Android编程实现闹钟的方法详解
作者：Jacob-wj
这篇文章主要介绍了Android编程实现闹钟的方法,结合实例形式较为详细的分析了Android闹钟的原理、布局、权限控制及相关实现技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
本文实例讲述了Android编程实现闹钟的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
在Android中，有一个闹钟的类，AlarmManager类，我们可以通过其来对系统内的通知进行操作！
本文用到了Service和Broadcast两个后台管理，在处理时，曾出现过很多问题，但经过半天的努力，终于解决了！
首先是Main.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:id="@+id/mText" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <Button android:id="@+id/setTimeButton" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/setTimeButton" /> <Button android:id="@+id/cancelButton" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/cancelButton" /> </LinearLayout>
MainActivity.Java:
package com.chiefcto.Alarm;
import java.text.Format;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
//Properties
private Button msetButton;
private Button mcancelButton;
private AlermReceiver uIReceiver;
private TextView mTextView;
//就用了Java的日历
private Calendar calendar;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
mTextView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.mText);
msetButton = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.setTimeButton);
mcancelButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.cancelButton);
msetButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
new TimePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {
@Override
public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
//set(f, value) changes field f to value.
calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hourOfDay);
calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute);
calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
calendar.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, AlermReceiver.class);
intent.putExtra("music", true);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
AlarmManager am;
//获取系统进程
am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
am.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), pendingIntent);
//设置周期！！
am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, System.currentTimeMillis()+(10*1000), (24*60*60*1000), pendingIntent);
String tmps = "设置闹钟时间为："+format(hourOfDay)+":"+format(minute);
mTextView.setText(tmps);
}
},hour,minute,true).show();
}
});
mcancelButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, AlermReceiver.class);
intent.putExtra("music", true);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
AlarmManager am;
//获取系统进程
am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
//cancel
am.cancel(pendingIntent);
mTextView.setText("取消了！");
}
});
}
private String format(int x) {
String s = ""+x;
if(s.length() == 1)
s = "0"+s;
return s;
}
}
AlarmService.java
package com.chiefcto.Alarm;
import java.io.IOException;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.RingtoneManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
public class AlarmService extends Service {
// MediaPlayer实例
private MediaPlayer player;
// IBinder实例
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
playMusic();
return null;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate();
playMusic();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
if (player != null) {
player.stop();
player.release();
}
}
@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStart(intent, startId);
if (intent != null) {
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
if (bundle != null) {
if(bundle.getBoolean("music"))
playMusic();
else
stopMusic();
}
}
}
public void playMusic() {
if(player == null) {
Uri uri = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_ALARM);
try {
player = new MediaPlayer();
player.setDataSource(this, uri);
final AudioManager audioManager = (AudioManager)this
.getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
if (audioManager.getStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM) != 0) {
player.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM);
player.setLooping(true);
player.prepare();
}
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(!player.isPlaying()) {
player.start();
}
}
public void stopMusic() {
if (player != null) {
player.stop();
try {
// 在调用stop后如果需要再次通过start进行播放,需要之前调用prepare函数
player.prepare();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
下面就是本文的关键性代码，了解Activity到Broadcast的机制，这小应用就很好实现了~
AlermReceiver.java
package com.chiefcto.Alarm;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.RingtoneManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class AlermReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private MediaPlayer mMediaPlayer;
Context context;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
CharSequence text = String.valueOf(minute);
Toast.makeText(context, text, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
this.context = context;
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
Intent serviceIntent = new Intent("chief_musicService");
serviceIntent.putExtras(bundle);
if(bundle != null) {
Log.i("CTO", String.valueOf(bundle.getBoolean("music")));
if(bundle.getBoolean("music"))
context.startService(serviceIntent);
else
context.stopService(serviceIntent);
}
//在这里是播放不了的！！
//playAlarmRing();
}
private void playAlarmRing() {
Uri uri = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_ALARM);
try {
mMediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
mMediaPlayer.setDataSource(context, uri);
final AudioManager audioManager = (AudioManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
if (audioManager.getStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM) != 0) {
mMediaPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM);
mMediaPlayer.setLooping(true);
mMediaPlayer.prepare();
}
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
mMediaPlayer.start();
}
private void StopAlarmRing() {
mMediaPlayer.stop();
}
}
要注意的是Mainifest.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.chiefcto.Alarm"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".AlarmService">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="chief_musicService"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
</intent-filter>
</service>
<receiver android:name=".AlermReceiver" android:process=":remote"/>
</application>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
</manifest>
注：在模拟器中是运行不了的~
PS：关于AndroidManifest.xml文件相关属性功能可参考本站在线工具：
Android Manifest功能与权限描述大全：
http://tools.jb51.net/table/AndroidManifest
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希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。