C#实现HTTP访问类HttpHelper的示例详解
作者：华小睿
在项目开发过程中，我们经常会访问第三方接口，如我们需要接入的第三方接口是Web API,这时候我们就需要使用HttpHelper调用远程接口了。本文为大家介绍了C#实现HTTP访问类HttpHelper的示例代码，需要的可以参考一下
在项目开发过程中，我们经常会访问第三方接口，如我们需要接入的第三方接口是Web API,这时候我们就需要使用HttpHelper调用远程接口了。示例中的HttpHelper类使用Log4Net记录了每次调用的请求内容和响应内容的日志，并且每条日志都带上了链路ID和标识，这样方便我们在排查问题时能快速的找到当时的请求和响应内容，进而定位分析问题。大家在使用的时候如不需要记录日志，删除掉即可。
HttpHelper类代码如下：
public class HttpHelper : IDisposable
{
private bool _disposable = false;
/// <summary>
/// 请求编码格式默认utf-8;
/// </summary>
public Encoding HtmlEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
/// <summary>
/// 请求时间
/// </summary>
public int Timeout = 5000;
public CookieContainer Cookies = null;
/// <summary>
/// 是否记录Cookies
/// </summary>
public bool IsRecordCookie = false;
public string ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
public string AcceptLanguage = "en-US, en; q=0.8, zh-Hans-CN; q=0.5, zh-Hans; q=0.3";
public string KeepAlive = "Keep-Alive";
public string Accept = "*/*";
private const string UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.135 Safari/537.36 Edge/12.10240";
private static ILogger Logger = Log4NetLoggerFactory.Instance.Create("remote.info");
public HttpHelper()
{
//允许最大连接数，突破Http协议的并发连接数限制
ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = 512;
}
/// <summary>
/// 上传图片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"></param>
/// <param name="bArr"></param>
/// <param name="fileName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public HttpRequestEntity RequestFile(string url, byte[] bArr, string fileName = "")
{
var result = new HttpRequestEntity { IsSuccess = 0 };
//后续需要再放开，启用时需增加日志收集
//if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url))
// throw new ArgumentNullException("请求Url不能为空值");
//if (bArr == null || bArr.Length <= 0)
// throw new AccessViolationException("缺少输入数据");
//Stream requestStream = null;
//StreamReader streamReader = null;
//HttpWebResponse response = null;
//HttpWebRequest request = null;
//try
//{
// request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
// request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
// request.Method = "POST";
// string boundary = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 随机分隔线
// request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=utf-8;boundary=" + boundary;
// byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
// byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
// if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName))
// fileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
// //请求头部信息
// StringBuilder sbHeader = new StringBuilder(string.Format("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n", fileName));
// byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sbHeader.ToString());
// request.Headers.Add("auth", fileName);
// Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream();
// postStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, 0, itemBoundaryBytes.Length);
// postStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length);
// postStream.Write(bArr, 0, bArr.Length);
// postStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, 0, endBoundaryBytes.Length);
// postStream.Close();
// response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
// requestStream = response.GetResponseStream();
// if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
// {
// result.IsSuccess = 0;
// if (requestStream != null)
// {
// streamReader = new StreamReader(requestStream, HtmlEncoding);
// result.ResponseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
// }
// }
//}
//catch (Exception ex)
//{
// result.IsSuccess = 1;
// result.ResponseContent = ex.Message;
//}
//finally
//{
// if (requestStream != null)
// {
// requestStream.Close();
// requestStream.Dispose();
// }
// if (streamReader != null)
// {
// streamReader.Close();
// streamReader.Dispose();
// }
// request.Abort();
// if (response != null)
// response.Close();
//}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 基本请求方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="requestType">HTTP请求类型</param>
/// <param name="url">请求的URL</param>
/// <param name="requestData">请求参数</param>
/// <param name="traceID">链路ID，方便查询日志</param>
/// <param name="markType">请求标识，方便查询日志</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private HttpRequestEntity BaseRequest(RequestType requestType, string url, string requestData, string traceID,string markType)
{
var result = new HttpRequestEntity { IsSuccess = 0 };
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url))
throw new ArgumentNullException("请求Url不能为空值");
Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
stopwatch.Start();
Dictionary<string, object> resultLog = new Dictionary<string, object>();//log对象
resultLog.Add("logType", "remote");
resultLog.Add("traceID", traceID);
resultLog.Add("localIp", IpHelper.LocalIp);
resultLog.Add("markType", markType);
resultLog.Add("url", url);
resultLog.Add("requestContent", HttpUtility.UrlDecode(requestData, Encoding.UTF8));
resultLog.Add("createTime", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff"));
StackTrace ss = new StackTrace(true);
System.Reflection.MethodBase mb = ss.GetFrame(2).GetMethod();//0表示当前栈空间，1表示上一级的栈空间，依次类推
resultLog.Add("className", mb.DeclaringType.FullName);
resultLog.Add("methodName", mb.Name);
HttpStatusCode statusCode = HttpStatusCode.OK;
if (IsRecordCookie)
Cookies = new CookieContainer();
Stream requestStream = null;
StreamReader streamReader = null;
HttpWebRequest webRe = null;
HttpWebResponse webPos = null;
try
{
if (url.StartsWith("https", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
webRe = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
webRe.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
}
else
{
webRe = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
}
webRe.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", AcceptLanguage);
webRe.Headers.Add("Keep-Alive", KeepAlive);
webRe.UserAgent = UserAgent;
webRe.Accept = Accept;
webRe.Timeout = Timeout;
webRe.ReadWriteTimeout = Timeout;
webRe.CookieContainer = Cookies;
if (requestType == RequestType.Post)
{
webRe.ContentType = string.Format("{0}; {1}", ContentType, HtmlEncoding.BodyName);
byte[] datas = HtmlEncoding.GetBytes(requestData);
webRe.Method = "POST";
webRe.ContentLength = datas.Length;
webRe.MaximumResponseHeadersLength = -1;
requestStream = webRe.GetRequestStream();
requestStream.Write(datas, 0, datas.Length);
requestStream.Flush();
requestStream.Close();
}
else
webRe.Method = "GET";
webPos = (HttpWebResponse)webRe.GetResponse();
resultLog.Add("requestType", webRe.Method);
statusCode = webPos.StatusCode;
result.ResponseLength = webPos.ContentLength;
result.ResponseEncodingName = webPos.ContentEncoding;
requestStream = webPos.GetResponseStream();
if (webPos.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
result.IsSuccess = 0;
if (requestStream != null)
{
streamReader = new StreamReader(requestStream, HtmlEncoding);
result.ResponseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
result.IsSuccess = 1;
result.ResponseContent = ex.Message;
}
finally
{
if (requestStream != null)
{
requestStream.Close();
requestStream.Dispose();
}
if (streamReader != null)
{
streamReader.Close();
streamReader.Dispose();
}
webRe.Abort();
if (webPos != null)
webPos.Close();
}
if (result.IsSuccess == 1)
{
resultLog.Add("status", HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError);
resultLog.Add("success", false);
resultLog.Add("responseContent", result.ResponseContent);
stopwatch.Stop();
resultLog.Add("elapseTime", stopwatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds);
string log = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(resultLog);
Logger.Info(log);
Logger.Error(log);
}
else
{
resultLog.Add("status", statusCode);
resultLog.Add("success", true);
resultLog.Add("responseContent", result.ResponseContent);
stopwatch.Stop();
resultLog.Add("elapseTime", stopwatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds);
string log = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(resultLog);
Logger.Info(log);
}
return result;
}
private static bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors)
{
return true; //总是接受
}
/// <summary>
/// Get请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">请求地址</param>
/// <param name="traceID">链路ID，方便查询日志</param>
/// <param name="markType">请求标识，方便查询日志</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public HttpRequestEntity Request(string url, string traceID, string markType)
{
return BaseRequest(RequestType.Get, url, string.Empty, traceID, markType);
}
/// <summary>
/// Post请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">请求地址Url</param>
/// <param name="requestData">请求内容参数</param>
/// <param name="traceID">链路ID，方便查询日志</param>
/// <param name="markType">请求标识，方便查询日志</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public HttpRequestEntity Request(string url, string requestData, string traceID, string markType)
{
return BaseRequest(RequestType.Post, url, requestData, traceID, markType);
}
~HttpHelper()
{
Dispose(false);
}
#region IDisposable 成员
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (this._disposable)
return;
if (disposing)
{
}
_disposable = true;
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// HttpHelper请求方式
/// </summary>
public enum RequestType
{
/// <summary>
/// Get请求
/// </summary>
Get,
/// <summary>
/// Post请求
/// </summary>
Post
}
/// <summary>
/// HttpHelper请求时返回实体
/// </summary>
public class HttpRequestEntity
{
/// <summary>
/// 请求是否成功 0-成功(返回Http状态码200) 1-失败(出现异常)
/// </summary>
public int IsSuccess { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 请求返回内容
/// </summary>
public string ResponseContent { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 请求返回内容长度
/// </summary>
public long ResponseLength { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 请求返回编码类型
/// </summary>
public string ResponseEncodingName { get; set; }
}调用示例如下：
HttpHelper helper = new HttpHelper();
HttpRequestEntity response = helper.Request("需要访问的URL", "请求需要的参数", "访问链路ID", "访问标识");
if (response.IsSuccess != 0)
{
//程序处理异常，请重试！
}
else
{
//请求响应成功
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