Python趣味挑战之pygame实现无敌好看的百叶窗动态效果
作者:dhjabc_1
一、案例知识点概述
(一)使用到的python库
使用pygame库、random库和os、sys等系统库。
其中:
pygame库实现主体功能,提供窗口界面显示、动态效果展示等
random库实现随机数的生成,通过随机数实现动态百叶窗的上下左右选择、百叶窗的数量选择等功能。 os库实现图片资源的装载和读取。
sys库实现退出操作等。
(二) 整体实现逻辑
通过WIDTH = 600
和 HEIGHT = 600
设置窗口的高度和宽度
通过runimage
和 nextimage
设置当前显示的图像和下一张要显示的图像
通过num_part = random.randint(3,8)
来设置要显示的百叶窗的数量
通过num_list = []
保存当前runimage拆分出来的百叶窗的surface资源,用于在百叶窗动态效果过程中显示。
通过choose
来设置是上下运动还是左右运动。
二、准备工作
(一)实现pygame的主窗口
import pygame,sys pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500)) pygame.display.set_caption('大小框展示') fcclock = pygame.time.Clock() while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() fcclock.tick(60) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
黑黑的框,不截图了。大家都懂。
(二)贴个图显示得好看点
import pygame,sys pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500)) pygame.display.set_caption('大小框展示') fcclock = pygame.time.Clock() img = pygame.image.load('./image/aerial-alpine-ceresole-reale-desktop-backgrounds-1562.jpg').convert_alpha() img = pygame.transform.scale(img, (500, 500)) while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() screen.blit(img,(0,0)) fcclock.tick(60) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
(三)图片从哪里来
这里建议直接通过网络上下载免费的、好看的图片,并保存在指定的文件夹,用于过程中展现。
我认为有三种方法:
其一:使用爬虫技术从网上下载图片,可以开一个子线程负责采集网上图片,然后加载到list列表中;
其二:可以直接对电脑中所有的盘进行自动检索,然后加载到list列表中; 其三:指定目录,然后加载到list列表中;
我这里偷个懒,选择第三种方法实现。
具体实现代码如下:
path = './image/' files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs: files.append(path + diretion)
(四)图片装载
我为什么在初始化的时候就进行装载呢?
原因是:解决效率问题,无需每次使用时重复加载,而且在初始化的时候就适配屏幕大小进行图片缩放。
因此,我把这个过程打包成一个函数,方便后续调用,而且参数传递为:屏幕的大小。然后返回bglist对象。
for file in files: picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (1440, 900)) dSurface = picture # dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert() bglist.append(dSurface)
OK,图片有了,窗口有了,那么就开始实现我们的业务逻辑吧。
三、核心功能模块
(一)实现init_image函数初始化加载图片到surface对象
def init_image(): path = './image/' files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs: files.append(path + diretion) for file in files: picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (WIDTH, HEIGHT)) dSurface = picture # dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert() bglist.append(dSurface)
(二)初始化相关变量
runimage = None nextimage = None flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False choose = 6 num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse<=num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1
这里,建议大家思考一下为什么要引入变量flag和flag2
(三)每次百叶窗切换完之后重置
def reset(): global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False choose = random.randint(6,7) if nextimage is None: nextimage = random.choice(bglist) if runimage is None: runimage = random.choice(bglist) else: runimage = nextimage nextimage = random.choice(bglist) num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse <= num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1
(四)实现百叶窗动态切换的run函数
def run(): global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list reset() while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if flag is False:# FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag = True flag2 = False screen.fill((255, 255, 255)) # 设置背景为白色 if flag: if choose==6: select_rect = [] kk = 0 while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH/num_part,0,WIDTH/num_part,HEIGHT) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1 screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) mm = 0 for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1: screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, -j)) else: screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, j)) mm += 1 j += step if j >= HEIGHT: flag2 = True elif choose==7: select_rect = [] kk = 0 while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(0,kk * HEIGHT/num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT/num_part) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1 screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) mm = 0 for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1: screen.blit(each[0], (-i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) else: screen.blit(each[0], (i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) mm += 1 i += step if i >= WIDTH: flag2 = True else: screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) screen.blit(runimage, (0, 0)) if flag2: reset() fcclock.tick(fps) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
(五)主函数
if __name__ == '__main__': init_image() run()
四、完整代码
import sys, pygame import os import random pygame.init() # 初始化pygame类 WIDTH = 600 HEIGHT = 600 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) # 设置窗口大小 pygame.display.set_caption('美丽的屏保') # 设置窗口标题 tick = pygame.time.Clock() fps = 60 # 设置刷新率,数字越大刷新率越高 fcclock = pygame.time.Clock() runimage = None nextimage = None flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False choose = 6 num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse<=num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1 def init_image(): path = './image/' files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs: files.append(path + diretion) for file in files: picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (WIDTH, HEIGHT)) dSurface = picture bglist.append(dSurface) def reset(): global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False i = 0 j = 0 choose = random.randint(6,7) if nextimage is None: nextimage = random.choice(bglist) if runimage is None: runimage = random.choice(bglist) else: runimage = nextimage nextimage = random.choice(bglist) num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 记录分成多少块矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse <= num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1 def run(): global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list reset() while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if flag is False:# FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag = True flag2 = False screen.fill((255, 255, 255)) # 设置背景为白色 if flag: if choose==6: select_rect = [] kk = 0 while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH/num_part,0,WIDTH/num_part,HEIGHT) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1 screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) mm = 0 for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1: screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, -j)) else: screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, j)) mm += 1 j += step if j >= HEIGHT: flag2 = True elif choose==7: select_rect = [] kk = 0 while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(0,kk * HEIGHT/num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT/num_part) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1 screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) mm = 0 for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1: screen.blit(each[0], (-i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) else: screen.blit(each[0], (i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) mm += 1 i += step if i >= WIDTH: flag2 = True else: screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) screen.blit(runimage, (0, 0)) if flag2: reset() fcclock.tick(fps) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口 if __name__ == '__main__': init_image() run()
五、运行效果
OK,写完,其实还是蛮有趣的,大家可以自动动手敲敲,也许比我写的更好。
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