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JavaScript图表插件highcharts详解

作者：springsnow

本文详细讲解了JavaScript图表插件highcharts的用法，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细。对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下

一、Highcharts

Highcharts 非商业免费，商业需授权，代码开源。兼容 IE6。

Highcharts 底层为svg，方便自己定制，但图表类型有限。

svg特点：

Highcharts 是一个用纯 JavaScript 编写的一个图表库， 能够很简单便捷的在 Web 网站或是 Web 应用程序添加有交互性的图表，并且免费提供给个人学习、个人网站和非商业用途使用。

Highcharts 支持的图表类型有直线图、曲线图、区域图、柱状图、饼状图、散状点图、仪表图、气泡图、瀑布流图等多达 20 种图表，其中很多图表可以集成在同一个图形中形成混合图。

访问 highcharts.com 下载 Highcharts 包。

二、1 分钟上手 Highcharts

引入 Highcharts

Highcharts 最基本的运行只需要一个 JS 文件，即 highcharts.js，以使用 CDN 文件为例，对应的代码是：

<script src="http://cdn.highcharts.com.cn/highcharts/highcharts.js"></script>

创建一个简单的图表

在绘图前我们需要为 Highcharts 准备一个 DOM 容器，并指定其大小

<div id="container" style="width: 600px;height:400px;"></div>

然后通过 Highcharts 的初始化函数 Highcharts.chart 来创建图表，该函数接受两个参数，第一个参数是 DOM 容器的 Id，第二个参数是图表配置，代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>第一个 Highcharts 图表</title>
</head>
<body>
     图表容器 DOM 
    <div id="container" style="width: 600px;height:400px;"></div>
     引入 highcharts.js 
    <script src="http://cdn.highcharts.com.cn/highcharts/highcharts.js"></script>
    <script>
        // 图表配置
        var options = {
            chart: {
                type: 'bar'                          //指定图表的类型，默认是折线图（line）
            },
            title: {
                text: '我的第一个图表'                 // 标题
            },
            xAxis: {
                categories: ['苹果', '香蕉', '橙子']   // x 轴分类
            },
            yAxis: {
                title: {
                    text: '吃水果个数'                // y 轴标题
                }
            },
            series: [{                              // 数据列
                name: '小明',                        // 数据列名
                data: [1, 0, 4]                     // 数据
                   }, {
                name: '小红',
                data: [5, 7, 3]
            }]
        };
        // 图表初始化函数
        var chart = Highcharts.chart('container', options);
    </script>
</body>
</html>

这样你的第一个图表就诞生了！

1、调用远程数据

通过这个简单的例子，我们将学会如何配置基本的参数(options)，然后通过一个Ajax调用远程数据以及解析数据，最后通过合适的格式展现出来

一个外部的仅包含数据的CSV文件'data.csv'（数据源）。 
Categories,Apples,Pears,Oranges,Bananas 
John,8,4,6,5 
Jane,3,4,2,3 
Joe,86,76,79,77 
Janet,3,16,13,15

var options = {
     chart: {
         renderTo: 'container',
         defaultSeriesType: 'column'
     },
     title: {
         text: 'Fruit Consumption'
     },
     xAxis: {
         categories: []
     },
     yAxis: {
         title: {
             text: 'Units'
         }
     },
     series: []
 };

$.get('data.csv', function(data) {
     // Split the lines
     var lines = data.split('\n');
     
     // Iterate over the lines and add categories or series
     $.each(lines, function(lineNo, line) {
         var items = line.split(',');
         
         // header line containes categories
         if (lineNo == 0) {
             $.each(items, function(itemNo, item) {
                 if (itemNo > 0) options.xAxis.categories.push(item);
            });
         }
         
         // the rest of the lines contain data with their name in the first position
         else {
             var series = {
                 data: []
             };
             $.each(items, function(itemNo, item) {
                 if (itemNo == 0) {
                     series.name = item;
                 } else {
                     series.data.push(parseFloat(item));
                 }
             });
             
             options.series.push(series);
     
         }
         
     });
     
     // Create the chart
     var chart = new Highcharts.Chart(options);
 });

2、使用JQuery结合HIghcharts实现从后台获取JSON实时刷新图表

$(function(){  
                 //声明报表对象  
        var chart = new Highcharts.Chart({  
            chart: {  
                //将报表对象渲染到层上  
            renderTo: 'container'  
        },  
                //设定报表对象的初始数据  
        series: [{  
            data: [29.9, 71.5, 106.4, 129.2, 144.0, 176.0, 135.6, 148.5, 216.4, 194.1, 95.6, 54.4]          
        }]  
    });  
  
        function getForm(){  
                                                //使用JQuery从后台获取JSON格式的数据  
            jQuery.getJSON('http://localhost:8080/JQueryPIC/ajax', null, function(data) {  
                                                                //为图表设置值  
                chart.series[0].setData(data);  
            });  
        }  
  
      
        $(document).ready(function() {  
            //每隔3秒自动调用方法，实现图表的实时更新  
            window.setInterval(getForm,3000);   
              
        });  
      
  
    });

3、活动图(Live Charts)

建立服务器。在这个例子中，我们服务器脚本语言返回包含时间（time）以及y值（y value）的javascript数组。

var chart; // global
/**
 * Request data from the server, add it to the graph and set a timeout to request again
 */
function requestData() {
    $.ajax({
        url: 'live-server-data.php',
        success: function(point) {
            var series = chart.series[0],
                shift = series.data.length > 20; // shift if the series is longer than 20

            // add the point
            chart.series[0].addPoint(point, true, shift);
            
            // call it again after one second
            setTimeout(requestData, 1000);    
        },
        cache: false
    });
}
$(document).ready(function() {
    chart = new Highcharts.Chart({
        chart: {
            renderTo: 'container',
            defaultSeriesType: 'spline',
            events: {
                load: requestData
            }
        },
        title: {
            text: 'Live random data'
        },
        xAxis: {
            type: 'datetime',
            tickPixelInterval: 150,
            maxZoom: 20 * 1000
        },
        yAxis: {
            minPadding: 0.2,
            maxPadding: 0.2,
            title: {
                text: 'Value',
                margin: 80
            }
        },
        series: [{
            name: 'Random data',
            data: []
        }]
    });        
});

三、Highcharts 基本组成

四、配置选项

1、参数配置(属性+事件)

2、Chart：图表区选项

Chart图表区选项用于设置图表区相关属性。

3、Color：颜色选项

Color颜色选项用于设置图表的颜色方案。

Highcharts已经默认提供了多种颜色方案，当要显示的图形多于颜色种类时，多出的图形会自动从第一种颜色方案开始选取。自定义颜色方案的方法：

Highcharts.setOptions({
    colors: ['#058DC7', '#50B432', '#ED561B', '#DDDF00', '#24CBE5', '#64E572', '#FF9655','#FFF263', '#6AF9C4']
});

4、Title：标题选项，Subtitle：副标题选项

Title标题选项用于设置图表的标题相关属性。

副标题提供的属性选项与标题title大致相同，可参照标题选项，值得一提的是副标题的text选项默认为''，即空的，所以默认情况下副标题不显示。

var title = {
  text: '月平均气温'   
};


var subtitle = {
  text: 'Source: runoob.com'
};

5、xAxis：X轴选项，yAxis：Y轴选项

X轴选项用于设置图表X轴相关属性。

Y轴选项与上述xAxis选项基本一致，请参照上表中的参数设置，不再单独列出。

var xAxis = {
   categories: ['一月', '二月', '三月', '四月', '五月', '六月'
      ,'七月', '八月', '九月', '十月', '十一月', '十二月']
};


var yAxis = {
   title: {
      text: 'Temperature (\xB0C)'
   },
   plotLines: [{
      value: 0,
      width: 1,
      color: '#808080'
   }]
};

6、Series：数据列选项

数据列选项用于设置图表中要展示的数据相关的属性。

var series =  [
   {
      name: 'Tokyo',
      data: [7.0, 6.9, 9.5, 14.5, 18.2, 21.5, 25.2, 
         26.5, 23.3, 18.3, 13.9, 9.6]
   }, 
   {
      name: 'New York',
      data: [-0.2, 0.8, 5.7, 11.3, 17.0, 22.0, 24.8, 
         24.1, 20.1, 14.1, 8.6, 2.5]
   }, 
   {
      name: 'Berlin',
      data: [-0.9, 0.6, 3.5, 8.4, 13.5, 17.0, 18.6, 
         17.9, 14.3, 9.0, 3.9, 1.0]
   }, 
   {
      name: 'London',
      data: [3.9, 4.2, 5.7, 8.5, 11.9, 15.2, 17.0, 
         16.6, 14.2, 10.3, 6.6, 4.8]
   }
];

7、plotOptions：数据点选项

plotOptions用于设置图表中的数据点相关属性。plotOptions根据各种图表类型，其属性设置略微有些差异，现将常用选项列出来。

8、Tooltip：数据点提示框

Tooltip用于设置当鼠标滑向数据点时显示的提示框信息。

var tooltip = {
   valueSuffix: '\xB0C'
}

9、Legend：图例选项

legend用于设置图例相关属性。

var legend = {
   layout: 'vertical',
   align: 'right',
   verticalAlign: 'middle',
   borderWidth: 0
};

更多详细信息请参照highcharts官网英文文档：http://api.highcharts.com/highcharts

四、曲线图

1、基础曲线图

var title = {
      text: '城市平均气温'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'Source: runoob.com'
   };
   var xAxis = {
      categories: ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun','Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Temperature (\xB0C)'
      },
      plotLines: [{
         value: 0,
         width: 1,
         color: '#808080'
      }]
   };   

   var tooltip = {
      valueSuffix: '\xB0C'
   }

   var legend = {
      layout: 'vertical',
      align: 'right',
      verticalAlign: 'middle',
      borderWidth: 0
   };

   var series =  [
      {
         name: 'Tokyo',
         data: [7.0, 6.9, 9.5, 14.5, 18.2, 21.5, 25.2,  26.5, 23.3, 18.3, 13.9, 9.6]
      }, 
      {
         name: 'New York',
         data: [-0.2, 0.8, 5.7, 11.3, 17.0, 22.0, 24.8,   24.1, 20.1, 14.1, 8.6, 2.5]
      },
      {
         name: 'London',
         data: [3.9, 4.2, 5.7, 8.5, 11.9, 15.2, 17.0,  16.6, 14.2, 10.3, 6.6, 4.8]
      }
   ];

   var json = {};

   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.legend = legend;
   json.series = series;

   $('#container').highcharts(json);
});

2、带有数据标签曲线图表

var plotOptions = {
      line: {
         dataLabels: {
            enabled: true
         },   
         enableMouseTracking: false
      }
   };

3、异步加载数据曲线图表

var title = {
      text: 'Daily visits at www.highcharts.com'   
   };
var subtitle = {
      text: 'Source: Google Analytics'
   };
var xAxis = {
      tickInterval: 7 * 24 * 3600 * 1000, // 以每周为间隔设置 X 轴：one week
      tickWidth: 0,
      gridLineWidth: 1,
      labels: {
         align: 'left',
         x: 3,
         y: -3
      }
   };

   //以每周为间隔设置 Y 轴：
   //配置两个 Y 轴：
var yAxis = [{ // 左边 Y 轴
         title: {
            text: null
         },
         labels: {
            align: 'left',
            x: 3,
            y: 16,
            format: '{value:.,0f}'
         },
         showFirstLabel: false
      },{ // 右边 Y 轴
         linkedTo: 0,
         gridLineWidth: 0,
         opposite: true,
         title: {
            text: null
         },
         labels: {
            align: 'right',
            x: -3,
            y: 16,
            format: '{value:.,0f}'
         },
         showFirstLabel: false
      }
   ];   

   var tooltip = {
      shared: true,
      crosshairs: true
   }

   var legend = {
      align: 'left',
      verticalAlign: 'top',
      y: 20,
      floating: true,
      borderWidth: 0
   };

   var plotOptions = { //plotOptions用于设置图表中的数据点相关属性。
      series: {
         cursor: 'pointer',
         point: {
            events: {
               click: function (e) {
                  hs.htmlExpand(null, {
                     pageOrigin: {
                        x: e.pageX || e.clientX,
                        y: e.pageY || e.clientY
                     },
                     headingText: this.series.name,
                     maincontentText: Highcharts.dateFormat('%A, %b %e, %Y', this.x)   + ':
 ' + this.y + ' visits',
                     width: 200
                  });
               }
            }
         },
         marker: {
            lineWidth: 1
         }
      }
   }
   
   var series =  [{
         name: 'All visits',
         lineWidth: 4,
         marker: {
            radius: 4
         }
      }, {
         name: 'New visitors'
      }]

   var json = {};

   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.legend = legend;
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   
   $.getJSON('http://www.highcharts.com/samples/data/jsonp.php?filename=analytics.csv&callback=?', function (csv) {
      var data = {
         csv: csv
      };
      json.data = data;
      $('#container').highcharts(json);
   });   
});

返回的文件内容：

callback("# ----------------------------------------\n 
# highcharts.com\n# Audience Overview\n# 20171217-20180117\n 
# ----------------------------------------\n 
Day Index,Users,Sessions\n 
12/18/17,\"40,585\",\"48,351\"\n 
12/19/17,\"43,039\",\"51,499\"\n 
........

12/20/17,\"44,926\",\"53,359\"\n 
1/17/18,\"41,840\",\"50,285\" 
");

4、基于时间的，可缩放的曲线图表

var chart = {
      zoomType: 'x'
   }; 
   var title = {
      text: 'USD to EUR exchange rate from 2006 through 2008'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: document.ontouchstart === undefined ?
                    'Click and drag in the plot area to zoom in' :
                    'Pinch the chart to zoom in'
   };
   var xAxis = {
      type: 'datetime',
      minRange: 14 * 24 * 3600000 // 14 天
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Exchange rate'
      }
   };
   var legend = {
      enabled: false 
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      area: {
         fillColor: {
            linearGradient: { x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1},
            stops: [
               [0, Highcharts.getOptions().colors[0]],
               [1, Highcharts.Color(Highcharts.getOptions().colors[0]).setOpacity(0).get('rgba')]
            ]
         },
         marker: {
            radius: 2
         },
         lineWidth: 1,
         states: {
            hover: {
               lineWidth: 1
            }
         },
         threshold: null
      }
   };
   var series= [{
      type: 'area',
      name: 'USD to EUR',
      pointInterval: 24 * 3600 * 1000,
      pointStart: Date.UTC(2006, 0, 1),
      data: [
         0.8446, 0.8445, 0.8444, 0.8451,    0.8418, 0.8264,    0.8258, 0.8232,    0.8233, 0.8258,
         0.8283, 0.8278, 0.8256, 0.8292,    0.8239, 0.8239,    0.8245, 0.8265,    0.8261, 0.8269,
         0.8273, 0.8244, 0.8244, 0.8172,    0.8139, 0.8146,    0.8164, 0.82,    0.8269, 0.8269,
         0.8269, 0.8258, 0.8247, 0.8286,    0.8289, 0.8316,    0.832, 0.8333,    0.8352, 0.8357,
         0.8355, 0.8354, 0.8403, 0.8403,    0.8406, 0.8403,    0.8396, 0.8418,    0.8409, 0.8384,
         0.8386, 0.8372, 0.839, 0.84, 
         ]
      }
   ];
   
   var json = {};
   json.chart = chart;
   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.legend = legend;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

5、X 轴翻转曲线图

配置图表类型 type 为 spline。chart.type 默认为 "line"。

配置 X 轴翻转。inverted 设置为 true 即 X 轴翻转，默认为 false。

var chart = {
      type: 'spline',
      inverted: true
   }; 
   var title = {
      text: 'Atmosphere Temperature by Altitude'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'According to the Standard Atmosphere Model'
   };
   var xAxis = {
      reversed: false,
      title: {
         enabled: true,
         text: 'Altitude'
      },
      labels: {
         formatter: function () {
            return this.value + 'km';
         }
      },
      maxPadding: 0.05,
      showLastLabel: true
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Temperature'
      },
      labels: {
         formatter: function () {
            return this.value + '\xB0';
         }
      },
      lineWidth: 2
   };
   var legend = {
      enabled: false 
   };
   var tooltip = {
      headerFormat: '{series.name}
',
      pointFormat: '{point.x} km: {point.y}\xB0C'
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      spline: {
         marker: {
            enable: false
         }
      }
   };
   var series= [{
      name: 'Temperature',
      data: [[0, 15], [10, -50], [20, -56.5], [30, -46.5], [40, -22.1],
            [50, -2.5], [60, -27.7], [70, -55.7], [80, -76.5]]
   }];      
   
   
   var json = {};
   json.chart = chart;
   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.legend = legend;
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

6、带标记曲线图

我们使用 marker.symbol 属性来配置标记。标记可以是 'square', 'diamond' 或 图片 url。标记可以添加在任何的数据点上：

var chart = {
      type: 'spline'      
   }; 
   var title = {
      text: 'Monthly Average Temperature'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'Source: WorldClimate.com'
   };
   var xAxis = {
      categories: ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun',
         'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Temperature'
      },
      labels: {
         formatter: function () {
            return this.value + '\xB0';
         }
      },
      lineWidth: 2
   };
   var tooltip = {
      crosshairs: true,
      shared: true
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      spline: {
         marker: {
            radius: 4,
            lineColor: '#666666',
            lineWidth: 1
         }
      }
   };
   var series= [{
         name: 'Tokyo',
         marker: {
            symbol: 'square'
         },
         data: [7.0, 6.9, 9.5, 14.5, 18.2, 21.5, 25.2, {
            y: 26.5,
            marker: {
               symbol: 'url(http://www.highcharts.com/demo/gfx/sun.png)'
            }
         }, 23.3, 18.3, 13.9, 9.6]
      }, {
         name: 'London',
         marker: {
            symbol: 'diamond'
         },
         data: [{
            y: 3.9,
            marker: {
               symbol: 'url(http://www.highcharts.com/demo/gfx/snow.png)'
            }
         }, 4.2, 5.7, 8.5, 11.9, 15.2, 17.0, 16.6, 14.2, 10.3, 6.6, 4.8]
      }
   ];      
      
   var json = {};
   json.chart = chart;
   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

7、标示区曲线图

使用 yAxis.plotBands 属性来配置标示区。区间范围使用 'from' 和 'to' 属性。颜色设置使用 'color' 属性。标签样式使用 'label' 属性。

var chart = {
      type: 'spline'      
   }; 
   var title = {
      text: 'Wind speed during two days'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'October 6th and 7th 2009 at two locations in Vik i Sogn, Norway'
   };
   var xAxis = {
      type: 'datetime',
      labels: {
         overflow: 'justify'
      }
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Wind speed (m/s)'
      },
      min: 0,
      minorGridLineWidth: 0,
      gridLineWidth: 0,
      alternateGridColor: null,
      plotBands: [{ // Light air
         from: 0.3,
         to: 1.5,
         color: 'rgba(68, 170, 213, 0.1)',
         label: {
            text: 'Light air',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }
         }
      }, { // Light breeze
         from: 1.5,
         to: 3.3,
         color: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)',
         label: {
            text: 'Light breeze',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }
         }
      }, { // Gentle breeze
         from: 3.3,
         to: 5.5,
         color: 'rgba(68, 170, 213, 0.1)',
         label: {
            text: 'Gentle breeze',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }   
         }
      }, { // Moderate breeze
         from: 5.5,
         to: 8,
         color: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)',
         label: {
            text: 'Moderate breeze',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }
         }
      }, { // Fresh breeze
         from: 8,
         to: 11,
         color: 'rgba(68, 170, 213, 0.1)',
         label: {
            text: 'Fresh breeze',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }
         }
      }, { // Strong breeze
         from: 11,
         to: 14,
         color: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)',
         label: {
            text: 'Strong breeze',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }
         }   
      }, { // High wind
         from: 14,
         to: 15,
         color: 'rgba(68, 170, 213, 0.1)',
         label: {
            text: 'High wind',
            style: {
               color: '#606060'
            }
         }
      }]
   };
   var tooltip = {
      valueSuffix: ' m/s'
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      spline: {
         lineWidth: 4,
         states: {
            hover: {
               lineWidth: 5
            }
         },
         marker: {
            enabled: false
         },
         pointInterval: 3600000, // one hour
         pointStart: Date.UTC(2009, 9, 6, 0, 0, 0)
      }
   };
   var series= [{
         name: 'Vik i Sogn',      
         data: [4.3, 5.1, 4.3, 5.2, 5.4, 4.7, 3.5, 4.1, 5.6, 7.4, 6.9, 7.1,
         7.9, 7.9, 7.5, 6.7, 7.7, 7.7, 7.4, 7.0, 7.1, 5.8, 5.9, 7.4,
         8.2, 8.5, 9.4, 8.1, 10.9, 10.4, 10.9, 12.4, 12.1, 9.5, 7.5,
         7.1, 7.5, 8.1, 6.8, 3.4, 2.1, 1.9, 2.8, 2.9, 1.3, 4.4, 4.2,
         3.0, 3.0]
      }, {
         name: 'Norway',
         data: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.3, 0.0,
         0.0, 0.4, 0.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
         0.0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.7, 0.7, 2.9, 4.1, 2.6, 3.7, 3.9, 1.7, 2.3,
         3.0, 3.3, 4.8, 5.0, 4.8, 5.0, 3.2, 2.0, 0.9, 0.4, 0.3, 0.5, 0.4]
   }];     
   var navigation = {
      menuItemStyle: {
         fontSize: '10px'
      }
   }   
      
   var json = {};
   json.chart = chart;
   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   json.navigation = navigation;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

8、不规则时间间隔图表

var chart = {
      type: 'spline'      
   }; 
   var title = {
      text: 'Snow depth at Vikjafjellet, Norway'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'Irregular time data in Highcharts JS'
   };
   var xAxis = {
      type: 'datetime',
      dateTimeLabelFormats: { // don't display the dummy year
         month: '%e. %b',
         year: '%b'
      },
      title: {
         text: 'Date'
      }
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Snow depth (m)'
      },
      min: 0
   };
   var tooltip = {
      headerFormat: '{series.name}
',
      pointFormat: '{point.x:%e. %b}: {point.y:.2f} m'
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      spline: {
         marker: {
            enabled: true
         }
      }
   };
   var series= [{
         name: 'Winter 2007-2008',
            // Define the data points. All series have a dummy year
            // of 1970/71 in order to be compared on the same x axis. Note
            // that in JavaScript, months start at 0 for January, 1 for February etc.
         data: [
             [Date.UTC(1970,  9, 27), 0   ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 10, 10), 0.6 ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 10, 18), 0.7 ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11,  2), 0.8 ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11,  9), 0.6 ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11, 16), 0.6 ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11, 28), 0.67],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0,  1), 0.81],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0,  8), 0.78],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0, 12), 0.98],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0, 27), 1.84],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1, 10), 1.80],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1, 18), 1.80],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1, 24), 1.92],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2,  4), 2.49],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 11), 2.79],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 15), 2.73],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 25), 2.61],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3,  2), 2.76],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3,  6), 2.82],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3, 13), 2.8 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  4,  3), 2.1 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  4, 26), 1.1 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  5,  9), 0.25],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  5, 12), 0   ]
         ]
      }, {
         name: 'Winter 2008-2009',
         data: [
             [Date.UTC(1970,  9, 18), 0   ],
             [Date.UTC(1970,  9, 26), 0.2 ],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11,  1), 0.47],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11, 11), 0.55],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11, 25), 1.38],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0,  8), 1.38],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0, 15), 1.38],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1,  1), 1.38],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1,  8), 1.48],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1, 21), 1.5 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 12), 1.89],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 25), 2.0 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3,  4), 1.94],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3,  9), 1.91],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3, 13), 1.75],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3, 19), 1.6 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  4, 25), 0.6 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  4, 31), 0.35],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  5,  7), 0   ]
         ]
      }, {
         name: 'Winter 2009-2010',
         data: [
             [Date.UTC(1970,  9,  9), 0   ],
             [Date.UTC(1970,  9, 14), 0.15],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 10, 28), 0.35],
             [Date.UTC(1970, 11, 12), 0.46],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0,  1), 0.59],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  0, 24), 0.58],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1,  1), 0.62],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1,  7), 0.65],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  1, 23), 0.77],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2,  8), 0.77],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 14), 0.79],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  2, 24), 0.86],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3,  4), 0.8 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3, 18), 0.94],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  3, 24), 0.9 ],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  4, 16), 0.39],
             [Date.UTC(1971,  4, 21), 0   ]
         ]
      }
   ];     
      
   var json = {};
   json.chart = chart;
   json.title = title;
   json.subtitle = subtitle;
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

9、对数图表

配置 yAxis.type 为 'logarithmic'。它定义了 x 轴类型。可选值有 "linear", "logarithmic", "datetime" 或 "category"。默认值为linear。

var title = {
      text: '对数实例(runoob.com)'   
   };
   var xAxis = {
      tickInterval: 1
   };
   var yAxis = {
      type: 'logarithmic',
      minorTickInterval: 0.1
   };
   var tooltip = {
      headerFormat: '{series.name}
',
      pointFormat: 'x = {point.x}, y = {point.y}'
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      spline: {
         marker: {
            enabled: true
         }
      }
   };
   var series= [{
         name: 'data',
         data: [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512],
         pointStart: 1
      }
   ];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.title = title;   
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

五、条形图

1、基本条形图

设置 chart 的 type 属性 为 bar ，chart.type 描述了图表类型。默认值为 "line"。

var chart = {
      type: 'bar'
   };
   var title = {
      text: 'Historic World Population by Region'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'Source: Wikipedia.org'  
   };
   var xAxis = {
      categories: ['Africa', 'America', 'Asia', 'Europe', 'Oceania'],
      title: {
         text: null
      }
   };
   var yAxis = {
      min: 0,
      title: {
         text: 'Population (millions)',
         align: 'high'
      },
      labels: {
         overflow: 'justify'
      }
   };
   var tooltip = {
      valueSuffix: ' millions'
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      bar: {
         dataLabels: {
            enabled: true
         }
      }
   };
   var legend = {
      layout: 'vertical',
      align: 'right',
      verticalAlign: 'top',
      x: -40,
      y: 100,
      floating: true,
      borderWidth: 1,
      backgroundColor: ((Highcharts.theme && Highcharts.theme.legendBackgroundColor) || '#FFFFFF'),
      shadow: true
   };
   var credits = {
      enabled: false
   };
   
   var series= [{
         name: 'Year 1800',
            data: [107, 31, 635, 203, 2]
        }, {
            name: 'Year 1900',
            data: [133, 156, 947, 408, 6]
        }, {
            name: 'Year 2008',
            data: [973, 914, 4054, 732, 34]      
        }
   ];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.chart = chart; 
   json.title = title;   
   json.subtitle = subtitle; 
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   json.legend = legend;
   json.credits = credits;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

2、堆叠条形图

配置图表堆叠使用 plotOptions.series.stacking，并设置为 "normal"。

如果禁用堆叠可设置为 null ， "normal" 通过值设置堆叠， "percent" 堆叠则按百分比。

var plotOptions = {
      bar: {
         dataLabels: {
            enabled: true
         }
      },
      series: {
         stacking: 'normal'
      }
   };

3、反向条形图

使用负值的，反向条形图。

var series= [{
      name: 'John',
            data: [5, 3, 4, 7, 2]
        }, {
            name: 'Jane',
            data: [2, -2, -3, 2, 1]
        }, {
            name: 'Joe',
            data: [3, 4, 4, -2, 5]
      }
   ];

六 、柱形图

1、基本柱形图

var chart = {
      type: 'column'
   };
   var title = {
      text: '每月平均降雨量'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: 'Source: runoob.com'  
   };
   var xAxis = {
      categories: ['Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep','Oct','Nov','Dec'],
      crosshair: true
   };
   var yAxis = {
      min: 0,
      title: {
         text: '降雨量 (mm)'         
      }      
   };
   var tooltip = {
      headerFormat: '{point.key}',
      pointFormat: '' +
         '',
      footerFormat: '{series.name}: 	{point.y:.1f} mm',
      shared: true,
      useHTML: true
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      column: {
         pointPadding: 0.2,
         borderWidth: 0
      }
   };  
   var credits = {
      enabled: false
   };
   
   var series= [{
        name: 'Tokyo',
            data: [49.9, 71.5, 106.4, 129.2, 144.0, 176.0, 135.6, 148.5, 216.4, 194.1, 95.6, 54.4]
        }, {
            name: 'New York',
            data: [83.6, 78.8, 98.5, 93.4, 106.0, 84.5, 105.0, 104.3, 91.2, 83.5, 106.6, 92.3]
        }, {
            name: 'London',
            data: [48.9, 38.8, 39.3, 41.4, 47.0, 48.3, 59.0, 59.6, 52.4, 65.2, 59.3, 51.2]
        }, {
            name: 'Berlin',
            data: [42.4, 33.2, 34.5, 39.7, 52.6, 75.5, 57.4, 60.4, 47.6, 39.1, 46.8, 51.1]
   }];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.chart = chart; 
   json.title = title;   
   json.subtitle = subtitle; 
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;  
   json.credits = credits;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

2、反向柱形图

七、饼图

基本饼图

var chart = {
       plotBackgroundColor: null,
       plotBorderWidth: null,
       plotShadow: false
   };
   var title = {
      text: '2014 年各浏览器市场占有比例'   
   };      
   var tooltip = {
      pointFormat: '{series.name}: {point.percentage:.1f}%'
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      pie: {
         allowPointSelect: true,
         cursor: 'pointer',
         dataLabels: {
            enabled: true,
            format: '{point.name}%: {point.percentage:.1f} %',
            style: {
               color: (Highcharts.theme && Highcharts.theme.contrastTextColor) || 'black'
            }
         }
      }
   };
   var series= [{
      type: 'pie',
      name: 'Browser share',
      data: [
         ['Firefox',   45.0],
         ['IE',       26.8],
         {
            name: 'Chrome',
            y: 12.8,
            sliced: true,
            selected: true
         },
         ['Safari',    8.5],
         ['Opera',     6.2],
         ['Others',   0.7]
      ]
   }];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.chart = chart; 
   json.title = title;     
   json.tooltip = tooltip;  
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);  
});

八、3D图

3D 柱形图

设置 chart 的 type 属性为 column，options3d 选项可设置三维效果。

var chart = {
      renderTo: 'container',
      type: 'column',
      margin: 75,
      options3d: {
         enabled: true,
         alpha: 15,
         beta: 15,
         depth: 50,
         viewDistance: 25
      }
   };
   var title = {
      text: '图表旋转实例'   
   };
   var subtitle = {
      text: '通过拖动下面的滑块测试'  
   };
   
   var plotOptions = {
      column: {
         depth: 25
      }
   };
   var series= [{
      data: [29.9, 71.5, 106.4, 129.2, 144.0, 176.0, 135.6, 148.5, 216.4, 194.1, 95.6, 54.4]
   }];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.chart = chart; 
   json.title = title;   
   json.subtitle = subtitle;    
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   var highchart = new Highcharts.Chart(json);
  
   function showValues() {
      $('#R0-value').html(highchart.options.chart.options3d.alpha);
      $('#R1-value').html(highchart.options.chart.options3d.beta);
   }

   // Activate the sliders
   $('#R0').on('change', function () {
      highchart.options.chart.options3d.alpha = this.value;
      showValues();
      highchart.redraw(false);
   });
   $('#R1').on('change', function () {
      highchart.options.chart.options3d.beta = this.value;
      showValues();
      highchart.redraw(false);
   });

   showValues();
});

九、测量图（仪表图）

测量图

var chart = {      
      type: 'gauge',
      plotBackgroundColor: null,
      plotBackgroundImage: null,
      plotBorderWidth: 0,
      plotShadow: false
   };
   var title = {
      text: '车速表'   
   };     

   var pane = {
      startAngle: -150,
      endAngle: 150,
      background: [{
         backgroundColor: {
            linearGradient: { x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1 },
            stops: [
               [0, '#FFF'],
               [1, '#333']
            ]
         },
         borderWidth: 0,
         outerRadius: '109%'
      }, {
         backgroundColor: {
            linearGradient: { x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1 },
            stops: [
               [0, '#333'],
               [1, '#FFF']
            ]
         },
         borderWidth: 1,
         outerRadius: '107%'
     }, {
         // default background
     }, {
         backgroundColor: '#DDD',
         borderWidth: 0,
         outerRadius: '105%',
         innerRadius: '103%'
     }]
   };

   // the value axis
   var yAxis = {
      min: 0,
      max: 200,

      minorTickInterval: 'auto',
      minorTickWidth: 1,
      minorTickLength: 10,
      minorTickPosition: 'inside',
      minorTickColor: '#666',

      tickPixelInterval: 30,
      tickWidth: 2,
      tickPosition: 'inside',
      tickLength: 10,
      tickColor: '#666',
      labels: {
         step: 2,
         rotation: 'auto'
      },
      title: {
         text: 'km/h'
      },
      plotBands: [{
         from: 0,
         to: 120,
         color: '#55BF3B' // green
      }, {
         from: 120,
         to: 160,
         color: '#DDDF0D' // yellow
      }, {
         from: 160,
         to: 200,
         color: '#DF5353' // red
      }]
   };

   var series= [{
        name: 'Speed',
        data: [80],
        tooltip: {
           valueSuffix: ' km/h'
        }
   }];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.chart = chart; 
   json.title = title;       
   json.pane = pane; 
   json.yAxis = yAxis; 
   json.series = series;     
   
   // Add some life
   var chartFunction = function (chart) {
      if (!chart.renderer.forExport) {
         setInterval(function () {
         var point = chart.series[0].points[0], newVal, inc = Math.round((Math.random() - 0.5) * 20);
         newVal = point.y + inc;
         if (newVal < 0 || newVal > 200) {
            newVal = point.y - inc;
         }
         point.update(newVal);
         }, 3000);
      }
   };
   
   $('#container').highcharts(json,chartFunction);
});

十、组合图

柱形图，线条图，饼图

var title = {
      text: 'Combination chart'   
   };
   var xAxis = {
      categories: ['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Pears', 'Bananas', 'Plums']
   };
   var labels = {
      items: [{
         html: '水果消费',
            style: {
               left: '50px',
               top: '18px',
               color: (Highcharts.theme && Highcharts.theme.textColor) || 'black'
            }
      }]
   };
   var series= [{
        type: 'column',
            name: 'Jane',
            data: [3, 2, 1, 3, 4]
        }, {
            type: 'column',
            name: 'John',
            data: [2, 3, 5, 7, 6]
        }, {
            type: 'column',
            name: 'Joe',
            data: [4, 3, 3, 9, 0]
        }, {
            type: 'spline',
            name: 'Average',
            data: [3, 2.67, 3, 6.33, 3.33],
            marker: {
                lineWidth: 2,
                lineColor: Highcharts.getOptions().colors[3],
                fillColor: 'white'
            }
        }, {
            type: 'pie',
            name: '总消费',
            data: [{
                name: 'Jane',
                y: 13,
                color: Highcharts.getOptions().colors[0] // Jane 的颜色
            }, {
                name: 'John',
                y: 23,
                color: Highcharts.getOptions().colors[1] // John 的颜色
            }, {
                name: 'Joe',
                y: 19,
                color: Highcharts.getOptions().colors[2] // Joe 的颜色
            }],
            center: [100, 80],
            size: 100,
            showInLegend: false,
            dataLabels: {
                enabled: false
            }
      }
   ];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.title = title;   
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.labels = labels;  
   json.series = series;
   $('#container').highcharts(json);  
});

十一、动态图

每秒更新曲线图

chart.event 属性中添加 load 方法（图表加载事件）。在 1000 毫秒内随机产生数据点并生成图表。

var chart = {
      type: 'spline',
      animation: Highcharts.svg, // don't animate in IE < IE 10.
      marginRight: 10,
      events: {
         load: function () {
            // set up the updating of the chart each second
            var series = this.series[0];
            setInterval(function () {
               var x = (new Date()).getTime(), // current time
               y = Math.random();
               series.addPoint([x, y], true, true);
            }, 1000);
         }
      }
   };
   var title = {
      text: 'Live random data'   
   };   
   var xAxis = {
      type: 'datetime',
      tickPixelInterval: 150
   };
   var yAxis = {
      title: {
         text: 'Value'
      },
      plotLines: [{
         value: 0,
         width: 1,
         color: '#808080'
      }]
   };
   var tooltip = {
      formatter: function () {
      return '' + this.series.name + '
' +
         Highcharts.dateFormat('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', this.x) + '
' +
         Highcharts.numberFormat(this.y, 2);
      }
   };
   var plotOptions = {
      area: {
         pointStart: 1940,
         marker: {
            enabled: false,
            symbol: 'circle',
            radius: 2,
            states: {
               hover: {
                 enabled: true
               }
            }
         }
      }
   };
   var legend = {
      enabled: false
   };
   var exporting = {
      enabled: false
   };
   var series= [{
      name: 'Random data',
      data: (function () {
         // generate an array of random data
         var data = [],time = (new Date()).getTime(),i;
         for (i = -19; i <= 0; i += 1) {
            data.push({
               x: time + i * 1000,
               y: Math.random()
            });
         }
         return data;
      }())    
   }];     
      
   var json = {};   
   json.chart = chart; 
   json.title = title;     
   json.tooltip = tooltip;
   json.xAxis = xAxis;
   json.yAxis = yAxis; 
   json.legend = legend;  
   json.exporting = exporting;   
   json.series = series;
   json.plotOptions = plotOptions;
   
   
   Highcharts.setOptions({
      global: {
         useUTC: false
      }
   });
   $('#container').highcharts(json);
  
});

到此这篇关于JavaScript图表插件highcharts的文章就介绍到这了。希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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