Ubuntu报“无法解析域名cn.archive.ubuntu.com“问题解决办法
作者：sanqima
在Ubuntu系统上使用sudo apt update命令更新时可能遇到“无法解析域名cn.archive.ubuntu.com”的问题,这通常是因为cn.archive.ubuntu.com的镜像资源不稳定,为解决此问题,可以更换为稳定性好、速度快的镜像源,需要的朋友可以参考下
发现问题
今天在Ubuntu系统上，使用sudo apt update命令，进行更新时，弹出"无法解析域名 cn.archive.ubuntu.com"问题，如图(1)所示：
图(1) 弹出"无法解析域名 cn.archive.ubuntu.com" 错误
出现这种现象的原因: cn.archive.ubuntu.com这个网站的镜像资源不稳定，dns经常解析出错，需要改成稳定性好、速度快的Ubuntu镜像，,比如,
- 163镜像(http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/)、
- 清华源镜像(https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/)
- 中科大镜像(https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/)
- 阿里云镜像(http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/)
这里推荐163镜像(http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/)，解决步骤如下：
1 查看Ubuntu的发行版本
查看Ubuntu的发行版本，命令如下：
lsb_release -a
由图(2) 可知，当前系统的发行版本是bionic，则Ubuntu的apt源镜像要选择bionic版本。
注意：镜像源的版本，要与当前系统的发行版本(代号版本)保持一致。
图(2) 查看Ubuntu的发行版本(即代号,昵称)
2 备份sources.list
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
3 修改sources.list的权限
su root chmod 666 /etc/apt/sources.list
4 填写Ubuntu镜像
将原来的sources.list文件里的内容清空，然后，填入如下的163的apt源(镜像):
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
5 刷新apt源
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
6 其他镜像
6.1 阿里云的Ubuntu镜像
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
6.2 清华的Ubuntu镜像
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
6.3 中科大的Ubuntu镜像
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
总结
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