使用spring aop 统一捕获异常和写日志的示例demo
作者：noobrookie
本文通过一个小demo给大家介绍spring AOP 实现的异常捕获和日志的方法技巧，本文通过实例代码给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友参考下吧
之前给大家介绍过Spring AOP的基础知识，需要的朋友点击了解下吧，这边我将给您介绍用spring AOP 实现的异常捕获和日志的小demo，我也会详细解释相关配置。
首先给大家看一下我的工程目录：
大家可以先用eclipse中新建一个maven工程，在工程中pom.xml按下面文件添加依赖：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zy</groupId>
<artifactId>AOPException</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>AOPException Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
<version>2.18.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>AOPException</finalName>
</build>
</project>
添加完依赖后，开始配置web.xml文件，如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>exception-test-web</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>//这边是加载spring的配置文件
/WEB-INF/config/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
<param-value>production</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
//这边是加载spring的配置文件
<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-mvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <session-config> <session-timeout>20</session-timeout> </session-config></web-app>
配置完web.xml后，你可开始配置spring配置文件了，也就是applicationContext.xml文件。如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<description>Spring公共配置</description>
<!-- 使用annotation 自动注册bean, 并保证@Required、@Autowired的属性被注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zy.test">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />//不扫描controller注解类
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />//不扫描ControllerAdvice注解类
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
然后配置spring-mvc-config.xml文件，如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd ">
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zy.test" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />//扫描COntroller注解类
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />//扫描ControllerAdvice注解类
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8" />
<property name="writeAcceptCharset" value="false" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="prettyPrint" value="true" />
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--
<bean class="com.zy.test.config.ExceptionConfig"/>
-->
<!-- 这里的配置可以通过 com.zy.test.config.ExceptionConfig这个注解类来完成 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />
<bean class="com.zy.test.aspect.WebExceptionAspect" scope="singleton"/> //配置了单例
</beans>
上面spring容器和spring-mvc容器中扫描的类不一样，是为了区分两个容器的职责，spring-mvc负责controller控制器这块的类。因为我们的异常捕获是从controller类往外抛，所以我们对于aspect类也放在spring-mvc容器中。
下面就开始介绍我们的切面类：
package com.zy.test.aspect;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.zy.test.annotation.ArchivesLog;
/**
* web 异常切面
* @author user
*
*/
@Aspect
public class WebExceptionAspect {
@Pointcut("@annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping)")//连接点是@RequestMapping注解的方法
private void webPointcut() {}
@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "webPointcut()", throwing = "e")//切点在webpointCut()
public void handleThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception e) {//controller类抛出的异常在这边捕获
String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
//开始打log
System.out.println("异常:" + e.getMessage());
System.out.println("异常所在类：" + className);
System.out.println("异常所在方法：" + methodName);
System.out.println("异常中的参数：");
System.out.println(methodName);
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
System.out.println(args[i].toString());
}
}
@Before("execution(* com.zy.test.controller.*.*(..))")
public void beforeProcess(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
//在项目中最好记录当前操作的时间和用户
System.out.println("操作所在类：" + className);
System.out.println("操作所在方法：" + methodName);
System.out.println("操作中的参数：");
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
System.out.println(args[i].toString());
}
}
@AfterReturning(value = "execution(* com.zy.test.controller.*.*(..)))", returning = "returnVal")
public void returnProcess(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object returnVal) {
String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
Class targetClass = null;
String operationName = "";
try {
targetClass = Class.forName(className);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Method[] methods = targetClass.getMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
if (method.getName().equals(methodName)) {
Class[] clazzs = method.getParameterTypes();
if (clazzs != null && clazzs.length == args.length&&
method.getAnnotation(ArchivesLog.class)!=null) {//这块是取出我们注解ArchiveLog中的值,一遍在日志时明确这个操作的名称
operationName = method.getAnnotation(ArchivesLog.class).operationName();
break;
}
}
}
System.out.println("操作名称：" + operationName);
System.out.println("方法正常返回的值：" + returnVal);
}
}
这边我们需要自定义注解：
package com.zy.test.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD}) //注解可以用于参数或者方法上
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) //保留至运行时
@Documented//被javadoc所记录
public @interface ArchivesLog {
/**
* 操作类型
@return
*/
public String operationType() default "";
/**
* 操作名称
@return
*/
public String operationName() default "";
}
然后定义我们的controller类：
package com.zy.test.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.zy.test.annotation.ArchivesLog;
import com.zy.test.service.ExceptionService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/exception")
public class ExceptionController {
@Autowired
private ExceptionService service;
@RequestMapping(value = "/test/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = "application/json;charset=UTF-8" )
@ResponseBody
@ArchivesLog(operationType = "测试", operationName = "测试异常或者测试返回")
public JSONObject test(@PathVariable Integer id) throws Exception {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("zhouyu", "asdasdasdasd");
// try {//去掉注释可以测捕获的异常，不去掉注释可以测日志处理
// service.test();
// } catch (Exception ex) {
// throw new Exception("controller 层 异常");
// }
return result;
}
}
service接口：
package com.zy.test.service;
public interface ExceptionServiceBase {
void test() throws Exception;
}
service实现类：
package com.zy.test.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class ExceptionService implements ExceptionServiceBase{
public void test() throws Exception {
boolean flag = true;
if(flag) {
throw new Exception("service 异常");
}
}
}
其中工程中的ExceptionConfig是一个配置类，用于扫描包的。但是如果你是用配置文件的化，这个文件就不用了，这边就不说了。
github上可以拉到新代码：代码在这里
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