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tomcat安装及部署的方法实现

作者:运维工程师001号

Tomcat是一个免费、开源的javaWeb轻量级应用服务器,本文主要介绍了tomcat安装及部署的方法实现,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的可以了解一下

tomcat

tomcat介绍

tomcat是一个开源的Java Servlet容器,是一个免费的Web应用服务器,由Apache软件基金会下属的Jakarta项目开发。Tomcat支持Java Servlet、JavaServer Pages、Java Expression Language和Java WebSocket等Java技术,并提供了一个HTTP Web服务器环境,可以作为独立的Web服务器使用,也可以作为Apache Web服务器的插件使用。

Tomcat的主要特点包括:

JDK简介

​ JDK是 Java语言的软件开发工具包,主要用于移动设备、嵌入式设备上的java应用程序。JDK是整个java开发的核心,它包含了JAVA的运行环境(JVM+Java系统类库)和JAVA工具。

JDK的一些主要功能:

tomcat部署

准备工作:
关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config   
...
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
...
[root@localhost ~]# 

配置yum源

[root@localhost ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2495  100  2495    0     0   5683      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  5683
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost ~]# 

安装tomcat

安装jdk环境,查看安装的版本

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install java-17-openjdk java-17-openjdk-devel
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
openjdk version "17.0.1" 2021-10-19 LTS
OpenJDK Runtime Environment 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS, mixed mode, sharing)
[root@localhost ~]# 

下载二进制tomcat软件包

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.65/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz
...
Saving to: ‘apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz'
apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz       100%[===========================================================>]  11.06M  48.1KB/s    in 3m 59s  
2023-10-10 17:32:18 (47.3 KB/s) - ‘apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz' saved [11593900/11593900]
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# 

解压tomcat软件包到指定路径下,并建立软链接

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz -C /usr/local/              
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.65  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  sbin  share  src
[root@localhost local]# 
[root@localhost local]# ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.65 /usr/local/tomcat
[root@localhost local]# 
[root@localhost local]# ll /usr/local/
total 0
...
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 src
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  31 Oct 10 17:36 tomcat -> /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.65
[root@localhost local]# 

启动tomcat

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat
[root@localhost tomcat]# 
[root@localhost tomcat]# ls
bin  BUILDING.txt  conf  CONTRIBUTING.md  lib  LICENSE  logs  NOTICE  README.md  RELEASE-NOTES  RUNNING.txt  temp  webapps  work
[root@localhost tomcat]# 
[root@localhost tomcat]# cd bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ls
bootstrap.jar       ciphers.sh                    daemon.sh     setclasspath.bat  startup.sh            version.bat
catalina.bat        commons-daemon.jar            digest.bat    setclasspath.sh   tomcat-juli.jar       version.sh
catalina.sh         commons-daemon-native.tar.gz  digest.sh     shutdown.bat      tomcat-native.tar.gz
catalina-tasks.xml  configtest.bat                makebase.bat  shutdown.sh       tool-wrapper.bat
ciphers.bat         configtest.sh                 makebase.sh   startup.bat       tool-wrapper.sh
[root@localhost bin]# 
[root@localhost bin]# ./catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started.
[root@localhost bin]# ss -anlt
State          Recv-Q         Send-Q                      Local Address:Port                 Peer Address:Port        Process         
LISTEN         0              128                               0.0.0.0:22                        0.0.0.0:*                           
LISTEN         0              100                                     *:8080                            *:*                           
LISTEN         0              128                                  [::]:22                           [::]:*                           
LISTEN         0              1                      [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005                            *:*                           
[root@localhost bin]# 

访问tomcat网页

image-20231010174639677

写一个hello world的java页面

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
[root@localhost webapps]# 
[root@localhost webapps]# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT
[root@localhost webapps]# 
[root@localhost webapps]# mkdir test
[root@localhost webapps]# cd test/
[root@localhost test]# 
[root@localhost test]# vi index.jsp
[root@localhost test]# cat index.jsp 
<html>
<head>
        <title>test page</title>
</head>
<body>
        <%
            out.println("Hellow World");
        %>
</body>
</html>
[root@localhost test]# 

指定lib库位置

[root@localhost tomcat]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/tomcat.conf
[root@localhost tomcat]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/tomcat.conf
/usr/local/tomcat/lib
[root@localhost tomcat]# 
[root@localhost tomcat]# ldconfig -v
...
/usr/local/tomcat/lib: (from /etc/ld.so.conf.d/tomcat.conf:1)
/lib: (from <builtin>:0)
/lib64: (from <builtin>:0)
...
/lib64/tls: (hwcap: 0x8000000000000000) (from <builtin>:0)
[root@localhost tomcat]# 

访问网页

image-20231010180013160

服务状态、管理应用和虚拟主机管理员网页访问配置

服务状态、管理应用网页访问配置

编辑tomcat-users.xml配置文件,添加角色名称、用户名和密码

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf
[root@localhost conf]# 
[root@localhost conf]# ls
Catalina         catalina.properties  jaspic-providers.xml  logging.properties  tomcat-users.xml  web.xml
catalina.policy  context.xml          jaspic-providers.xsd  server.xml          tomcat-users.xsd
[root@localhost conf]# 
[root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml 
...
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="op" password="redhat123!" roles="manager-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>
"tomcat-users.xml" 58L, 2851C written                                                                     
[root@localhost conf]#

编辑/manager/META-INF/目录下的context.xml文件,进行访问设置,放行你本机的ip
在127的前面添加你本机的IP,. 前面需要加上右斜杠转义

[root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/manager/META-INF/
[root@localhost META-INF]# 
[root@localhost META-INF]# ls
context.xml
[root@localhost META-INF]# 
[root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml 
...
         allow="192\.168\.200\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
...         
"context.xml" 24L, 1371C written                                                                          
[root@localhost META-INF]# 

重新加载页面访问

使用tomcat-users.xml配置文件中添加的用户名和密码登录

image-20231010202432743

访问管理应用页面

QQ截图20231010203902

image-20231010202516964

访问服务状态页面

QQ截图20231010203836

虚拟主机管理员网页访问配置

再次编辑tomcat-users.xml配置文件,添加角色

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf
[root@localhost conf]# 
[root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml 
...
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<user username="op" password="redhat123!" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>
"tomcat-users.xml" 59L, 2890C written
[root@localhost conf]# 

编辑host-manager/META-INF/目录下的context.xml文件,在127的前面添加你本机的IP

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@localhost webapps]# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT  test
[root@localhost webapps]# 
[root@localhost webapps]# vim host-manager/META-INF/context.xml
...
         allow="192\.168\.200\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
...
</Context>
"host-manager/META-INF/context.xml" 24L, 1371C written
[root@localhost webapps]#

运行catalina.sh脚本重启服务

[root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS:  --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
[root@localhost tomcat]# 
[root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started.
[root@localhost tomcat]# 
[root@localhost tomcat]# ss -anlt               
State          Recv-Q         Send-Q                      Local Address:Port                 Peer Address:Port        Process         
LISTEN         0              128                               0.0.0.0:22                        0.0.0.0:*                           
LISTEN         0              1                      [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005                            *:*                           
LISTEN         0              100                                     *:8080                            *:*                           
LISTEN         0              128                                  [::]:22                           [::]:*                           
[root@localhost tomcat]# 

访问虚拟主机管理员页面

image-20231010211154699

访问帮助文档和examples页面

​ 由于本人安装的tomcat是9.0.65版本的不是最新版本的tomcat,docs和examples目录下的META-INF/context.xml文件无需配置放行,可以直接访问帮助文档和examples页面,如果安装的是最新版本的tomcat,则需要配置context.xml文件。

到此这篇关于tomcat安装及部署的方法实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关tomcat安装部署内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家! 

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