Android实现MVVM架构数据刷新详解流程

2021-10-28 16:03:31 作者：FranzLiszt1847

MVVM架构模式，即Model-View-ViewModel三个层级，MVVM模式出来的时间已经很长了，网上关于MVVM模式的解析也有很多，我这里只说一下我自己的理解，基本上是和MVP模式相比较的一个差异

效果图

示例结构图

代码解析

导入dataBinding

 dataBinding{
            enabled = true
        }

实体类

继承BaseObservable

public class Sensor extends BaseObservable

为字段添加@Bindable

 @Bindable
    public String getTmpValue() {
        return tmpValue;
    }

显示图片

图片添加@BindingAdapter

@BindingAdapter( "tmpImage" )

示例采用本地图片，没有采用网络图片

@BindingAdapter( "tmpImage" )
    public static void setTmpImage(ImageView view, int tmpImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( tmpImage ) );
    }

为图片路径绑定字段

@Bindable
    public int getTmpImage() {
        return tmpImage;
    }

绑定实体类

<layout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <data>
        <variable
            name="viewmodel"
            type="com.franzliszt.refreshdata.viewmodel.ViewModel" />
    </data>
    <layout/>

根据设置@BindingAdapter( “tmpImage” )设置里的内容，设置属性

<ImageView
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    tmpImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.tmpImage}"
    android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>

实体类全部代码

public class Sensor extends BaseObservable {
    private String tmpValue;
    private String humValue;
    private String lightValue;
    private String humanValue;
    private String smokeValue;
    private String fireValue;
    private int tmpImage;
    private int humImage;
    private int lightImage;
    private int humanImage;
    private int smokeImage;
    private int fireImage;
    public Sensor(){

    }
    public Sensor(int tmpImage,int humImage,int lightImage,int humanImage,int smokeImage,int fireImage){
        this.tmpImage = tmpImage;
        this.humImage = humImage;
        this.lightImage = lightImage;
        this.humanImage = humanImage;
        this.smokeImage = smokeImage;
        this.fireImage = fireImage;
    }
    @Bindable
    public String getTmpValue() {
        return tmpValue;
    }

    public void setTmpValue(String tmpValue) {
        this.tmpValue = tmpValue;
        notifyPropertyChanged( BR.tmpValue );
    }
    @Bindable
    public String getHumValue() {
        return humValue;
    }

    public void setHumValue(String humValue) {
        this.humValue = humValue;
        notifyPropertyChanged( BR.humValue );
    }
    @Bindable
    public String getLightValue() {
        return lightValue;
    }

    public void setLightValue(String lightValue) {
        this.lightValue = lightValue;
        notifyPropertyChanged( BR.lightValue );
    }
    @Bindable
    public String getHumanValue() {
        return humanValue;
    }

    public void setHumanValue(String humanValue) {
        this.humanValue = humanValue;
        notifyPropertyChanged( BR.humanValue );
    }
    @Bindable
    public String getSmokeValue() {
        return smokeValue;
    }

    public void setSmokeValue(String smokeValue) {
        this.smokeValue = smokeValue;
        notifyPropertyChanged( BR.smokeValue );
    }
    @Bindable
    public String getFireValue() {
        return fireValue;
    }

    public void setFireValue(String fireValue) {
        this.fireValue = fireValue;
        notifyPropertyChanged( BR.fireValue );
    }
    @Bindable
    public int getTmpImage() {
        return tmpImage;
    }
    @BindingAdapter( "tmpImage" )
    public static void setTmpImage(ImageView view, int tmpImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( tmpImage ) );
    }
    @Bindable
    public int getLightImage() {
        return lightImage;
    }
    @BindingAdapter( "lightImage" )
    public static void setLightImage(ImageView view,int lightImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( lightImage ) );
    }
    @Bindable
    public int getHumanImage() {
        return humanImage;
    }
    @BindingAdapter( "humanImage" )
    public static void setHumanImage(ImageView view,int humanImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( humanImage ) );
    }
    @Bindable
    public int getSmokeImage() {
        return smokeImage;
    }
    @BindingAdapter( "smokeImage" )
    public static void setSmokeImage(ImageView view,int smokeImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( smokeImage ) );
    }
    @Bindable
    public int getFireImage() {
        return fireImage;
    }
    @BindingAdapter( "fireImage" )
    public static void setFireImage(ImageView view,int fireImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( fireImage ) );
    }
    @Bindable
    public int getHumImage() {
        return humImage;
    }
    @BindingAdapter( "humImage" )
    public static void setHumImage(ImageView view,int humImage) {
        view.setImageDrawable( view.getContext().getResources().getDrawable( humImage ) );
    }
}

xml视图

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <data>
        <variable
            name="viewmodel"
            type="com.franzliszt.refreshdata.viewmodel.ViewModel" />
    </data>
<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".view.MainActivity"
    android:layout_margin="30dp">

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:background="@drawable/item_bg_style"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
    android:paddingTop="10dp">
<ImageView
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    tmpImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.tmpImage}"
    android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
   <TextView
       android:layout_width="0dp"
       android:layout_weight="1"
       android:layout_height="50dp"
       android:text="温度值:"
       android:textColor="#ffffff"
       android:textSize="20sp"
       android:gravity="center"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="@{viewmodel.sensor.tmpValue}"
        android:textColor="#ffffff"
        android:textSize="25sp"
        android:gravity="center"/>
</LinearLayout>
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:background="@drawable/item_bg_style"
            android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
            android:paddingTop="10dp">
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="50dp"
                humImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.humImage}"
                android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
            <TextView
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="50dp"
                android:text="湿度值:"
                android:textColor="#ffffff"
                android:textSize="20sp"
                android:gravity="center"/>
            <TextView
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="50dp"
                android:text="@{viewmodel.sensor.humValue}"
                android:textColor="#ffffff"
                android:textSize="25sp"
                android:gravity="center"/>
        </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="@drawable/item_bg_style"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:paddingTop="10dp">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            lightImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.lightImage}"
            android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="光照值:"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="@{viewmodel.sensor.lightValue}"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="25sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="@drawable/item_bg_style"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:paddingTop="10dp">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            smokeImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.smokeImage}"
            android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="烟雾值:"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="@{viewmodel.sensor.smokeValue}"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="25sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="@drawable/item_bg_style"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:paddingTop="10dp">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            fireImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.fireImage}"
            android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="火焰值:"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="@{viewmodel.sensor.fireValue}"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="25sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="@drawable/item_bg_style"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:paddingTop="10dp">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            humanImage="@{viewmodel.sensor.humanImage}"
            android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="人体红外:"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="@{viewmodel.sensor.humanValue}"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:textSize="25sp"
            android:gravity="center"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
</layout>

VM

接收数据

调用Handle类的接口，接收传感器数据(随机数据)

  private void InitData(){
       handle.setHandleDta( new Handle.HandleData() {
           @Override
           public void getSensorValue(int[] value) {
                 new Thread( ()->{
                  while (true){
                      try {
                          Thread.sleep( 5000 );
                      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                          e.printStackTrace();
                      }
                      sensor.setTmpValue( value[0]+"℃");
                      sensor.setHumValue( value[1]+"RH" );
                      sensor.setLightValue( value[2]+"LUX" );
                      sensor.setSmokeValue( value[3]+"%" );
                      sensor.setFireValue( value[4]+"%" );
                      sensor.setHumanValue( value[5] == 1 ? "有人" : "无人" );
                  }
              } ).start();
          }
      });
  }

发送数据

建立接口，回调数据

  public interface HandleData{
        void getSensorValue(int[] value);
    }
    public void setHandleDta(HandleData handleDta){
        int[] value = ReturnData();
        handleDta.getSensorValue(value);
    }

制造数据

private void RefreshSensorValue(){
          thread = new Thread( ()->{
            while (true){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep( 2000 );
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                /*温度*/
                value[0] = RandomRange(35,30);
                /*湿度*/
                value[1] = RandomRange(80,75);
                /*光照值*/
                value[2] = RandomRange(120,100);
                /*烟雾*/
                value[3] = RandomRange(60,50);
                /*火焰*/
                value[4] = RandomRange(30,25);
                /*红外*/
                value[5] = RandomRange(2,0);
                Log.d( "TAG",value[5]+"" );
            }
        } );
        thread.start();
    }

绑定视图与数据层

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );
        binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView( this,R.layout.activity_main );
        binding.setViewmodel( new ViewModel() );
    }
}

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