使用 Docker-compose 搭建lnmp的详细过程

 #方法一：下载。
 curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 #安装，给予执行权限
 chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 #查看版本
 docker-compose --version
 ​
 #方法二：也可以提前下载好安装包，之后上传到系统中。
 cd /opt/
 ls
 chmod +x docker-compose
 mv docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
 docker-compose --version

 #一个键如果有多个值。符号可以不缩进，但值要缩进。
 name:
 - zhangsan
 - lisi
 - wangwu
 ​
 name:
  - zhangsan
  - lisi
  - wangwu
 name: ["zhangsan", "lisi", "wangwu"]

 #双引号示例：
 name: "hello, \nworld"
 最后name值是两行内容
 name: hello,
       world
 ​
 #单引号示例：
 name: 'hello, \nworld'，只会作为普通字符 name: hello,\nworld

 #对象: 键值对的字典
 animal: pets
 ​
 #数组: 一组按次序排列的列表
 - cat
 - dog
 - goldfish
 ​
 #布尔值
 debug: "true"
 debug: "false"
 ​
 ​
 #Yaml示例
 languages:      #序列的映射
   - Java
   - Golang
   - Python
 websites:       #映射的映射（键的值，仍然是键值对）
   Baidu: www.baidu.com
   Wangyi: www.163.com
   Souhu: www.souhu.com
 #或者 
 languages: ["Java","Golong","Python"]
 websites: 
   Baidu: 
     www.baidu.com
   Wangyi: 
     www.163.com
   Souhu: 
     www.souhu.com
 #Json格式
 {
   languages: [
     'Java',
     'Golong',
     'Python',
   ],
   websites: [
     Baidu: 'www.baidu.com',
     Wangyi: 'www.163.com',
     Souhu: 'www.souhu.com',
   ]
 }

php:
   depends_on:
     - apache
     - mysql

 networks:
   lnmp
   lamp
 service:
   nginx:
     networks:lnmp
   apache:
     networks:lamp
   mysql:
     networks:
       lnmp
       lamp
   php:
     networks:
       lnmp
       lamp 

 version: "3"
 ​
 services:
 ​
   nginx:
     volumes:
     - db_data:/var/lib/db
   mysql:
     volumes:
     - db_data:/var/lib/backup/data
 ​
 volumes:       #在顶级层定义一个命令卷
   db_data:

 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# yum -y install tree
 ​
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# tree /opt/compose_lnmp/ -L 2
 /opt/compose_lnmp/
 ├── docker-compose.yml
 ├── mysql                            #创建模板脚本
 │   ├── Dockerfile                   #创建容器脚本
 │   ├── my.cnf                       #复制配置文件
 │   └── mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz    #复制源码包
 ├── nginx
 │   ├── Dockerfile
 │   └── nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
 ├── php
 │   ├── Dockerfile
 │   └── php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
 └── wwwroot
     ├── index.html                   #站点网页
     ├── wordpress                          
     └── wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz

 #创建项目目录 compose_lnmp; 
 #创建服务子目录
 [root@zy7 ~]# mkdir /opt/compose_lnmp/
 [root@zy7 ~]# cd /opt/compose_lnmp
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# mkdir nginx mysql php wwwroot
 ​
 #上传wordpress软件包，准备测试页面
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# cd /opt/compose_nginx/wwwroot/
 [root@zy7 wwwroot]# ls
 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
 [root@zy7 wwwroot]# tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz  
 [root@zy7 wwwroot]# echo "<h1>this is test web</h1>" > /opt/compose_lnmp/wwwroot/index.html
 ​
 ​
 #上传nginx软件包
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# cd nginx/
 [root@zy7 nginx]# ls
 nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz 
 ​
 ​
 #编写nginx的Dockerfile文件
 [root@zy7 nginx]# vim Dockerfile
 #基于基础镜像
 FROM centos:7
 #用户信息
 MAINTAINER this is nginx image <yuji>
 #添加环境包
 RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
 RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
 #上传nginx软件压缩包，并解压
 ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
 #指定工作目录
 WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0
 RUN ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
 --user=nginx \
 --group=nginx \
 --with-http_stub_status_module && make -j8&& make install
 ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
 #修改nginx配置文件
 RUN sed -i 's/#charset koi8-r;/charset utf-8;/' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i '45 s/index  index.html index.htm;/index  index.html index.php;/' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i '65,71 s/#//' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i 's/fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;/fastcgi_pass   172.18.0.30:9000;/' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i 's#/scripts#/usr/local/nginx/html#' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 #也可以提前将修改好nginx.conf，放入nginx目录下，之后使用ADD指令复制到镜像中。则可避免在镜像中修改。
 #暴露端口
 EXPOSE 80
 EXPOSE 443
 #前台启动nginx
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;" ]

 #进入mysql子目录
 [root@zy7 ~]# cd /opt/compose_lnmp/mysql/
 #将mysql包上传到此目录
 [root@zy7 mysql]# ls
 mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
 ​
 #编写mysql的Dockerfile文件
 [root@zy7 mysql]# vim Dockerfile
 FROM centos:7
 MAINTAINER this is mysql image <zhi>
 RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake make
 RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql
 ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
 WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
 RUN cmake \
 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
 -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
 -DWITH_BOOST=boost \
 -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 && make -j8 && make install
 RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
 ADD my.cnf /etc/
 RUN chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
 ENV PATH /usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
 WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/
 RUN bin/mysqld \
 --initialize-insecure \
 --user=mysql \
 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
 RUN cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
 EXPOSE 3306
 CMD /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld

 #配置myslq主配置文件my.cnf（用来复制到容器）
 [root@zy7 mysql]# vim my.cnf 
 [client]
 port = 3306
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 ​
 [mysql]
 port = 3306
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 ​
 [mysqld]
 user = mysql
 basedir = /usr/local/mysql
 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
 port = 3306
 character_set_server=utf8
 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 server-id = 1
 ​
 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# cd /opt/compose_lnmp/php/
 #将php包上传
 [root@zy7 php]# ls
 php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
 ​
 #编写php的Dockerfile
 [root@zy7 php]# vim Dockerfile
 FROM centos:7
 MAINTAINER this is php image <yuji>
 RUN yum -y install gd \
 libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
 libpng libpng-devel \
 freetype freetype-devel \
 libxml2 libxml2-devel \
 zlib zlib-devel \
 curl curl-devel \
 openssl openssl-devel \
 gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel
 RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
 ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
 WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
 RUN ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local/php \
 --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
 --with-mysqli \
 --with-zlib \
 --with-curl \
 --with-gd \
 --with-jpeg-dir \
 --with-png-dir \
 --with-freetype-dir \
 --with-openssl \
 --enable-fpm \
 --enable-mbstring \
 --enable-xml \
 --enable-session \
 --enable-ftp \
 --enable-pdo \
 --enable-tokenizer \
 --enable-zip && make && make install
 ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
 ​
 RUN \cp /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini \
 && sed -i 's#mysqli.default_socket =#mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock#' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini \
 && sed -i '939 s#;date.timezone =#date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai#' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
 ​
 RUN \cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default  /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf \
 && sed -i '17 s/^;//' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
 ​
 RUN \cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf \
 && sed -i 's#user = nobody#user = nginx#' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf \
 && sed -i 's#group = nobody#group = nginx#' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf \  && sed -i 's#listen = 127.0.0.1:9000#listen = 172.18.0.30:9000#' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
 ​
 #也可以提前准备好php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf这三个文件，放入php目录下，之后使用ADD指令复制到镜像中
 ​
 EXPOSE 9000
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm", "-F" ]

 #先拉取镜像centos:7
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# docker pull centos:7
 ​
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# vim /opt/compose_lnmp/docker-compose.yml
 #使用版本2（3版本不支持指令volumes_from)
 version: '2'
 ​
 #使用services定义服务
 services:
   #配置nginx服务
   nginx:
     #设置容器名
     container_name: nginx
     #设置主机名为nginx
     hostname: nginx
     #使用dockerfile创建镜像。Dockerfile文件在当前目录的nginx目录下，文件名为Dockerfile
     build:
       #指定Dockerfile文件所在位置
       context: ./nginx
       dockerfile: Dockerfile
     #映射端口
     ports:
       - 1315:80
       - 1316:443
     #加入到lnmp网络中，使用ip172.18.0.0.10
     networks:
       lnmp:
         ipv4_address: 172.18.0.10
     #将当前目录下的wwwroot目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/nginx/html目录
     volumes:
       - ./wwwroot/:/usr/local/nginx/html
   #配置服务mysql
   mysql:
     container_name: mysql
     hostname: mysql
     build:
       context: ./mysql
       dockerfile: Dockerfile
     ports:
       - 3306:3306
     networks:
       lnmp:
         ipv4_address: 172.18.0.20
     #设置/usr/local/mysql目录为数据卷
     volumes:
       - /usr/local/mysql
   #配置服务php    
   php:
     hostname: php
     build:
       context: ./php
       dockerfile: Dockerfile
     container_name: php
     ports:
       - 9000:9000
     networks:
       lnmp:
         ipv4_address: 172.18.0.30
     #从nginx容器和mysql容器获取数据卷    
     volumes_from:
       - nginx
       - mysql
     #php容器需要在nginx和mysql之后启动  
     depends_on:
       - nginx
       - mysql
     #php和容器nginx，容器mysql连接   
     links:
       - nginx
       - mysql
 #设置网络为自定义网络
 #配置网络模式和网络名      
 networks:
   #设置网络名lnmp
   lnmp:
     #网络模式为bridge桥接模式
     driver: bridge
     ipam:
       config:
         #使用的网段为172.18.0.0/16
         - subnet: 172.18.0.0/16

 #在工作目录使用此命令。
 #-f： --file-name, 指定模板文件。默认为docker-compose.yml
 #-p: --project-name NAME ，指定项目名称，默认使用目录名
 #-d： 在后台运行
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
 ​
 #在工作目录，使用 docker-compose ps 可以看到启动的容器状态
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# docker-compose ps

 #进入mysql容器，进行用户授权。
 [root@zy7 mysql]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
 [root@mysql mysql]# mysql
 ​
 mysql> create database wordpress;
 ​
 mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
 ​
 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
 ​
 mysql> flush privileges;