html+css+js 实现拍照预览上传图片功能

2018-01-15 14:17:29 脚本之家

前言：我们在做网页时经常会需要有上传图片的需求，可能是选择图片或者拍照上传，如果简单的使用<input type="file"/>这种方式虽然也能实现功能，但用户体验上可能会差了一些，所以本文记录了使用css+js实现图片选中后的预览及压缩上传功能，部分带来来源于网络，此处做了记录整理。

效果预览：

1.创建index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
        <title>拍照上传</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css"/>
        <script type='text/javascript' src='index.js' charset='utf-8'></script>
    </head>
    <body>
         <form id="mainForm">
            <div class="content">
                <div class="label">身份证</div>
                <div class="img-area">
                    <div class="container">
                        <input type="file" id='id-face' name='face'  accept="image/*" />
                        <div id='face-empty-result'>
                            <img style='width:4rem' src="https://github.com/wangheng3751/my-resources/blob/master/images/camera.png?raw=true" alt="">
                            <p>身份证正面照</p>
                        </div>
                        <img style='width: 100%' id='face-result'/>
                    </div>
                    <div class="container" style='margin-top:0.5rem;'>
                        <input type="file" id='id-back' name='back' accept="image/*" />
                        <div id='back-empty-result'>
                            <img style='width:4rem' src="https://github.com/wangheng3751/my-resources/blob/master/images/camera.png?raw=true" alt="">
                            <p>身份证反面照</p>
                        </div>
                        <img style='width: 100%' id='back-result'/>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="btn">
                提交
            </div>
         </form>
    </body>
</html>

2.创建index.css

body{
    margin: 0
}
.content{
    padding:0.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 1px #999 solid
}
.label{
    width:5rem;
}
.img-area{
    flex:1
}
.container{
    background-color:#e7e7e7;
    position: relative;
}
.container div{
    text-align: center;
    padding:0.5rem 0
}
.container input{
    opacity:0;
    filter:alpha(opacity=0);
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 9;
}
.container p{
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color:#999
}
.btn{
    background-color: #4363ab;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    width:80%;
    border-radius: 0.2rem;
    margin: 2rem auto;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.2rem
}

3.创建index.js

window.onload=function(){
    document.getElementById("id-face").addEventListener("change", function(){       
        onFileChange(this,"face-result","face-empty-result")
    });
    document.getElementById("id-back").addEventListener("change", function(){       
        onFileChange(this,"back-result","back-empty-result")
    });
    document.getElementsByClassName("btn")[0].addEventListener("click", function(){       
        submit();
    });
};
/**
 * 选中图片时的处理
 * @param {*} fileObj input file元素
 * @param {*} el //选中后用于显示图片的元素ID
 * @param {*} btnel //未选中图片时显示的按钮区域ID
 */
function onFileChange(fileObj,el,btnel){
    var windowURL = window.URL || window.webkitURL;
    var dataURL;
    var imgObj = document.getElementById(el);
    document.getElementById(btnel).style.display="none";
    imgObj.style.display="block";
    if (fileObj && fileObj.files && fileObj.files[0]) {
        dataURL = windowURL.createObjectURL(fileObj.files[0]);
        imgObj.src=dataURL;
    } else {
        dataURL = fileObj.value;
        imgObj.style.filter = "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(sizingMethod=scale)";
        imgObj.filters.item("DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader").src = dataURL;
    }
}
/**
 * 将图片压缩后返回base64格式的数据
 * @param {*} image img元素
 * @param {*} width 压缩后图片宽度
 * @param {*} height 压缩后图片高度
 * @param {*} qua //图片质量1-100
 */
function compressImageTobase64(image,width,height,qua){
    var quality = qua ? qua / 100 : 0.8;
    var canvas = document.createElement("canvas"),     
        ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');     
    var w = image.naturalWidth,     
        h = image.naturalHeight;     
    canvas.width = width||w;     
    canvas.height = height||h;     
    ctx.drawImage(image, 0, 0, w, h, 0, 0, width||w, height||h);
    var data = canvas.toDataURL("image/jpeg", quality);     
    return data;
}
//提交
function submit(){
    //1、form提交
    //document.getElementById("mainForm").submit();
    //2、压缩后ajax提交
    var face_data=compressImageTobase64(document.getElementById("face-result"),200,100,90);
    var back_data=compressImageTobase64(document.getElementById("back-result"),200,100,90);
    var formData = new FormData();  
    formData.append("face",face_data);
    formData.append("back",back_data);
    //需引入jQuery
    $.ajax({
        url:"/地址",
        type: 'POST',
        cache: false,
        data: formData,
        timeout:180000,
        processData: false,
        contentType: false,
        success:function(r){
        },
        error:function(r){  
        }
   });
}

源码： Github地址

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的html+css+js 实现拍照预览上传图片功能，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持！