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华为防火墙配置手册 华为USG防火墙NAT配置

脚本之家

拓扑图

        wKioL1PB0wvBPabTAAEmvpcBGBA371.jpg

场景：

         你是公司的网络管理员。公司使用网络防火墙隔离成三个区域。现在要将DMZ区域中的一台服务器（IP地址：10.0.3.3）提供的telnet服务发布出去，对外公开的地址是10.0.10.20、24.并且内部网络Trust区域的用户通过Easy-IP的方式访问外部区域。其它方向的访问被禁止。

         在交换机上将G0/0/1与G0/0/21接口定义到vlan11，将G0/0/2与G0/0/22接口定义到vlan12，将G0/0/3与G0/0/23接口定义到vlan13.分别规划了三个网段。

学习任务

步骤一.基本配置与IP编址

         首先给三个路由器配置地址信息。

[Huawei]sysname R1

[R1]interface g0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.10.124

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interfaceloopback0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.1.1 24

[R1-LoopBack0]q

 

[Huawei]sysname R2

[R2]interface g0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.20.224

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/2

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interfaceloopback0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.2.2 24

[R2-LoopBack0]q

 

[Huawei]sysname R3

[R3]interface g0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.30.324

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/3

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interfaceloopback0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.3.3 24

[R3-LoopBack0]q

 

给防火墙配置地址时，G0/0/1配置10.0.20.254/24.

[SRG]sysname FW

13:06:03 2014/07/08

[FW]interface g0/0/1

13:06:30 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.20.25424

13:07:01 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/22

13:07:52 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/0

13:08:23 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis this

13:08:31 2014/07/08

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

 alias GE0/MGMT

 ipaddress 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

 dhcpselect interface

 dhcpserver gateway-list 192.168.0.1

#

return

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo ip add

13:08:42 2014/07/08

Info: The DHCP server configuration on thisinterface will be deleted.

 

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]display this

13:08:46 2014/07/08

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

 alias GE0/MGMT

#

return

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.0.10.25424

13:09:29 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/21

13:10:05 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface G0/0/2

13:10:15 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 10.0.30.25424

13:10:28 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/23

13:10:53 2014/07/08

[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

交换机上需要按照需求定义vlan

[Huawei]sysname S1

[S1]vlan batch 11 to 13

Info: This operation may take a fewseconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[S1]interface g0/0/1

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-typeaccess

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan11

[S1]interface g0/0/2

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-typeaccess

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan12

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface g0/0/3

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-typeaccess

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan13

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]interface g0/0/21

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/21]port link-typeaccess

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/21]port default vlan11

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/21]interface g0/0/22

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]port link-typeaccess

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]port default vlan12

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]interface g0/0/23

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]port link-typeaccess

[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]port default vlan13

步骤二.将接口配置到安全区域

         防火墙默认有四个区域，分别是“local”、“trust"、“untrust”、“dmz”。

         实验中我们用到“trust”、'untrust"、“dmz”三个区域。将G0/0/0加入untrust区域、g/0/0/2加入dmz和g/0/0/1加入trust。

[FW]firewall zone trust

13:45:31 2014/07/08

[FW-zone-trust]dis this

13:45:35 2014/07/08

#

firewall zone trust

 setpriority 85

 addinterface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

#

return

[FW-zone-trust]undo add inter       

[FW-zone-trust]undo add interface g0/0/0

13:46:01 2014/07/08

[FW-zone-trust]add interface g0/0/1

13:46:22 2014/07/08

[FW-zone-trust]firewall zone untrust

[FW-zone-untrust]add interface g0/0/0

13:47:24 2014/07/08

[[FW-zone-untrust]firewall zone dmz

13:48:06 2014/07/08

[FW-zone-dmz]add interface g0/0/2

13:48:13  2014/07/08

[FW-zone-dmz]q

         默认情况下，防火墙并不允许出local区域外的其它区域之间进行通信。为了便于验证配置的正确性，我们首先将防火墙区域之间的默认过滤规则配置为允许所有区域间通信。配置完成后在FW设备上测试连通性。

[FW]firewall packet-filter default permitall

13:51:19 2014/07/08

Warning:Setting the default packetfiltering to permit poses security risks. You

are advised to configure the securitypolicy based on the actual data flows. Are

you sure you want to continue?[Y/N]y

 

[FW]ping -c 1 10.0.10.1

13:51:56 2014/07/08

 PING 10.0.10.1: 56  data bytes,press CTRL_C to break

   Reply from 10.0.10.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=90 ms

 

  ---10.0.10.1 ping statistics ---

    1packet(s) transmitted

    1packet(s) received

   0.00% packet loss

   round-trip min/avg/max = 90/90/90 ms

[FW]ping -c 1 10.0.20.2

13:52:08 2014/07/08

 PING 10.0.20.2: 56  data bytes,press CTRL_C to break

   Reply from 10.0.20.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=400 ms

 

  ---10.0.20.2 ping statistics ---

    1packet(s) transmitted

    1packet(s) received

   0.00% packet loss

   round-trip min/avg/max = 400/400/400 ms

[FW]ping -c 1 10.0.30.3

13:52:18 2014/07/08

 PING 10.0.30.3: 56  data bytes,press CTRL_C to break

   Reply from 10.0.30.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=410 ms

 

  ---10.0.30.3 ping statistics ---

    1packet(s) transmitted

    1packet(s) received

   0.00% packet loss

   round-trip min/avg/max = 410/410/410 ms

步骤三.配置静态路由，实现网络的连通性 

        在R2和R3上配置缺省路由，在FW上配置明确的静态路由，实现三个loopback0接口之间的通信。R1无需定义缺省路由，原因是其作为internet设备，他不需要知道内部和DMZ区域的私有网络信息。

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.20.254

 

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.30.254

 

[FW]ip route-static 10.0.1.0 24 10.0.10.1

13:58:26 2014/07/08

[FW]ip route-static 10.0.2.0 24 10.0.20.2

13:58:40 2014/07/08

[FW]ip route-static 10.0.3.0 24 10.0.30.3

13:58:52 2014/07/08

        在防火墙上测试与10.0.1.0、10.0.2.0、10.0.3.0之间的连通性。

[FW]ping -c 1 10.0.1.1

14:00:18 2014/07/08

 PING 10.0.1.1: 56  data bytes,press CTRL_C to break

   Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=80 ms

 

  ---10.0.1.1 ping statistics ---

    1packet(s) transmitted

    1packet(s) received

   0.00% packet loss

   round-trip min/avg/max = 80/80/80 ms

 

[FW]ping -c 1 10.0.2.2

14:00:25 2014/07/08

 PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes,press CTRL_C to break

   Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=170 ms

 

  ---10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---

    1packet(s) transmitted

    1packet(s) received

   0.00% packet loss

   round-trip min/avg/max = 170/170/170 ms

 

[FW]ping -c 1 10.0.3.3

14:00:29 2014/07/08

 PING 10.0.3.3: 56  data bytes,press CTRL_C to break

   Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=110 ms

 

  ---10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---

    1packet(s) transmitted

    1packet(s) received

   0.00% packet loss

   round-trip min/avg/max = 110/110/110 ms

        目前配置下，所有区域之间可以通讯，不被检查。但是由于当前尚未定义NAT，外部区域不能与内部和DMZ区域相互访问。 

步骤四.配置区域间的安全过滤 

         配置从Trust区域的部分网段10.0.2.3发往Untrust区域的数据包被放行。从Untrust区域发往DMZ目标服务器10.0.3.3的telnet请求被放行。

[FW]firewall session link-state check

[FW]policy interzone trust untrust outbound

[FW-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]policy0

14:06:57 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-0]policysource 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255

14:07:18 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-0]actionpermit

14:07:31 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-0]q

14:07:40 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]q

14:07:40 2014/07/08

]policy interzone dmz untrust inbound

14:09:01 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-dmz-untrust-inbound]policy0

14:09:08 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-dmz-untrust-inbound-0]policydestination 10.0.3.3 0

14:09:37 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-dmz-untrust-inbound-0]policyservice service-set telnet

[FW-policy-interzone-dmz-untrust-inbound-0]actionpermit

14:09:55 2014/07/08

[FW-policy-interzone-dmz-untrust-inbound-0]q

14:09:55 2014/07/08

步骤五.配置Easy-Ip，实现Trust区域到Untrust区域的访问。 

       配置使用Easy-IP，进行NAT源地址转换。并且将NAT与接口进行绑定。

[FW-nat-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]policy0

  • 14:14:00 2014/07/08