基于Hutool的图片验证码功能模块实现
作者：不染心
简介
Hutool是一个小而全的Java工具类库，通过静态方法封装，降低相关API的学习成本，提高工作效率，使Java拥有函数式语言般的优雅，让Java语言也可以“甜甜的”。
Hutool中的工具方法来自每个用户的精雕细琢，它涵盖了Java开发底层代码中的方方面面，它既是大型项目开发中解决小问题的利器，也是小型项目中的效率担当；
Hutool是项目中“util”包友好的替代，它节省了开发人员对项目中公用类和公用工具方法的封装时间，使开发专注于业务，同时可以最大限度的避免封装不完善带来的bug。
Hutool名称的由来
Hutool = Hu + tool，是原公司项目底层代码剥离后的开源库，“Hu”是公司名称的表示，tool表示工具。Hutool谐音“糊涂”，一方面简洁易懂，一方面寓意“难得糊涂”。
基于Hutool的图片验证码功能模块实现
1.背景
为了提高系统的安全性，防止接口被暴力刷新，验证码是个好的手段，图片验证码没有短信验证码的费用，其是个人开发者学习的重点。
2.方案设计
2.1 方案步骤
- 引入Hutool工具集
- 安装Redis
- 接入Reids配置
2.2 Hutool工具类引入
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.8.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
</dependency>2.3 安装Redis
默认端口：6379 - 下载连接 https://github.com/tporadowski/redis/releases - 解压 - 双击redis-server.exe启动服务端 - 双击redis-cli.exe启动客户端连接服务端
2.4 接入Reids配置
在ClassPath（或者src/main/resources）的config目录下下新建redis.setting
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Redis客户端配置样例 # 每一个分组代表一个Redis实例 # 无分组的Pool配置为所有分组的共用配置，如果分组自己定义Pool配置，则覆盖共用配置 # 池配置来自于：https://www.cnblogs.com/jklk/p/7095067.html #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #----- 默认（公有）配置 # 地址，默认localhost host = localhost # 端口，默认6379 port = 6379 # 超时，默认2000 timeout = 2000 # 连接超时，默认timeout connectionTimeout = 2000 # 读取超时，默认timeout soTimeout = 2000 # 密码，默认无 # 如果提示密码错误换成：Auth = password = # 数据库序号，默认0 database = 0 # 客户端名，默认"Hutool" clientName = Hutool # SSL连接，默认false ssl = false; #----- 自定义分组的连接 [custom] # 地址，默认localhost host = localhost # 连接耗尽时是否阻塞, false报异常,ture阻塞直到超时, 默认true BlockWhenExhausted = true; # 设置的逐出策略类名, 默认DefaultEvictionPolicy(当连接超过最大空闲时间,或连接数超过最大空闲连接数) evictionPolicyClassName = org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.DefaultEvictionPolicy # 是否启用pool的jmx管理功能, 默认true jmxEnabled = true; # 是否启用后进先出, 默认true lifo = true; # 最大空闲连接数, 默认8个 maxIdle = 8 # 最小空闲连接数, 默认0 minIdle = 0 # 最大连接数, 默认8个 maxTotal = 8 # 获取连接时的最大等待毫秒数(如果设置为阻塞时BlockWhenExhausted),如果超时就抛异常, 小于零:阻塞不确定的时间, 默认-1 maxWaitMillis = -1 # 逐出连接的最小空闲时间 默认1800000毫秒(30分钟) minEvictableIdleTimeMillis = 1800000 # 每次逐出检查时 逐出的最大数目 如果为负数就是 : 1/abs(n), 默认3 numTestsPerEvictionRun = 3; # 对象空闲多久后逐出, 当空闲时间>该值 且 空闲连接>最大空闲数 时直接逐出,不再根据MinEvictableIdleTimeMillis判断 (默认逐出策略) SoftMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis = 1800000 # 在获取连接的时候检查有效性, 默认false testOnBorrow = false # 在空闲时检查有效性, 默认false testWhileIdle = false # 逐出扫描的时间间隔(毫秒) 如果为负数,则不运行逐出线程, 默认-1 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis = -1
2.5 方案交互图
client server redis uuid generate: Image code JSON)(code, time) setnx(uid, JSON) save result send result opt [send option] uid + code get uid JSON(code, time) check code true? check result opt [check option] client server redis
3.模块编写
VerificationImageCodeService.java
package com.example.basePro.sevice;
import com.example.basePro.bean.dto.Result;
import com.example.basePro.bean.model.ImageCode;
/**
* @Author:
* @Date: 2022/10/16
* @Description:
*/
public interface VerificationImageCodeService {
/**
* 生成图片验证码对应的编码
* @param uuid 用户id
* @return 图片的base64编码
*/
String generateImageCode(String uuid);
/**
* 验证图片验证码内容
* @param uuid 用户id
* @param code 验证码内容
* @return 验证结果
*/
Result<String> chechImageCode(String uuid, String code) throws Exception;
}
package com.example.basePro.sevice.Impl;
import cn.hutool.captcha.CaptchaUtil;
import cn.hutool.captcha.LineCaptcha;
import cn.hutool.db.nosql.redis.RedisDS;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.example.basePro.bean.dto.Result;
import com.example.basePro.bean.model.ImageCode;
import com.example.basePro.sevice.VerificationImageCodeService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
/**
* @Author:
* @Date: 2022/10/16
* @Description:
*/
@Slf4j
@Service
public class VerificationImageCodeServiceImpl implements VerificationImageCodeService {
/**
* 验证码失效时间
*/
@Value("${constants.expire.second: 600}")
private Long expireSecond;
@Override
public String generateImageCode(String uuid) {
String key = uuid;
Jedis jedis = RedisDS.create().getJedis();
LineCaptcha lineCaptcha = CaptchaUtil.createLineCaptcha(100, 50);
log.info("image code is {}", lineCaptcha.getCode());
jedis.del(key);
// 存入缓存
ImageCode imageCode = ImageCode.builder()
.code(lineCaptcha.getCode())
.createTime(System.currentTimeMillis())
.build();
jedis.setex(key, expireSecond, JSONUtil.toJsonStr(imageCode));
// 浏览器中输入 data:image/png;base64, + base64， 即可显示图片
return lineCaptcha.getImageBase64();
}
@Override
public Result<String> chechImageCode(String uuid, String code) throws Exception {
String key = uuid;
Jedis jedis = RedisDS.create().getJedis();
// 获取缓存中数据
String cache = jedis.get(key);
ImageCode imageCode = JSONUtil.toBean(cache, ImageCode.class);
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(cache)){
throw new Exception("验证码已过期");
}
// 验证码不匹配
if(!code.equals(imageCode.getCode())){
throw new Exception("验证码错误");
}
jedis.del(key);
return Result.success("验证成功");
}
}
4.接口测试
访问获取图片验证码接口：
http://localhost:8080/captcha/getcode?uuid=123456
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
在浏览器中输入：
data:image/png;base64,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
访问验证接口：
http://localhost:8080/captcha/check?uuid=123456&code=****
5.参考文献
到此这篇关于基于Hutool的图片验证码功能模块实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Hutool图片验证码内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！