Python实现读取、修改和计算 Excel 公式的示例详解

pip install spire.xls.free

from spire.xls import *

from spire.xls import *

# 创建新工作簿
workbook = Workbook()

# 获取第一个工作表
sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0]
sheet.Name = "销售数据"  # 设置工作表名称

# 添加表头并设置样式
headers = ["产品", "数量", "单价", "折扣 (%)", "小计", "折后总价"]
for col, header in enumerate(headers, start=1):
    cell = sheet.Range[1, col]                      
    cell.Text = header                               
    cell.Style.Font.IsBold = True                    
    cell.Style.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignType.Center  
    cell.Style.Color = Color.FromRgb(200, 200, 250)  

# 添加示例数据并设置对齐方式
data = [
    ("键盘", 10, 25, 5, "", ""),
    ("鼠标", 15, 12, 0, "", ""),
    ("显示器", 8, 150, 10, "", "需检查"),
    ("USB 数据线", 20, 5, 0, "", ""),
    ("笔记本包", 5, 40, 15, "", "")
]

for row, row_data in enumerate(data, start=2):
    for col, value in enumerate(row_data, start=1):
        cell = sheet.Range[row, col]
        if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
            cell.NumberValue = value                    
            if col > 1:                                
                cell.Style.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignType.Right
        else:
            cell.Text = value                            
            cell.Style.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignType.Left  

# 添加计算公式
for i in range(2, 7):
    sheet.Range[f"E{i}"].Formula = f"=B{i}*C{i}"          
    sheet.Range[f"F{i}"].Formula = f"=E{i}*(1-D{i}/100)" 

# 添加总计和平均值
sheet.Range["E7"].Formula = "=SUM(E2:E6)"
sheet.Range["F7"].Formula = "=SUM(F2:F6)"
sheet.Range["E8"].Formula = "=AVERAGE(E2:E6)"
sheet.Range["F8"].Formula = "=AVERAGE(F2:F6)"

# 高亮显示总计和平均值
for cell_address in ["E7", "F7", "E8", "F8"]:
    cell = sheet.Range[cell_address]
    cell.Style.Font.IsBold = True
    cell.Style.Color = Color.FromRgb(220, 230, 241)

# 计算所有公式
sheet.CalculateAllValue()

# 设置所有行高
for row in range(1, sheet.LastRow + 1):
    sheet.Rows[row - 1].RowHeight = 15  

# 设置所有列宽
for col in range(1, sheet.LastColumn + 1):
    sheet.Columns[col - 1].ColumnWidth = 10 

# 保存工作簿
workbook.SaveToFile("公式.xlsx", ExcelVersion.Version2016)
workbook.Dispose()

from spire.xls import *

# 创建工作簿对象
workbook = Workbook()

# 加载现有 Excel 文件
workbook.LoadFromFile("公式.xlsx")

# 获取第一个工作表
sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0]

# 获取工作表中已用的单元格范围
usedRange = sheet.AllocatedRange

print("=== 读取现有公式 ===")

# 遍历已用范围内的所有单元格
for cell in usedRange:
    if cell.HasFormula:
        print(f"单元格 {cell.RangeAddressLocal} 公式: {cell.Formula}")
        print(f"计算结果: {cell.FormulaValue}")

# 释放工作簿资源
workbook.Dispose()

from spire.xls import *

# 加载现有工作簿
workbook = Workbook()
workbook.LoadFromFile("公式.xlsx")

# 访问第一个工作表
sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0]

# 更新现有数据
sheet.Range["C2"].NumberValue = 27   # 修改键盘单价
sheet.Range["D4"].NumberValue = 12   # 修改显示器折扣

# 修改现有公式
sheet.Range["F6"].Formula = "=E6*(1-D6/100)+5"  # 笔记本包增加额外费用

# 添加新公式
sheet.Range["G2"].Formula = "=C2*B2*0.1"  # 示例：小计的 10% 佣金

# 在工作表级别重新计算所有公式
sheet.CalculateAllValue()  

print("=== 更新公式 ===")

# 获取并打印更新后的值
print(f"键盘折后总价 (F2): {sheet.Range['F2'].FormulaValue}")
print(f"显示器折后总价 (F4): {sheet.Range['F4'].FormulaValue}")
print(f"笔记本包折后总价（含额外费用）(F6): {sheet.Range['F6'].FormulaValue}")
print(f"新增佣金 (G2): {sheet.Range['G2'].FormulaValue}")

# 保存更新后的工作簿
workbook.SaveToFile("更新公式.xlsx", ExcelVersion.Version2016)
workbook.Dispose()