WxPython界面利用pubsub如何实现多线程控制
作者：陈年椰子
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WxPython界面用pubsub实现多线程控制
用WxPython做界面时， 如果数据操作时间比较长，会使 WxPython 界面处于假死状态，用户体验非常不好。
WxPython是利用pubsub来完成消息的传送。
下面提供一个 WxPython界面利用pubsub 实现2个线程的控制的例子
实际使用， 只要修改WorkThread1、WorkThread2 里的 run 内容 及 MainFrame 里的 updateDisplay 内容即可。
在此基础上，可以实现多线程。
Python 3.7.3 wxPython 4.0.6 Pypubsub 4.0.3
在此之前有个单线程及进度条的例子，简单需求可以参考这个
下面提供本文的代码
# encoding: utf-8
"""
@author: 陈年椰子
@contact: hndm@qq.com
@version: 1.0
@project:test
@file: wx_thread.py
@time: 2022-3-24 15:34
说明
"""
import wx
from pubsub import pub
from time import sleep
import time
import threading
import sys
from random import random
# 线程调用耗时长代码
class WorkThread1(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
"""Init Worker Thread Class."""
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.breakflag = False
self.start()
def stop(self):
self.breakflag = True
# 耗时长的代码
def workproc(self):
while True:
if self.breakflag:
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='查询Thread中断')
sleep(2)
break
ts1 = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
t_sum = "查询的结果"
# print(ts1,t_sum)
# 此处加的数据库代码
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='{}:查询最后10个数据并汇总{}'.format(ts1, t_sum))
sleep(10)
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='workdone')
return ""
def run(self):
"""Run Worker Thread."""
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='workstart')
self.workproc()
# 线程调用耗时长代码
class WorkThread2(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
"""Init Worker Thread Class."""
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.breakflag = False
self.start()
def stop(self):
self.breakflag = True
# 耗时长的代码
def workproc(self):
while True:
if self.breakflag:
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='随机数Thread中断')
sleep(2)
break
ts1 = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
t_info = "随机数{}".format(str(random()))
# print(ts1, t_info)
# 此处加的数据库代码
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='{}:产生{}'.format(ts1, t_info))
sleep(1)
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='workdone')
return ""
def run(self):
"""Run Worker Thread."""
pub.sendMessage("update", mstatus='workstart')
self.workproc()
class MainFrame(wx.Frame):
"""
简单的界面
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
# ensure the parent's __init__ is called
super(MainFrame, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
self.SetSize(size=(600, 400))
# create a panel in the frame
pnl = wx.Panel(self)
# and put some text with a larger bold font on it
self.st = wx.StaticText(pnl, label="分析工具 V 2022", pos=(25, 25))
self.st2 = wx.StaticText(pnl, label="提示", pos=(25, 80))
font = self.st.GetFont()
font.PointSize += 2
font = font.Bold()
self.st.SetFont(font)
self.st2.SetFont(font)
# create a menu bar
self.makeMenuBar()
self.gauge = wx.Gauge(self, range=100, size=(500, 20))
self.gauge.SetBezelFace(3)
self.gauge.SetShadowWidth(3)
sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
sizer.Add(self.st, 0, wx.BOTTOM | wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL, 0)
sizer.Add(self.st2, 0, wx.BOTTOM | wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL, 0)
sizer.Add(self.gauge, 0, wx.BOTTOM | wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL, 0)
self.SetSizer(sizer)
# and a status bar
self.CreateStatusBar()
self.SetStatusText("启动完成!")
pub.subscribe(self.updateDisplay, "update")
def makeMenuBar(self):
"""
A menu bar is composed of menus, which are composed of menu items.
This method builds a set of menus and binds handlers to be called
when the menu item is selected.
"""
# Make a file menu with Hello and Exit items
fileMenu = wx.Menu()
# The "\t..." syntax defines an accelerator key that also triggers
# the same event
# helloItem = fileMenu.Append(-1, "&Hello...\tCtrl-H",
# "Help string shown in status bar for this menu item")
self.startItem = fileMenu.Append(-1, "开始",
"开始工作")
self.stopItem = fileMenu.Append(-1, "停止",
"中断工作")
fileMenu.AppendSeparator()
self.exitItem = fileMenu.Append(-1, "退出",
"退出")
# Now a help menu for the about item
helpMenu = wx.Menu()
aboutItem = helpMenu.Append(-1, "关于",
"WxPython 界面与线程通讯的例子")
# Make the menu bar and add the two menus to it. The '&' defines
# that the next letter is the "mnemonic" for the menu item. On the
# platforms that support it those letters are underlined and can be
# triggered from the keyboard.
self.menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
self.menuBar.Append(fileMenu, "工作")
self.menuBar.Append(helpMenu, "信息")
# Give the menu bar to the frame
self.SetMenuBar(self.menuBar)
self.stopItem.Enable(False)
self.count = 0
# Finally, associate a handler function with the EVT_MENU event for
# each of the menu items. That means that when that menu item is
# activated then the associated handler functin will be called.
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnStart, self.startItem)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnStop, self.stopItem)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnExit, self.exitItem)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnAbout, aboutItem)
def OnExit(self, event):
"""Close the frame, terminating the application."""
try:
self.work1.stop()
self.work2.stop()
sleep(2)
except:
pass
self.Close(True)
sys.exit()
def OnStart(self, event):
self.work1 = WorkThread1()
self.work2 = WorkThread2()
def OnStop(self, event):
self.work1.stop()
self.work2.stop()
def OnAbout(self, event):
"""Display an About Dialog"""
wx.MessageBox("分析工具 v2019",
"关于",
wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
def updateDisplay(self, mstatus):
"""
Receives data from thread and updates the display
"""
# print('pub display', mstatus)
if mstatus.find("workstart") >= 0:
self.SetStatusText('开始工作，代码不提供中断线程语句，请等待！')
self.startItem.Enable(False)
self.stopItem.Enable(True)
self.exitItem.Enable(False)
if mstatus.find("workdone") >= 0:
self.SetStatusText('完成！')
self.stopItem.Enable(False)
self.startItem.Enable(True)
self.exitItem.Enable(True)
else:
if mstatus.find("查询")>=0:
self.st.SetLabel(mstatus)
else:
self.st2.SetLabel(mstatus)
# if mstatus.find(",") > 0 and mstatus.find("计算") >= 0:
# mdata = mstatus.split(',')
# # 示范 ， 实际使用需要传送进度
# # print(int(mdata[0].replace('计算','')))
# g_count = int(mdata[0].replace('计算', ''))
# self.gauge.SetValue(g_count)
def test():
app = wx.App()
frm = MainFrame(None, title='分析工具')
frm.Show()
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test()运行后， 点击 工作-开始。 2个线程开始工作，直到点击工作-结束
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。