详解Angular路由动画及高阶动画函数
作者：starof
本文主要讲解了Angular的路由动画和高阶动画函数，对此感兴趣的同学，可以把代码亲自实验一下，理解其原理。
一、路由动画
路由动画需要在host元数据中指定触发器。动画注意不要过多，否则适得其反。
内容优先，引导用户去注意到某个内容。动画只是辅助手段。
在router.animate.ts中定义一个进场动画，一个离场动画。
因为进场动画和离场动画用的特别频繁，有一个别名叫:enter和:leave。
import { trigger, state, transition, style, animate} from '@angular/animations';
export const slideToRight = trigger('routeAnim',[
state('void',style({'position':'fixed','width':'100%','height':'100%'})),
state('*',style({'position':'fixed','width':'100%','height':'80%'})),
transition('void => *',[
style({transform:'translateX(-100%)'}),
animate('.5s ease-in-out', style({transform:'translateX(0)'}))
]),
transition('* => void',[
style({transform:'translateX(0)'}),
animate('.5s ease-in-out', style({transform:'translateX(100%)'}))
]),
]);
在project-list中使用路由动画。
import { Component, OnInit , HostBinding } from "@angular/core";
import { MatDialog } from "@angular/material";
import { NewProjectComponent } from "../new-project/new-project.component";
import { InviteComponent } from '../invite/invite.component';
import { ConfirmDialogComponent } from '../../shared/confirm-dialog/confirm-dialog.component';
import {slideToRight} from '../../animate/router.animate'
@Component({
selector: "app-project-list",
templateUrl: "./project-list.component.html",
styleUrls: ["./project-list.component.scss"],
animations:[
slideToRight
]
})
export class ProjectListComponent implements OnInit {
@HostBinding('@routeAnim') state;
projects = [
{
name: "企业协作平台",
desc: "这是一个企业内部项目",
coverImg: "assets/images/covers/0.jpg"
},
{
name: "自动化测试项目",
desc: "这是一个企业内部项目",
coverImg: "assets/images/covers/2.jpg"
}
];
constructor(private dialog: MatDialog) { }
ngOnInit() { }
openNewProjectDialog() {
// this.dialog.open(NewProjectComponent,{data:'this is a dialog'});
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewProjectComponent, {
data: { title: '新建项目' }
});
dialogRef.afterClosed().subscribe((result) => {
console.log(result);
});
}
lauchInviteDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(InviteComponent);
}
lauchUpdateDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewProjectComponent, {
data: { title: '编辑项目' }
});
}
lauchConfimDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(ConfirmDialogComponent, {
data: { title: '编辑项目', content: '您确认删除该项目吗？' }
});
}
}
在task-home中使用路由动画。
import { Component, OnInit , HostBinding } from "@angular/core";
import { NewTaskComponent } from "../new-task/new-task.component";
import { MatDialog } from "@angular/material";
import { CopyTaskComponent } from "../copy-task/copy-task.component";
import { ConfirmDialogComponent } from "../../shared/confirm-dialog/confirm-dialog.component";
import { NewTaskListComponent } from "../new-task-list/new-task-list.component";
import {slideToRight} from '../../animate/router.animate';
@Component({
selector: "app-task-home",
templateUrl: "./task-home.component.html",
styleUrls: ["./task-home.component.scss"],
animations:[
slideToRight
]
})
export class TaskHomeComponent implements OnInit {
constructor(private dialog: MatDialog) {}
@HostBinding('@routeAnim') state;
ngOnInit() {}
launchNewTaskDialog() {
// this.dialog.open(NewTaskComponent);
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewTaskComponent, {
data: { title: "新建任务" }
});
}
lauchCopyTaskDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(CopyTaskComponent, {
data: { lists: this.lists }
});
}
launchUpdateTaskDialog(task) {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewTaskComponent, {
data: { title: "修改任务", task: task }
});
}
launchConfirmDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(ConfirmDialogComponent, {
data: { title: "删除任务列表", content: "您确定要删除该任务列表吗？" }
});
}
launchEditListDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewTaskListComponent, {
data: { title: "更改列表名称" }
});
dialogRef.afterClosed().subscribe(result => console.log(result));
}
launchNewListDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewTaskListComponent, {
data: { title: "新建列表名称" }
});
dialogRef.afterClosed().subscribe(result => console.log(result));
}
lists = [
{
id: 1,
name: "待办",
tasks: [
{
id: 1,
desc: "任务一： 去星巴克买咖啡",
completed: true,
priority: 3,
owner: {
id: 1,
name: "张三",
avatar: "avatars:svg-11"
},
dueDate: new Date(),
reminder: new Date()
},
{
id: 2,
desc: "任务一： 完成老板布置的PPT作业",
completed: false,
priority: 2,
owner: {
id: 2,
name: "李四",
avatar: "avatars:svg-12"
},
dueDate: new Date()
}
]
},
{
id: 2,
name: "进行中",
tasks: [
{
id: 1,
desc: "任务三： 项目代码评审",
completed: false,
priority: 1,
owner: {
id: 1,
name: "王五",
avatar: "avatars:svg-13"
},
dueDate: new Date()
},
{
id: 2,
desc: "任务一： 制定项目计划",
completed: false,
priority: 2,
owner: {
id: 2,
name: "李四",
avatar: "avatars:svg-12"
},
dueDate: new Date()
}
]
}
];
}
定义路由
<mat-list-item [routerLink]="['/project']">
<mat-icon mat-list-icon svgIcon="projects"></mat-icon>
<h4 mat-line>项目首页</h4>
<p mat-line mat-subheader> 查看您的所有项目</p>
</mat-list-item>
<mat-list-item [routerLink]="['/task']">
<mat-icon mat-list-icon svgIcon="projects"></mat-icon>
<h4 mat-line>任务首页</h4>
<p mat-line mat-subheader> 查看您的所有项目</p>
</mat-list-item>
注意：一定要用HostBinding形式。
二、Group
用于同时进行一组动画变换
group([animate(...),animate(...)...])接收一个数组，数组里写多个动画。
import { trigger, state, transition, style, animate, group} from '@angular/animations';
export const slideToRight = trigger('routeAnim',[
state('void',style({'position':'fixed','width':'100%','height':'80%'})),
state('*',style({'position':'fixed','width':'100%','height':'80%'})),
transition(':enter',[
style({transform:'translateX(-100%)',opacity:'0'}),
group([
animate('.5s ease-in-out', style({transform:'translateX(0)'})),
animate('.3s ease-in', style({opacity:1}))
])
]),
transition(':leave',[
style({transform:'translateX(0)',opacity:'1'}),
group([
animate('.5s ease-in-out', style({transform:'translateX(100%)'})),
animate('.3s ease-in', style({opacity:0}))
])
]),
]);
三、Query & Stagger
Query用于父节点寻找子节点，把动画应用到选中元素。非常强大。
Stagger指定有多个满足Query的元素，每个的动画之间有间隔。
做一个示例：新建的时候同时新建2个项目，两个新建出的项目的动画依次产生，第一个完成后才开始第二个。
建立list.animate.ts
进场动画，先隐藏起来，通过stagger间隔1000s做一个1s的动画。
import { trigger, state, transition, style, animate, query, animation,stagger} from '@angular/animations';
export const listAnimation = trigger('listAnim', [
transition('* => *', [
query(':enter', style({opacity: 0}), { optional: true }), //加入optional为true,后面的状态动画都是可选的
query(':enter', stagger(1000, [
animate('1s', style({opacity: 1}))
]), { optional: true }),
query(':leave', style({opacity: 1}), { optional: true }),
query(':leave', stagger(1000, [
animate('1s', style({opacity: 0}))
]), { optional: true })
])
]);
在project_list中使用
应用query动画一般都是跟*ngFor在一起的，需要外面套一层div。
<div class="container" [@listAnim]="projects.length"> <app-project-item *ngFor="let project of projects" [item]="project" class="card" (onInvite)="lauchInviteDialog()" (onEdit)="lauchUpdateDialog()" (onDelete)="lauchConfimDialog(project)"> </app-project-item> </div> <button class="ab-buttonmad-fab fab-button" mat-fab type="button" (click)="openNewProjectDialog()"> <mat-icon>add</mat-icon> </button>
修改对应的css
// :host{
// display: flex;
// flex-direction: row;
// flex-wrap: wrap;
// }
//把host改为div
.container{
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
修改一下component
import { Component, OnInit , HostBinding } from "@angular/core";
import { MatDialog } from "@angular/material";
import { NewProjectComponent } from "../new-project/new-project.component";
import { InviteComponent } from '../invite/invite.component';
import { ConfirmDialogComponent } from '../../shared/confirm-dialog/confirm-dialog.component';
import {slideToRight} from '../../animate/router.animate'
import { listAnimation } from '../../animate/list.animate';
import { projection } from '@angular/core/src/render3';
@Component({
selector: "app-project-list",
templateUrl: "./project-list.component.html",
styleUrls: ["./project-list.component.scss"],
animations:[
slideToRight,listAnimation //第一步，导入listAnimation
]
})
export class ProjectListComponent implements OnInit {
@HostBinding('@routeAnim') state;
//第二步，改造一下数组，加id
projects = [
{
id:1,
name: "企业协作平台",
desc: "这是一个企业内部项目",
coverImg: "assets/images/covers/0.jpg"
},
{
id:2,
name: "自动化测试项目",
desc: "这是一个企业内部项目",
coverImg: "assets/images/covers/2.jpg"
}
];
constructor(private dialog: MatDialog) { }
ngOnInit() { }
//第三步，新增元素时hard code一下
openNewProjectDialog() {
// this.dialog.open(NewProjectComponent,{data:'this is a dialog'});
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewProjectComponent, {
data: { title: '新建项目' }
});
dialogRef.afterClosed().subscribe((result) => {
console.log(result);
this.projects = [...this.projects,
{id:3,name:'一个新项目',desc:'这是一个新项目',coverImg:"assets/images/covers/3.jpg"},
{id:4,name:'又一个新项目',desc:'这是又一个新项目',coverImg:"assets/images/covers/4.jpg"}]
});
}
lauchInviteDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(InviteComponent);
}
lauchUpdateDialog() {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(NewProjectComponent, {
data: { title: '编辑项目' }
});
}
//第四步，改造一下删除项目
lauchConfimDialog(project) {
const dialogRef = this.dialog.open(ConfirmDialogComponent, {
data: { title: '删除项目', content: '您确认删除该项目吗？' }
});
dialogRef.afterClosed().subscribe(result=>{
console.log(result);
this.projects=this.projects.filter(p=>p.id!=project.id);
});
}
}
Stagger使得在多个元素时候，动画交错开，而不是一起。
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