Flutter 如何正确显示SnackBar
作者:岛上码农
Snackbar是Android支持库中用于显示简单消息并且提供和用户的一个简单操作的一种弹出式提醒。当使用Snackbar时,提示会出现在消息最底部,通常含有一段信息和一个可点击的按钮。本文主要介绍了Flutter 如何正确显示 SnackBar
简介
官方API文档Scaffold的of方法说明有说明调用Scaffold.of方法是在Scallfold的子组件的Build方法中,也就是不能直接在构建Scaffold的build方法里调用,否则会抛异常。
Typical usage of the Scaffold.of function is to call it from within the build method of a child of a Scaffold.
通常为显示一个SnackBar需要构建一个Builder,通过Builder的context调用(原因是)
Scallfold.of(context).showSnackBar(SnackBar(contenxt: Text('这是一个SnackBar'));
官方示例
显示SnackBar,官方典型示例代码如下所示:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart'; void main() => runApp(MyApp()); class MyApp extends StatelessWidget { // This widget is the root of your application. @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return MaterialApp( title: 'Flutter Code Sample for Scaffold.of.', theme: ThemeData( primarySwatch: Colors.blue, ), home: Scaffold( body: MyScaffoldBody(), appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Scaffold.of Example')), ), color: Colors.white, ); } } // 在Scaffold子组件里的build方法可以调用Scaffold.of方法 class MyScaffoldBody extends StatelessWidget { @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Center( child: RaisedButton( child: Text('SHOW A SNACKBAR'), onPressed: () { Scaffold.of(context).showSnackBar( SnackBar( content: Text('Have a snack!'), ), ); }, ), ); } }
错误示例
但是若直接在构建Scallfold的build方法中调用会报异常:
Scaffold.of() called with a context that does not contain a Scaffold.
错误代码如下所示:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart'; class ScaffoldSnackBarDemo extends StatelessWidget { // This widget is the root of your application. @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( body: Center( child: RaisedButton( child: Text('SHOW A SNACKBAR'), onPressed: () { ///直接在Scallfold的build方法里使用会抛异常 Scaffold.of(context).showSnackBar( SnackBar( content: Text('Have a snack!'), ), ); }, ), ), appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Scaffold.of Example')), ); } }
解决方法一:Scaffold的子组件通过Builder构建
这时候要不就是按官方的,将需要显示SnackBar的代码另外抽离一个自定义子组件,在子组件的build方法再显示SnackBar,要不就是在Scaffold的build方法体对该子组件再包一层Builder,如下所示。
import 'package:flutter/material.dart'; class ScaffoldSnackBarDemo extends StatelessWidget { // This widget is the root of your application. @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ///在子组件外再包一层builder,让context不共用 body: Builder(builder: (context) { return Center( child: RaisedButton( child: Text('SHOW A SNACKBAR'), onPressed: () { Scaffold.of(context).showSnackBar( SnackBar( content: Text('Have a snack!'), ), ); }, ), ); }), appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Scaffold.of Example')), ); } }
解决方法二:使用GlobalKey存储ScaffoldState
import 'package:flutter/material.dart'; class ScaffoldSnackBarDemo extends StatelessWidget { final _scallfoldKey = GlobalKey<ScaffoldState>(); @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ///使用GlobalKey解决 key: _scallfoldKey, body: Center( child: RaisedButton( child: Text('SHOW A SNACKBAR'), onPressed: () { _scallfoldKey.currentState.showSnackBar(SnackBar( content: Text('Have a snack!'), )); }, ), ), appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Scaffold.of Example')), ); } }
Flutter学习Github代码仓库
https://github.com/AiguangLi/Flutter
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