Centos搭建本地yum源详细步骤有哪些
作者：友发小猿
还在为Centos下载软件慢而烦恼吗？本文手把手教你配置Centos本地yum源和国内阿里云、163yum源,轻松提升软件安装速度,详细步骤包括挂载镜像、备份默认源、修改配置文件,并讲解如何设置yum源优先级,让本地源优先使用,帮你解决网络慢导致的安装问题
一、用Centos镜像搭建本地yum源
1.安装Centos后默认的yum源 如下
ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
2.把默认yum源备份(可选)
cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base-cp.repo
3.在虚拟机上挂载CentOS镜像文件
(1) mount -t iso9660 /dev/sr0 /opt/centos
(2) mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo //自定义配置文件名 [local] //标签 name=local //设置yum源名称 baseurl=file:///opt/centos //挂载源 enabled=1 //可用性 gpgcheck=0 //校验
5.清除缓存
yum clean all //全部消除缓存 yum makecache //把yum源缓存到本地，加快软件的搜索好安装速度 sudo yum -y update yum repolist //列出****个包
二、把默认的CentOS yum源修改成国内的aliyun-yum源
1.进入yum目录
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
2.把默认yum源备份(可选项)
cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-cp
3.下载ailiyun的yum源配置文件到/etc/yum.repos.d/
查看系统的版本：cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS 6：
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
CentOS 7：
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
CentOS 8：
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
4.清除缓存
yum clean all 清除全部缓存 yum makecache //把yum源缓存到本地，加快软件的搜索好安装速度 sudo yum -y update //更新yum库存 yum repolist //总共列出了9954个包
三、把默认的CentOS yum源修改成国内的163源
1.安装Centos后默认的yum源如下
ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
2.把默认yum源备份(可选)
cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-cp
3.下载163 yum源repo文件
cat /etc/redhat-release //查看系统的版本
CentOS 5：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo
CentOS 6：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
CentOS 7：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
CentOS 8：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS8-Base-163.repo
运行
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS8-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS8-Base-163.repo Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS8-Base-163.repo'100%[=======================================================================================================>] 1,572 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-06-20 06:29:47 (293 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS8-Base-163.repo' saved [1572/1572]
4.清除缓存
yum clean all 清除全部缓存 yum makecache //把yum源缓存到本地，加快软件的搜索好安装速度 sudo yum -y update //更新yum库存 yum repolist //总共列出了9954个包
下面可忽略：
四、修改yum源的优先级
1.查看系统是否安装了优先级的插件
rpm -qa | grep yum-plugin-
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch
//这里看到没有安装yum-plugin-priorities.noarch这个插件
yum search yum-plugin-priorities
//用search查看是否有此插件可用
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
====================================================== N/S matched: yum-plugin-priorities =======================================================
yum-plugin-priorities.noarch : plugin to give priorities to packages from different repos
2.安装yum-plugin-priorities.noarch插件
yum -y install yum-plugin-priorities.noarch
3.查看插件是否启用
cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/priorities.conf [main] enabled = 1//1为启用；0为禁用
4.修改本地yum源优先使用
ll /etc/yum.repos.d/ total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2573 May 15 2015 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 67 Jun 20 06:04 local.repo//有两个repo文件 vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo [local] name=local baseurl=file:///opt/centos enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 priority=1//在原基础上加入priority=1 ；数字越小优先级越高//可以继续修改其他源的priority值，经测试仅配置本地源的优先级为priority=1就会优先使用本地源了
5.测试
配置优先级前：(使用阿里云yum源) 1# yum -y install vimDependencies Resolved =================================================================================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================= Installing: vim-enhanced x86_64 2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1 updates 1.0 M Updating for dependencies: vim-common x86_64 2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1 updates 5.9 M 省略···
配置优先级后：(使用本地yum源) 1# yum -y install vimDependencies Resolved =================================================================================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================= Installing: vim-enhanced x86_64 2:7.4.160-1.el7 local 1.0 M Installing for dependencies: gpm-libs x86_64 1.20.7-5.el7 local 32 k perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-286.el7 local 8.0 M perl-Carp noarch 1.26-244.el7 local 19 k perl-Encode x86_64 2.51-7.el7 local 1.5 M perl-Exporter noarch 5.68-3.el7 local 28 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.09-2.el7 local 26 k perl-File-Temp noarch 0.23.01-3.el7 local 56 k 省略···
总结
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。