Java实例讲解枚举enum的实现
作者:Demo龙
枚举法的本质就是从所有候选答案中去搜索正确的解,枚举算法简单粗暴,他暴力的枚举所有可能,尽可能地尝试所有的方法,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧
一.枚举介绍
1.枚举是一组常量的集合
2.理解:美剧属于一种特殊的类,里面只包含一组有限的特定的对象
1.自定义枚举实现
1.不需要提供Set方法,枚举对象值通常为只读。
2.对枚举对象/属性使用final和static关键字修饰,实现底层优化
3.枚举对象名通常使用全部大写,常量的命名规范
4.枚举·对象根据需要,可以有一到多个属性
(1)示例
package com.demo; import javax.sound.midi.Soundbank; /** * @version 1.0 * @auther Demo龙 */ public class Enum01 { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(Season.SPRING); System.out.println(Season.SUMMER); System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN); System.out.println(Season.WINTER); } } //演示自定义枚举实现 class Season{ private String name; private String desc;//描述特性 //1.将构造器私有化,目的防止直接new出来 private Season(String name, String desc) { this.name = name; this.desc = desc; } //2.去掉set方法,只能读取,不能修改属性 public String getName() { return name; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } //3.在season内部创建固定的对象 //定义了四个对象 // public static Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖"); // public static Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热"); // public static Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽"); // public static Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷"); //最终优化,加入final public static final Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖"); public static final Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热"); public static final Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽"); public static final Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷"); //重写toString方法 @Override public String toString() { return "Season{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", desc='" + desc + '\'' + '}'; } }
(2)测试结果
2.enum关键字实现枚举
如果使用enum关键字来实现枚举类
1.使用关键字enum替换class
2.public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02(“春天”,“温暖”);可替换为 SPRING(“春天”,“温暖”),//解读:常量名(实参列表)
3.如果有多个常量使用逗号间隔即可
4.如果使用enum关键字实现枚举,要求将定义的常量对象写下前面
(1)示例
package com.demo; /** * @version 1.0 * @auther Demo龙 */ public class Enum02 { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(Season.SPRING); System.out.println(Season.SUMMER); System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN); System.out.println(Season.WINTER); } } //演示使用enum关键字来实现枚举类 enum Season02{ //如果使用enum关键字来实现枚举类 //1.使用关键字enum替换class //2.public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");可替换为 SPRING("春天","温暖"),//解读:常量名(实参列表) //3.如果有多个常量使用逗号间隔即可 SUMMER("夏天","炎热"), AUTUMN("秋天","凉爽"), WINTER("冬天","寒冷"); //4.如果使用enum关键字实现枚举,要求将定义的常量对象写下前面 private String name; private String desc;//描述特性 //1.将构造器私有化,目的防止直接new出来 private Season02(String name, String desc) { this.name = name; this.desc = desc; } //2.去掉set方法,只能读取,不能修改属性 public String getName() { return name; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } //3.在season内部创建固定的对象 //定义了四个对象 // public static Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖"); // public static Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热"); // public static Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽"); // public static Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷"); //最终优化,加入final // public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖"); // public static final Season02 SUMMER=new Season02("夏天","炎热"); // public static final Season02 AUTUMN=new Season02("秋天","凉爽"); // public static final Season02 WINTER=new Season02("冬天","寒冷"); //重写toString方法 @Override public String toString() { return "Season{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", desc='" + desc + '\'' + '}'; } }
(2)测试结果
3.enum关键字注意事项
1.当我i们使用enum关键字开发一个枚举类时,默认会继承Enum类
2.传统的public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");
,这里要知道他调用的是哪个构造器
3.如果使用无参构造器创建枚举对象,则实参列表和小括号都可以省略.
4.当有多个枚举对象时,使用逗号间隔,最后有一个分号结尾
5.枚举对象必须放在枚举类的行首
(1)示例
package com.demo; /** * @version 1.0 * @auther Demo龙 */ public class Enum02 { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(Season.SPRING); System.out.println(Season.SUMMER); System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN); System.out.println(Season.WINTER); } } //演示使用enum关键字来实现枚举类 enum Season02{ //如果使用enum关键字来实现枚举类 //1.使用关键字enum替换class //2.public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");可替换为 SPRING("春天","温暖"),//解读:常量名(实参列表) //3.如果有多个常量使用逗号间隔即可 SUMMER("夏天","炎热"), AUTUMN("秋天","凉爽"), WINTER("冬天","寒冷"), //3.如果使用无参构造器创建枚举对象,则实参列表和小括号都可以省略.两种写法 HAHA,//调用无参构造器 HAHAHA();//调用无参构造器 //4.如果使用enum关键字实现枚举,要求将定义的常量对象写下前面 private String name; private String desc;//描述特性 //1.将构造器私有化,目的防止直接new出来 private Season02(String name, String desc) { this.name = name; this.desc = desc; } private Season02() { //无参构造器 } //2.去掉set方法,只能读取,不能修改属性 public String getName() { return name; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } //3.在season内部创建固定的对象 //定义了四个对象 // public static Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖"); // public static Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热"); // public static Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽"); // public static Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷"); //最终优化,加入final // public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖"); // public static final Season02 SUMMER=new Season02("夏天","炎热"); // public static final Season02 AUTUMN=new Season02("秋天","凉爽"); // public static final Season02 WINTER=new Season02("冬天","寒冷"); //重写toString方法 @Override public String toString() { return "Season{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", desc='" + desc + '\'' + '}'; } }
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