Python应用打包指南(最新推荐)

# 方式1：全局安装
pip install pyinstaller
# 方式2：在虚拟环境中安装（推荐）
.\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
pip install pyinstaller
# 验证安装
pyinstaller --version

pyinstaller --onefile main.py

pyinstaller --onefile `
    --name "我的应用" `
    --windowed `
    --icon=app.ico `
    --add-data "config.json;." `
    --add-data "assets;assets" `
    main.py

pyinstaller --onedir main.py
# 或者省略参数（默认就是onedir）
pyinstaller main.py

pyinstaller --onedir `
    --name "我的应用" `
    --windowed `
    --icon=app.ico `
    --add-data "config.json;." `
    main.py

dist/
└── 我的应用/
    ├── 我的应用.exe          # 主程序
    ├── python310.dll         # Python运行时
    ├── config.json           # 配置文件
    ├── _internal/            # 依赖库目录
    │   ├── base_library.zip
    │   ├── tkinter/
    │   ├── cryptography/
    │   └── ...
    └── 其他DLL文件

import sys
import os
def get_resource_path(relative_path):
    """获取资源文件的绝对路径（支持打包后）"""
    if hasattr(sys, '_MEIPASS'):
        # PyInstaller打包后的临时目录
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    else:
        # 开发环境
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")
    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)
# 使用示例
config_path = get_resource_path("device_config")
icon_path = get_resource_path("assets/icon.png")

pyinstaller --onedir `
    --exclude-module matplotlib `
    --exclude-module numpy `
    --exclude-module pandas `
    --exclude-module scipy `
    main.py

# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
block_cipher = None
a = Analysis(
    ['main.py'],
    pathex=[],
    binaries=[],
    datas=[('device_config', '.')],
    hiddenimports=[],
    hookspath=[],
    hooksconfig={},
    runtime_hooks=[],
    excludes=['matplotlib', 'numpy'],
    win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
    win_private_assemblies=False,
    cipher=block_cipher,
    noarchive=False,
)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(
    pyz,
    a.scripts,
    a.binaries,
    a.zipfiles,
    a.datas,
    [],
    name='AppManager',
    debug=False,
    bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
    strip=False,
    upx=True,
    upx_exclude=[],
    runtime_tmpdir=None,
    console=False,
    disable_windowed_traceback=False,
    argv_emulation=False,
    target_arch=None,
    codesign_identity=None,
    entitlements_file=None,
    icon='app.ico',
)

pyinstaller AppManager.spec

VSVersionInfo(
  ffi=FixedFileInfo(
    filevers=(1, 0, 0, 0),
    prodvers=(1, 0, 0, 0),
  ),
  kids=[
    StringFileInfo([
      StringTable(
        u'040904B0',
        [StringStruct(u'CompanyName', u'公司名称'),
        StringStruct(u'FileDescription', u'应用描述'),
        StringStruct(u'FileVersion', u'1.0.0.0'),
        StringStruct(u'ProductName', u'产品名称'),
        StringStruct(u'ProductVersion', u'1.0.0.0')])
    ]),
    VarFileInfo([VarStruct(u'Translation', [1033, 1200])])
  ]
)

pyinstaller --onedir --version-file=version.txt main.py

pyinstaller --onedir main.py tool1.py tool2.py

# 下载UPX: https://upx.github.io/
# 将upx.exe放在PATH中
pyinstaller --onefile --upx-dir=./upx main.py

# 添加隐式导入
pyinstaller --onedir --hidden-import=模块名 main.py
# 或修改spec文件
hiddenimports=['PIL', 'PIL._imagingtk', 'cryptography']

# 排除大型库
pyinstaller --exclude-module matplotlib --exclude-module numpy main.py
# 使用虚拟环境（只包含必要依赖）
python -m venv .venv
.\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
pip install 只安装必要的库
pyinstaller main.py

pyinstaller --onedir --hidden-import=tkinter main.py

if __name__ == '__main__':
    multiprocessing.freeze_support()  # 添加这行
    main()

# 手动添加DLL
pyinstaller --add-binary "C:\path\to\missing.dll;."

# 视觉App管理工具打包脚本
Write-Host "=== 开始打包 ===" -ForegroundColor Green
# 1. 激活虚拟环境
Write-Host "激活虚拟环境..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
.\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
# 2. 清理旧文件
Write-Host "清理旧文件..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force build, dist -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
Remove-Item *.spec -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# 3. 执行打包
Write-Host "开始打包..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
pyinstaller --onedir `
    --name "AppManager" `
    --windowed `
    --add-data "device_config;." `
    --exclude-module matplotlib `
    --exclude-module numpy `
    --exclude-module pandas `
    main.py
# 4. 检查结果
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
    Write-Host "打包成功！" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "输出目录: .\dist\AppManager\" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    # 5. 创建压缩包
    Write-Host "创建压缩包..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
    $version = "v1.0"
    $zipName = "AppManager_$version.zip"
    Compress-Archive -Path .\dist\AppManager -DestinationPath $zipName -Force
    Write-Host "压缩包: $zipName" -ForegroundColor Cyan
} else {
    Write-Host "打包失败！" -ForegroundColor Red
}
Write-Host "=== 打包完成 ===" -ForegroundColor Green

.\build.ps1