree如下：

import React from 'react';
// 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点
function createDom(fiber) {
  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
  const isProperty = key => key !== 'children'
  Object.keys(fiber.props)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = fiber.props[name]
    })
  return dom
}
let nextUnitOfWork = null
// render函数主要逻辑：
//   根据root container容器创建root fiber
//   将nextUnitOfWork指针指向root fiber
//   element是react element tree
function render(element, container){
  nextUnitOfWork = {
    dom: container,
    props: {
      children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树
    },
  }
}
function workLoop(deadline) {
  let shouldYield = false
  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {
    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork)
    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1
  }
  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
// performUnitOfWork函数主要逻辑：
//   将element元素添加到DOM
//   给element的子元素创建对应的fiber节点
//   返回下一个工作单元，即下一个fiber节点，查找过程：
//      1.如果有子元素，则返回子元素的fiber节点
//      2.如果没有子元素，则返回兄弟元素的fiber节点
//      3.如果既没有子元素又没有兄弟元素，则往上查找其父节点的兄弟元素的fiber节点
//      4.如果往上查找到root fiber节点，说明render过程已经结束
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) {
  // 第一步 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点，并保存在fiber.dom属性中
  if(!fiber.dom){
    fiber.dom = createDom(fiber)
  }
  // 第二步 将当前fiber节点的真实dom添加到父节点中，注意，这一步是会触发浏览器回流重绘的！！！
  if(fiber.parent){
    fiber.parent.dom.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  }
  // 第三步 给子元素创建对应的fiber节点
  const children = fiber.props.children
  let prevSibling
  children.forEach((child, index) => {
    const newFiber = {
      type: child.type,
      props: child.props,
      parent: fiber,
      dom: null
    }
    if(index === 0){
      fiber.child = newFiber
    } else {
      prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
    }
    prevSibling = newFiber
  })
  // 第四步，查找下一个工作单元
  if(fiber.child){
    return fiber.child
  }
  let nextFiber = fiber
  while(nextFiber){
    if(nextFiber.sibling){
      return nextFiber.sibling
    }
    nextFiber = nextFiber.parent
  }
}
const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  },
  render
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const element = (
  <div>
    <h1>
      <p />
      <a />
    </h1>
    <h2 />
  </div>
)
// const element = (
//   <div id="foo">
//     <a>bar</a>
//     <b />
//   </div>
// )
console.log('element======', element)
const container = document.getElementById("root")
MiniReact.render(element, container)

这里有一点值得细品，React.createElement返回的element tree和performUnitOfWork创建的fiber tree有什么联系。如下图所示：

第六章 Render and Commit Phases

第五章的performUnitOfWork有些问题，在第二步中我们直接将新创建的真实dom节点挂载到了容器上，这样会带来两个问题：

我们需要改造一下我们的代码，在performUnitOfWork阶段不把真实的dom节点挂载到容器上。保存fiber tree根节点的引用。等到fiber tree构建完成，再一次性提交真实的dom节点并且添加到容器上。

import React from 'react';
function createDom(fiber) {
  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
  const isProperty = key => key !== 'children'
  Object.keys(fiber.props)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = fiber.props[name]
    })
  return dom
}
let nextUnitOfWork = null
let wipRoot = null
function render(element, container){
  wipRoot = {
    dom: container,
    props: {
      children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树
    },
  }
  nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot
}
function commitRoot(){
  commitWork(wipRoot.child)
  wipRoot = null
}
function commitWork(fiber){
  if(!fiber){
    return
  }
  const domParent = fiber.parent.dom;
  domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  commitWork(fiber.child)
  commitWork(fiber.sibling)
}
function workLoop(deadline) {
  let shouldYield = false
  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {
    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork)
    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1
  }
  if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){
    commitRoot()
  }
  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) {
  // 第一步 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点，并保存在fiber.dom属性中
  if(!fiber.dom){
    fiber.dom = createDom(fiber)
  }
  // 第二步 将当前fiber节点的真实dom添加到父节点中，注意，这一步是会触发浏览器回流重绘的！！！
  // if(fiber.parent){
  //   fiber.parent.dom.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  // }
  // 第三步 给子元素创建对应的fiber节点
  const children = fiber.props.children
  let prevSibling
  children.forEach((child, index) => {
    const newFiber = {
      type: child.type,
      props: child.props,
      parent: fiber,
      dom: null
    }
    if(index === 0){
      fiber.child = newFiber
    } else {
      prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
    }
    prevSibling = newFiber
  })
  // 第四步，查找下一个工作单元
  if(fiber.child){
    return fiber.child
  }
  let nextFiber = fiber
  while(nextFiber){
    if(nextFiber.sibling){
      return nextFiber.sibling
    }
    nextFiber = nextFiber.parent
  }
}
const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  },
  render
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const element = (
  <div>
    <h1>
      <p />
      <a />
    </h1>
    <h2 />
  </div>
)
// const element = (
//   <div id="foo">
//     <a>bar</a>
//     <b />
//   </div>
// )
console.log('element======', element)
const container = document.getElementById("root")
MiniReact.render(element, container)

第七章 Reconciliation

目前为止，我们只考虑添加dom节点到容器上这一单一场景，更新删除还没实现。

我们需要对比最新的React Element Tree和最近一次的Fiber Tree的差异

我们需要给每个fiber节点添加一个alternate属性来保存旧的fiber节点

alternate保存的旧的fiber节点主要有以下几个用途:

  const children = fiber.props.children
  reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
  function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) {
    let index = 0
    let oldFiber = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child
    let prevSibling = null
    while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) {
      const element = elements[index]
      let newFiber = null
      const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
      if (sameType) {
        newFiber = {
          type: oldFiber.type,
          props: element.props,
          dom: oldFiber.dom,
          parent: wipFiber,
          alternate: oldFiber,
          effectTag: "UPDATE",
        }
      }
      if (element && !sameType) {
        newFiber = {
          type: element.type,
          props: element.props,
          dom: null,
          parent: wipFiber,
          alternate: null,
          effectTag: "PLACEMENT",
        }
      }
      if (oldFiber && !sameType) {
        oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION"
        deletions.push(oldFiber)
      }
      if (oldFiber) {
        oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling
      }
      if (index === 0) {
        wipFiber.child = newFiber
      } else if (element) {
        prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
      }
      prevSibling = newFiber
      index++
    }
}

如上代码所示：

协调过程：

注意，协调过程，还是以最新的React Element Tree为主去创建一个新的fiber tree，只不过是新的fiber节点复用旧的fiber节点的真实dom元素，毕竟频繁创建真实dom是很消耗内存的。新的fiber节点还是会保存着对旧的fiber节点的引用，方便在commit阶段进行新属性和旧属性的比较。这里会有个问题，如果新fiber节点保留旧fiber节点的引用，那么随着更新次数越来越多，旧的fiber tree是不是也会越来越多，如何销毁？

import React from 'react';
function createDom(fiber) {
  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
  updateDom(dom, {}, fiber.props)
  return dom
}
let nextUnitOfWork = null
let wipRoot = null // 保存着对root fiber的引用
let currentRoot = null // 保存着当前页面对应的fiber tree
let deletions = null
function render(element, container){
  wipRoot = {
    dom: container,
    props: {
      children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树
    },
    alternate: currentRoot,
  }
  deletions = []
  nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot
}
function commitRoot(){
  deletions.forEach(commitWork)
  commitWork(wipRoot.child)
  currentRoot = wipRoot
  wipRoot = null
}
const isEvent = key => key.startsWith("on")
const isProperty = key => key !== "children" && !isEvent(key)
const isNew = (prev, next) => key => prev[key] !== next[key]
const isGone = (prev, next) => key => !(key in next)
function updateDom(dom, prevProps, nextProps) {
  //Remove old or changed event listeners
  Object.keys(prevProps)
    .filter(isEvent)
    .filter(
      key =>
        !(key in nextProps) ||
        isNew(prevProps, nextProps)(key)
    )
    .forEach(name => {
      const eventType = name
        .toLowerCase()
        .substring(2)
      dom.removeEventListener(
        eventType,
        prevProps[name]
      )
    })
  // Remove old properties
  Object.keys(prevProps)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .filter(isGone(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = ""
    })
  // Set new or changed properties
  Object.keys(nextProps)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = nextProps[name]
    })
  // Add event listeners
  Object.keys(nextProps)
    .filter(isEvent)
    .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      const eventType = name
        .toLowerCase()
        .substring(2)
      dom.addEventListener(
        eventType,
        nextProps[name]
      )
    })
}
function commitWork(fiber){
  if(!fiber){
    return
  }
  const domParent = fiber.parent.dom;
  if (fiber.effectTag === "PLACEMENT" && fiber.dom != null) {
    domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  } else if (fiber.effectTag === "UPDATE" && fiber.dom != null) {
    updateDom(
      fiber.dom,
      fiber.alternate.props,
      fiber.props
    )
  } else if (fiber.effectTag === "DELETION") {
    domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom)
  }
  commitWork(fiber.child)
  commitWork(fiber.sibling)
}
function workLoop(deadline) {
  let shouldYield = false
  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {
    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork)
    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1
  }
  if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){
    commitRoot()
  }
  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) {
  let index = 0
  let oldFiber =
      wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child
  let prevSibling = null
  while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) {
    const element = elements[index]
    let newFiber = null
    const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
    if (sameType) {
      newFiber = {
        type: oldFiber.type,
        props: element.props,
        dom: oldFiber.dom,
        parent: wipFiber,
        alternate: oldFiber,
        effectTag: "UPDATE",
      }
    }
    if (element && !sameType) {
      newFiber = {
        type: element.type,
        props: element.props,
        dom: null,
        parent: wipFiber,
        alternate: null,
        effectTag: "PLACEMENT",
      }
    }
    if (oldFiber && !sameType) {
      oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION"
      deletions.push(oldFiber)
    }
    if (oldFiber) {
      oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling
    }
    if (index === 0) {
      wipFiber.child = newFiber
    } else if (element) {
      prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
    }
    prevSibling = newFiber
    index++
  }
}
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) {
  // 第一步 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点，并保存在fiber.dom属性中
  if(!fiber.dom){
    fiber.dom = createDom(fiber)
  }
  // 第二步 将当前fiber节点的真实dom添加到父节点中，注意，这一步是会触发浏览器回流重绘的！！！
  // if(fiber.parent){
  //   fiber.parent.dom.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  // }
  // 第三步 给子元素创建对应的fiber节点
  const children = fiber.props.children
  // let prevSibling
  // children.forEach((child, index) => {
  //   const newFiber = {
  //     type: child.type,
  //     props: child.props,
  //     parent: fiber,
  //     dom: null
  //   }
  //   if(index === 0){
  //     fiber.child = newFiber
  //   } else {
  //     prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
  //   }
  //   prevSibling = newFiber
  // })
  reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
  // 第四步，查找下一个工作单元
  if(fiber.child){
    return fiber.child
  }
  let nextFiber = fiber
  while(nextFiber){
    if(nextFiber.sibling){
      return nextFiber.sibling
    }
    nextFiber = nextFiber.parent
  }
}
const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  },
  render
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const container = document.getElementById("root")
const updateValue = e => {
  rerender(e.target.value)
}
const rerender = value => {
  const element = (
    <div>
      <input onInput={updateValue} value={value} />
      <h2>Hello {value}</h2>
    </div>
  )
  MiniReact.render(element, container)
}
rerender("World")

第八章 Function Components

本章以下面的代码为例：

/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const container = document.getElementById("root")
function App(props){
  return <h1>Hi { props.name }</h1>
}
const element = <App name="foo" />
MiniReact.render(element, container)

jsx经过babel编译后：

function App(props) {
  return MiniReact.createElement("h1", null, "Hi ", props.name);
}
const element = MiniReact.createElement(App, {
  name: "foo"
});

函数组件有两点不同的地方：

由于函数组件没有对应的fiber节点，因此在commit阶段在找父fiber节点对应的dom时，需要判断是否存在该dom元素

本章完整代码：

import React from 'react';
function createDom(fiber) {
  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
  updateDom(dom, {}, fiber.props)
  return dom
}
let nextUnitOfWork = null
let wipRoot = null // 保存着对root fiber的引用
let currentRoot = null // 保存着当前页面对应的fiber tree
let deletions = null
function render(element, container){
  wipRoot = {
    dom: container,
    props: {
      children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树
    },
    alternate: currentRoot,
  }
  deletions = []
  nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot
}
function commitRoot(){
  deletions.forEach(commitWork)
  commitWork(wipRoot.child)
  currentRoot = wipRoot
  wipRoot = null
}
const isEvent = key => key.startsWith("on")
const isProperty = key => key !== "children" && !isEvent(key)
const isNew = (prev, next) => key => prev[key] !== next[key]
const isGone = (prev, next) => key => !(key in next)
function updateDom(dom, prevProps, nextProps) {
  //Remove old or changed event listeners
  Object.keys(prevProps)
    .filter(isEvent)
    .filter(
      key =>
        !(key in nextProps) ||
        isNew(prevProps, nextProps)(key)
    )
    .forEach(name => {
      const eventType = name
        .toLowerCase()
        .substring(2)
      dom.removeEventListener(
        eventType,
        prevProps[name]
      )
    })
  // Remove old properties
  Object.keys(prevProps)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .filter(isGone(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = ""
    })
  // Set new or changed properties
  Object.keys(nextProps)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = nextProps[name]
    })
  // Add event listeners
  Object.keys(nextProps)
    .filter(isEvent)
    .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      const eventType = name
        .toLowerCase()
        .substring(2)
      dom.addEventListener(
        eventType,
        nextProps[name]
      )
    })
}
function commitWork(fiber){
  if(!fiber){
    return
  }
  let domParentFiber = fiber.parent
  while(!domParentFiber.dom){
    domParentFiber = domParentFiber.parent
  }
  const domParent = domParentFiber.dom;
  if (fiber.effectTag === "PLACEMENT" && fiber.dom != null) {
    domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  } else if (fiber.effectTag === "UPDATE" && fiber.dom != null) {
    updateDom(fiber.dom, fiber.alternate.props, fiber.props)
  } else if (fiber.effectTag === "DELETION") {
    // domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom)
    commitDeletion(fiber, domParent)
  }
  commitWork(fiber.child)
  commitWork(fiber.sibling)
}
function commitDeletion(fiber, domParent){
  if(fiber.dom){
    domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom)
  } else {
    commitDeletion(fiber.child, domParent)
  }
}
function workLoop(deadline) {
  let shouldYield = false
  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {
    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork)
    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1
  }
  if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){
    commitRoot()
  }
  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) {
  let index = 0
  let oldFiber =
      wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child
  let prevSibling = null
  while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) {
    const element = elements[index]
    let newFiber = null
    const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
    if (sameType) {
      newFiber = {
        type: oldFiber.type,
        props: element.props,
        dom: oldFiber.dom,
        parent: wipFiber,
        alternate: oldFiber,
        effectTag: "UPDATE",
      }
    }
    if (element && !sameType) {
      newFiber = {
        type: element.type,
        props: element.props,
        dom: null,
        parent: wipFiber,
        alternate: null,
        effectTag: "PLACEMENT",
      }
    }
    if (oldFiber && !sameType) {
      oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION"
      deletions.push(oldFiber)
    }
    if (oldFiber) {
      oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling
    }
    if (index === 0) {
      wipFiber.child = newFiber
    } else if (element) {
      prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
    }
    prevSibling = newFiber
    index++
  }
}
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) {
  // 1.函数组件对应的fiber节点没有真实dom元素
  // 2.函数组件需要运行函数获取children
  const isFunctionComponent = fiber.type instanceof Function
  if(!isFunctionComponent && !fiber.dom){
    fiber.dom = createDom(fiber)
  }
  const children = isFunctionComponent ? [fiber.type(fiber.props)] : fiber.props.children
  // 第二步 为每一个新的react element节点创建对应的fiber节点，并判断旧的fiber节点上的真实dom元素是否可以复用。
  // 节省创建真实dom元素的开销
  reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
  // 第三步，查找下一个工作单元
  if(fiber.child){
    return fiber.child
  }
  let nextFiber = fiber
  while(nextFiber){
    if(nextFiber.sibling){
      return nextFiber.sibling
    }
    nextFiber = nextFiber.parent
  }
}
const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  },
  render
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const container = document.getElementById("root")
function App(props){
  return <h1>Hi { props.name }</h1>
}
const element = <App name="foo" />
MiniReact.render(element, container)

第九章 Hooks

本章完整代码

import React from 'react';
function createDom(fiber) {
  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
  updateDom(dom, {}, fiber.props)
  return dom
}
let nextUnitOfWork = null
let wipRoot = null // 保存着对root fiber的引用
let currentRoot = null // 保存着当前页面对应的fiber tree
let deletions = null
function render(element, container){
  wipRoot = {
    dom: container,
    props: {
      children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树
    },
    alternate: currentRoot,
  }
  deletions = []
  nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot
}
function commitRoot(){
  deletions.forEach(commitWork)
  commitWork(wipRoot.child)
  currentRoot = wipRoot
  wipRoot = null
}
const isEvent = key => key.startsWith("on")
const isProperty = key => key !== "children" && !isEvent(key)
const isNew = (prev, next) => key => prev[key] !== next[key]
const isGone = (prev, next) => key => !(key in next)
function updateDom(dom, prevProps, nextProps) {
  //Remove old or changed event listeners
  Object.keys(prevProps)
    .filter(isEvent)
    .filter(
      key =>
        !(key in nextProps) ||
        isNew(prevProps, nextProps)(key)
    )
    .forEach(name => {
      const eventType = name
        .toLowerCase()
        .substring(2)
      dom.removeEventListener(
        eventType,
        prevProps[name]
      )
    })
  // Remove old properties
  Object.keys(prevProps)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .filter(isGone(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = ""
    })
  // Set new or changed properties
  Object.keys(nextProps)
    .filter(isProperty)
    .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      dom[name] = nextProps[name]
    })
  // Add event listeners
  Object.keys(nextProps)
    .filter(isEvent)
    .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps))
    .forEach(name => {
      const eventType = name
        .toLowerCase()
        .substring(2)
      dom.addEventListener(
        eventType,
        nextProps[name]
      )
    })
}
function commitWork(fiber){
  if(!fiber){
    return
  }
  let domParentFiber = fiber.parent
  while(!domParentFiber.dom){
    domParentFiber = domParentFiber.parent
  }
  const domParent = domParentFiber.dom;
  if (fiber.effectTag === "PLACEMENT" && fiber.dom != null) {
    domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom)
  } else if (fiber.effectTag === "UPDATE" && fiber.dom != null) {
    updateDom(fiber.dom, fiber.alternate.props, fiber.props)
  } else if (fiber.effectTag === "DELETION") {
    // domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom)
    commitDeletion(fiber, domParent)
  }
  commitWork(fiber.child)
  commitWork(fiber.sibling)
}
function commitDeletion(fiber, domParent){
  if(fiber.dom){
    domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom)
  } else {
    commitDeletion(fiber.child, domParent)
  }
}
function workLoop(deadline) {
  let shouldYield = false
  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {
    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork)
    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1
  }
  if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){
    commitRoot()
  }
  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) {
  let index = 0
  let oldFiber =
      wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child
  let prevSibling = null
  while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) {
    const element = elements[index]
    let newFiber = null
    const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
    if (sameType) {
      newFiber = {
        type: oldFiber.type,
        props: element.props,
        dom: oldFiber.dom,
        parent: wipFiber,
        alternate: oldFiber,
        effectTag: "UPDATE",
      }
    }
    if (element && !sameType) {
      newFiber = {
        type: element.type,
        props: element.props,
        dom: null,
        parent: wipFiber,
        alternate: null,
        effectTag: "PLACEMENT",
      }
    }
    if (oldFiber && !sameType) {
      oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION"
      deletions.push(oldFiber)
    }
    if (oldFiber) {
      oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling
    }
    if (index === 0) {
      wipFiber.child = newFiber
    } else if (element) {
      prevSibling.sibling = newFiber
    }
    prevSibling = newFiber
    index++
  }
}
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) {
  // 1.函数组件对应的fiber节点没有真实dom元素
  // 2.函数组件需要运行函数获取children
  const isFunctionComponent = fiber.type instanceof Function
  if(!isFunctionComponent && !fiber.dom){
    fiber.dom = createDom(fiber)
  }
  const children = isFunctionComponent ? updateFunctionComponent(fiber) : fiber.props.children
  // 第二步 为每一个新的react element节点创建对应的fiber节点，并判断旧的fiber节点上的真实dom元素是否可以复用。
  // 节省创建真实dom元素的开销
  reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
  // 第三步，查找下一个工作单元
  if(fiber.child){
    return fiber.child
  }
  let nextFiber = fiber
  while(nextFiber){
    if(nextFiber.sibling){
      return nextFiber.sibling
    }
    nextFiber = nextFiber.parent
  }
}
let wipFiber = null
let hookIndex = null
function updateFunctionComponent(fiber){
  wipFiber = fiber
  hookIndex = 0
  wipFiber.hooks = []
  return [fiber.type(fiber.props)]
}
function useState(initial){
  const oldHook = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.hooks && wipFiber.alternate.hooks[hookIndex]
  const hook = {
    state: oldHook ? oldHook.state : initial,
    queue: [],
  }
  const actions = oldHook ? oldHook.queue : []
  actions.forEach(action => {
    hook.state = action(hook.state)
  })
  const setState = action => {
    hook.queue.push(action)
    wipRoot = {
      dom: currentRoot.dom,
      props: currentRoot.props,
      alternate: currentRoot,
    }
    nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot
    deletions = []
  }
  wipFiber.hooks.push(hook)
  hookIndex++
  return [hook.state, setState]
}
const MiniReact = {
  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {
    return {
      type,
      props: {
        ...props,
        children: children.map(child => {
          if(typeof child === 'object'){
            return child
          }
          return {
            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',
            props: {
              nodeValue: child,
              children: [],
            }
          }
        })
      }
    }
  },
  render,
  useState,
}
/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */
const container = document.getElementById("root")
function Counter(){
  const [state, setState] = MiniReact.useState(1)
  return (
    <h1 onClick={() => setState(c => c + 1)}>
      Count: { state }
    </h1>
  )
}
const element = <Counter />
MiniReact.render(element, container)

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