Nginx配置支持IPV6地址的方法示例
作者：zxguan
本文主要介绍了如何搭建并测试Nginx以支持IPV6地址的过程,包括下载安装包、编译安装、配置和启动Nginx等步骤,同时,文章还解决了在测试IPV6地址时遇到的两个问题：curl解析错误和阿里云、腾讯云IPV6地址配置问题
搭建并测试
1. 下载 NG 安装包
点击进入 Nginx 网址，下载安装包
2. 安装编译工具及库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel
3. 上传并解压安装包
// 进入指定目录，ftp 上传压缩包 tar -zxvf nginx-1.26.2.tar.gz
4. 编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-ipv6
5. 安装
make && make install
6. 修改配置
# 进入 NG 配置文件夹 cd /usr/local/nginx/conf # 修改 NG 配置文件 vim nginx.conf
http {
......
server {
......
listen 80; # IPV4
listen [::]:80; # IPV6
......
}
......
}
7. 启动 NG
# 启动 NG ./nginx # 停止 NG ./nginx -s stop # 重启 NG ./nginx -s reload
8. 查看 IP 地址
[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:16:3e:0a:74:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.18.133.39/20 brd 172.18.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
valid_lft 315340442sec preferred_lft 315340442sec
inet6 2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412/64 scope global
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
9. 测试 IP 地址
9.1. 测试 IPV4 地址
[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# curl 172.18.133.39:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
9.2. 测试 IPV6 地址
[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# curl -6 -g http://[2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412]:80
[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# curl http://2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
IPV6 测试失败原因
1. curl: [globbing] error: bad range specification after pos 9
IPV6 地址中含有 : 等符号，可能在解析时报错，需要使用 [] 将 IPV6 地址包起来，避免解析报错。
# 错误写法 curl http://[2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412] 或 curl http://[2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412:80]
2. curl: Failed to connect to 0.0.0.10: Invalid argument
原因存在多种，我遇到是一个比较奇葩的原因。在阿里云和腾讯云中，curl 指定的 IPV6 地址必须与控制台分配的 IPV6 地址一致,自己手动配置的不行。
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