Nginx平滑升级及回滚实验
作者：2301_81637433
本文主要介绍了Nginx平滑升级及回滚实验,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧
一、实验核心目的
Nginx是生产环境中最常用的Web服务器/反向代理，平滑升级/回滚 是为了在不中断业务（用户无感知）的前提下，完成Nginx版本更新或故障回退。如果直接stop/start Nginx，会导致短暂的服务不可用，这在生产环境是绝对不允许的，本实验就是解决这个核心问题。
二、实验整体流程拆解
整个实验分为3个核心阶段：下载新版本源码→编译并平滑升级→版本回滚，下面逐阶段讲解。
1.下载高版本的软件
[root@Nginx ~]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.29.4.tar.gz
2.对于新版本的软件进行源码编译并进行平滑升级
#编译nginx隐藏版本 [root@Nginx ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.29.4.tar.gz [root@Nginx ~]# cd nginx-1.29.4/src/core/ [root@Nginx core]# vim nginx.h #define nginx_version 1029004 #define NGINX_VERSION "" #define NGINX_VER "TIMINGLEE/" NGINX_VERSION #文件编辑完成后进行源码编译即可 [root@Nginx core]# cd ../../ [root@Nginx nginx-1.29.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module [root@Nginx nginx-1.29.4]# make [root@Nginx nginx-1.29.4]# cd objs/ [root@Nginx objs]# ls autoconf.err nginx ngx_auto_config.h ngx_modules.c src Makefile nginx.8 ngx_auto_headers.h ngx_modules.o [root@Nginx objs]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ [root@Nginx sbin]# ls nginx [root@Nginx sbin]#cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old -p [root@Nginx sbin]# \cp -f /root/nginx-1.29.4/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx [root@Nginx sbin]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/ access.log error.log nginx.pid [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2360 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 1644 0.0 0.2 14888 3896 ? S 09:55 0:00 nginx: worker process [root@Nginx sbin]# kill -USR2 1643 #nginx master进程id [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2744 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 1644 0.0 0.2 14888 3896 ? S 09:55 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4919 0.0 0.4 14716 7936 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 4921 0.0 0.2 14916 4156 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4923 0.0 0.1 6636 2176 pts/0 S+ 10:25 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@Nginx sbin]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/ access.log error.log nginx.pid nginx.pid.oldbin #测试效果 [root@Nginx sbin]# nginx -V nginx version: TIMINGLEE/ built by gcc 11.5.0 20240719 (Red Hat 11.5.0-5) (GCC) built with OpenSSL 3.2.2 4 Jun 2024 TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module #回收旧版本子进程 [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2744 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 1644 0.0 0.2 14888 3896 ? S 09:55 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4919 0.0 0.4 14716 7936 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 4921 0.0 0.2 14916 4156 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4929 0.0 0.1 6636 2176 pts/0 S+ 10:27 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@Nginx sbin]# kill -WINCH 1643 [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2744 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx root 4919 0.0 0.4 14716 7936 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 4921 0.0 0.2 14916 4156 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4932 0.0 0.1 6636 2176 pts/0 S+ 10:28 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
3.版本回退|版本回滚
[root@Nginx sbin]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ [root@Nginx sbin]# cp nginx nginx.new -p [root@Nginx sbin]# \cp nginx.old nginx -pf [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2744 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx root 4919 0.0 0.4 14716 7936 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 4921 0.0 0.2 14916 4156 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: worker process [root@Nginx sbin]# kill -HUP 1643 [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2744 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx root 4919 0.0 0.4 14716 7936 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 4921 0.0 0.2 14916 4156 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 4963 0.0 0.2 14888 3896 ? S 10:32 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4965 0.0 0.1 6636 2176 pts/0 S+ 10:32 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@Nginx sbin]# nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.28.1 built by gcc 11.5.0 20240719 (Red Hat 11.5.0-5) (GCC) built with OpenSSL 3.2.2 4 Jun 2024 TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module #回收新版本进程 [root@Nginx sbin]# kill -WINCH 4919 [root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 1643 0.0 0.1 14688 2744 ? Ss 09:55 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx root 4919 0.0 0.4 14716 7936 ? S 10:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 4963 0.0 0.2 14888 3896 ? S 10:32 0:00 nginx: worker process root 4969 0.0 0.1 6636 2176 pts/0 S+ 10:34 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
Nginx 信号大全（生产常用）
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