基于Python开发一个日历记账小工具

python calendar_accounting.py

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog
import calendar
import json
import os
from datetime import datetime, date
from collections import defaultdict

class CalendarAccountingApp:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("💰 日历记账小工具")
        self.root.geometry("1200x800")
        self.root.resizable(True, True)
        
        # 设置现代化主题色彩
        self.colors = {
            'primary': '#2E86AB',      # 主色调 - 蓝色
            'secondary': '#A23B72',    # 次要色 - 紫红色
            'success': '#F18F01',      # 成功色 - 橙色
            'danger': '#C73E1D',       # 危险色 - 红色
            'light': '#F5F5F5',        # 浅色背景
            'dark': '#2C3E50',         # 深色文字
            'income': '#27AE60',       # 收入色 - 绿色
            'expense': '#E74C3C',      # 支出色 - 红色
            'balance': '#F39C12',      # 平衡色 - 橙色
            'card_bg': '#FFFFFF',      # 卡片背景
            'border': '#E0E0E0'        # 边框色
        }
        
        # 设置根窗口样式
        self.root.configure(bg=self.colors['light'])
        
        # 配置ttk样式
        self.setup_styles()
        
        # 数据存储文件
        self.data_file = "accounting_data.json"
        self.load_data()
        
        # 当前显示的年月
        self.current_year = datetime.now().year
        self.current_month = datetime.now().month
        
        # 选中的日期
        self.selected_date = None
        
        self.create_widgets()
        self.update_calendar()
        self.update_statistics()
    
    def setup_styles(self):
        """设置现代化样式主题"""
        style = ttk.Style()
        
        # 配置LabelFrame样式
        style.configure('Card.TLabelframe', 
                       background=self.colors['card_bg'],
                       borderwidth=1,
                       relief='solid')
        style.configure('Card.TLabelframe.Label',
                       background=self.colors['card_bg'],
                       foreground=self.colors['primary'],
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 11, 'bold'))
        
        # 配置按钮样式
        style.configure('Primary.TButton',
                       background=self.colors['primary'],
                       foreground='white',
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 9, 'bold'),
                       padding=(10, 5))
        
        style.configure('Success.TButton',
                       background=self.colors['income'],
                       foreground='white',
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 9, 'bold'),
                       padding=(10, 5))
        
        style.configure('Danger.TButton',
                       background=self.colors['expense'],
                       foreground='white',
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 9, 'bold'),
                       padding=(10, 5))
        
        # 配置Entry样式
        style.configure('Modern.TEntry',
                       fieldbackground='white',
                       borderwidth=1,
                       relief='solid',
                       padding=(8, 5))
        
        # 配置Treeview样式
        style.configure('Modern.Treeview',
                       background='white',
                       foreground=self.colors['dark'],
                       rowheight=25,
                       fieldbackground='white')
        style.configure('Modern.Treeview.Heading',
                       background=self.colors['primary'],
                       foreground='white',
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 9, 'bold'))
        
        # 配置Label样式
        style.configure('Title.TLabel',
                       background=self.colors['card_bg'],
                       foreground=self.colors['dark'],
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'))
        
        style.configure('Stats.TLabel',
                       background=self.colors['card_bg'],
                       foreground=self.colors['primary'],
                       font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 12, 'bold'))
    
    def load_data(self):
        """加载记账数据"""
        if os.path.exists(self.data_file):
            try:
                with open(self.data_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                    self.data = json.load(f)
            except:
                self.data = {}
        else:
            self.data = {}
    
    def save_data(self):
        """保存记账数据"""
        with open(self.data_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            json.dump(self.data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
    
    def create_widgets(self):
        """创建界面组件"""
        # 主框架
        main_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg=self.colors['light'], padx=20, pady=20)
        main_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E, tk.N, tk.S))
        
        # 配置网格权重
        self.root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        main_frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        main_frame.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
        
        # 左侧日历区域
        calendar_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="📅 日历视图", padding="15", style='Card.TLabelframe')
        calendar_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=2, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E, tk.N, tk.S), padx=(0, 15))
        
        # 年月选择
        date_frame = tk.Frame(calendar_frame, bg=self.colors['card_bg'])
        date_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=7, pady=(0, 15))
        
        prev_btn = tk.Button(date_frame, text="◀", command=self.prev_month,
                           bg=self.colors['primary'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 12, 'bold'),
                           relief='flat', padx=15, pady=5, cursor='hand2')
        prev_btn.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=(0, 10))
        
        self.month_label = tk.Label(date_frame, text="", font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 14, 'bold'),
                                  bg=self.colors['card_bg'], fg=self.colors['dark'])
        self.month_label.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=20)
        
        next_btn = tk.Button(date_frame, text="▶", command=self.next_month,
                           bg=self.colors['primary'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 12, 'bold'),
                           relief='flat', padx=15, pady=5, cursor='hand2')
        next_btn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=(10, 0))
        
        # 日历网格
        self.calendar_buttons = {}
        
        # 星期标题
        weekdays = ['周一', '周二', '周三', '周四', '周五', '周六', '周日']
        for i, day in enumerate(weekdays):
            label = tk.Label(calendar_frame, text=day, font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'),
                           bg=self.colors['secondary'], fg='white', pady=8)
            label.grid(row=1, column=i, padx=2, pady=2, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E))
        
        # 日期按钮
        for week in range(6):
            for day in range(7):
                btn = tk.Button(calendar_frame, text="", width=6, height=2,
                              font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'),
                              relief='flat', cursor='hand2',
                              command=lambda w=week, d=day: self.select_date(w, d))
                btn.grid(row=week+2, column=day, padx=2, pady=2, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E))
                self.calendar_buttons[(week, day)] = btn
        
        # 右侧操作区域
        right_frame = tk.Frame(main_frame, bg=self.colors['light'])
        right_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E, tk.N, tk.S))
        right_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        
        # 记账操作区
        account_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(right_frame, text="💳 记账操作", padding="15", style='Card.TLabelframe')
        account_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E), pady=(0, 15))
        account_frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        
        # 选中日期显示
        ttk.Label(account_frame, text="📅 选中日期:", style='Title.TLabel').grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
        self.selected_date_label = tk.Label(account_frame, text="请选择日期", 
                                          fg=self.colors['primary'], bg=self.colors['card_bg'],
                                          font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'))
        self.selected_date_label.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=(10, 0))
        
        # 金额输入
        ttk.Label(account_frame, text="💰 金额:", style='Title.TLabel').grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, pady=(15, 0))
        self.amount_var = tk.StringVar()
        amount_entry = ttk.Entry(account_frame, textvariable=self.amount_var, width=20, style='Modern.TEntry')
        amount_entry.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=(10, 0), pady=(15, 0))
        
        # 描述输入
        ttk.Label(account_frame, text="📝 描述:", style='Title.TLabel').grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.W, pady=(15, 0))
        self.desc_var = tk.StringVar()
        desc_entry = ttk.Entry(account_frame, textvariable=self.desc_var, width=35, style='Modern.TEntry')
        desc_entry.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E), padx=(10, 0), pady=(15, 0))
        
        # 按钮
        btn_frame = tk.Frame(account_frame, bg=self.colors['card_bg'])
        btn_frame.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=2, pady=(20, 0))
        
        income_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="💚 添加收入", command=lambda: self.add_record('income'),
                             bg=self.colors['income'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'),
                             relief='flat', padx=20, pady=8, cursor='hand2')
        income_btn.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=(0, 15))
        
        expense_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="❤️ 添加支出", command=lambda: self.add_record('expense'),
                              bg=self.colors['expense'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'),
                              relief='flat', padx=20, pady=8, cursor='hand2')
        expense_btn.grid(row=0, column=1)
        
        # 当日记录显示区
        records_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(right_frame, text="📋 当日记录", padding="15", style='Card.TLabelframe')
        records_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E, tk.N, tk.S), pady=(0, 15))
        records_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        records_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        
        # 记录列表
        self.records_tree = ttk.Treeview(records_frame, columns=('type', 'amount', 'desc'), 
                                       show='headings', height=8, style='Modern.Treeview')
        self.records_tree.heading('type', text='💼 类型')
        self.records_tree.heading('amount', text='💰 金额')
        self.records_tree.heading('desc', text='📝 描述')
        self.records_tree.column('type', width=80)
        self.records_tree.column('amount', width=100)
        self.records_tree.column('desc', width=250)
        
        scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(records_frame, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=self.records_tree.yview)
        self.records_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
        
        self.records_tree.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E, tk.N, tk.S))
        scrollbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S))
        
        # 删除按钮
        delete_btn = tk.Button(records_frame, text="🗑️ 删除选中记录", command=self.delete_record,
                             bg=self.colors['danger'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 9, 'bold'),
                             relief='flat', padx=15, pady=5, cursor='hand2')
        delete_btn.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=(15, 0))
        
        # 底部统计和导出区
        bottom_frame = tk.Frame(main_frame, bg=self.colors['light'])
        bottom_frame.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E))
        bottom_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        
        # 统计信息
        stats_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(bottom_frame, text="📊 统计信息", padding="15", style='Card.TLabelframe')
        stats_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E), pady=(0, 15))
        
        self.stats_label = tk.Label(stats_frame, text="总收入: ¥0.00 | 总支出: ¥0.00 | 净收入: ¥0.00", 
                                  font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 12, 'bold'),
                                  bg=self.colors['card_bg'], fg=self.colors['primary'])
        self.stats_label.grid(row=0, column=0)
        
        # 导出功能
        export_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(bottom_frame, text="📤 导出功能", padding="15", style='Card.TLabelframe')
        export_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.E))
        
        ttk.Label(export_frame, text="📅 导出范围:", style='Title.TLabel').grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
        
        date_range_frame = tk.Frame(export_frame, bg=self.colors['card_bg'])
        date_range_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=(15, 0))
        
        self.start_date_var = tk.StringVar(value=f"{self.current_year}-{self.current_month:02d}-01")
        ttk.Entry(date_range_frame, textvariable=self.start_date_var, width=12, style='Modern.TEntry').grid(row=0, column=0)
        tk.Label(date_range_frame, text=" 至 ", bg=self.colors['card_bg'], fg=self.colors['dark'],
               font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10)).grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10)
        
        last_day = calendar.monthrange(self.current_year, self.current_month)[1]
        self.end_date_var = tk.StringVar(value=f"{self.current_year}-{self.current_month:02d}-{last_day:02d}")
        ttk.Entry(date_range_frame, textvariable=self.end_date_var, width=12, style='Modern.TEntry').grid(row=0, column=2)
        
        export_btn = tk.Button(export_frame, text="📊 导出CSV", command=self.export_csv,
                             bg=self.colors['success'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'),
                             relief='flat', padx=20, pady=5, cursor='hand2')
        export_btn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=(25, 0))
    
    def prev_month(self):
        """上一个月"""
        if self.current_month == 1:
            self.current_month = 12
            self.current_year -= 1
        else:
            self.current_month -= 1
        self.update_calendar()
        self.update_date_range()
    
    def next_month(self):
        """下一个月"""
        if self.current_month == 12:
            self.current_month = 1
            self.current_year += 1
        else:
            self.current_month += 1
        self.update_calendar()
        self.update_date_range()
    
    def update_date_range(self):
        """更新导出日期范围"""
        self.start_date_var.set(f"{self.current_year}-{self.current_month:02d}-01")
        last_day = calendar.monthrange(self.current_year, self.current_month)[1]
        self.end_date_var.set(f"{self.current_year}-{self.current_month:02d}-{last_day:02d}")
    
    def update_calendar(self):
        """更新日历显示"""
        # 更新月份标签
        self.month_label.config(text=f"📅 {self.current_year}年{self.current_month}月")
        
        # 获取月历
        cal = calendar.monthcalendar(self.current_year, self.current_month)
        
        # 清空所有按钮
        for btn in self.calendar_buttons.values():
            btn.config(text="", state=tk.DISABLED, bg="SystemButtonFace")
        
        # 填充日期
        for week_num, week in enumerate(cal):
            for day_num, day in enumerate(week):
                if day == 0:
                    continue
                
                btn = self.calendar_buttons[(week_num, day_num)]
                btn.config(text=str(day), state=tk.NORMAL)
                
                # 检查是否有记录
                date_str = f"{self.current_year}-{self.current_month:02d}-{day:02d}"
                if date_str in self.data:
                    # 计算当日收支
                    daily_income = sum(record['amount'] for record in self.data[date_str] if record['type'] == 'income')
                    daily_expense = sum(record['amount'] for record in self.data[date_str] if record['type'] == 'expense')
                    
                    if daily_income > daily_expense:
                        btn.config(bg=self.colors['income'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'))  # 收入大于支出
                    elif daily_expense > daily_income:
                        btn.config(bg=self.colors['expense'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'))  # 支出大于收入
                    else:
                        btn.config(bg=self.colors['balance'], fg='white', font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10, 'bold'))  # 收支平衡
                else:
                    btn.config(bg='white', fg=self.colors['dark'], font=('Microsoft YaHei UI', 10), 
                             relief='solid', bd=1, activebackground=self.colors['light'])
    
    def select_date(self, week, day):
        """选择日期"""
        btn = self.calendar_buttons[(week, day)]
        if btn['text'] == "":
            return
        
        day_num = int(btn['text'])
        self.selected_date = f"{self.current_year}-{self.current_month:02d}-{day_num:02d}"
        self.selected_date_label.config(text=self.selected_date)
        
        # 更新当日记录显示
        self.update_daily_records()
    
    def update_daily_records(self):
        """更新当日记录显示"""
        # 清空列表
        for item in self.records_tree.get_children():
            self.records_tree.delete(item)
        
        if not self.selected_date or self.selected_date not in self.data:
            return
        
        # 添加记录
        for record in self.data[self.selected_date]:
            type_text = "收入" if record['type'] == 'income' else "支出"
            amount_text = f"¥{record['amount']:.2f}"
            self.records_tree.insert('', tk.END, values=(type_text, amount_text, record['description']))
    
    def add_record(self, record_type):
        """添加记录"""
        if not self.selected_date:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请先选择日期")
            return
        
        try:
            amount = float(self.amount_var.get())
            if amount <= 0:
                raise ValueError()
        except ValueError:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请输入有效的金额")
            return
        
        description = self.desc_var.get().strip()
        if not description:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请输入描述")
            return
        
        # 添加记录
        if self.selected_date not in self.data:
            self.data[self.selected_date] = []
        
        record = {
            'type': record_type,
            'amount': amount,
            'description': description,
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat()
        }
        
        self.data[self.selected_date].append(record)
        self.save_data()
        
        # 清空输入
        self.amount_var.set("")
        self.desc_var.set("")
        
        # 更新显示
        self.update_calendar()
        self.update_daily_records()
        self.update_statistics()
        
        messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"已添加{('收入' if record_type == 'income' else '支出')}记录")
    
    def delete_record(self):
        """删除选中的记录"""
        selection = self.records_tree.selection()
        if not selection:
            messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请选择要删除的记录")
            return
        
        if messagebox.askyesno("确认", "确定要删除选中的记录吗？"):
            # 获取选中项的索引
            item = selection[0]
            index = self.records_tree.index(item)
            
            # 删除数据
            if self.selected_date in self.data and index < len(self.data[self.selected_date]):
                del self.data[self.selected_date][index]
                
                # 如果该日期没有记录了，删除日期键
                if not self.data[self.selected_date]:
                    del self.data[self.selected_date]
                
                self.save_data()
                
                # 更新显示
                self.update_calendar()
                self.update_daily_records()
                self.update_statistics()
                
                messagebox.showinfo("成功", "记录已删除")
    
    def update_statistics(self):
        """更新统计信息"""
        total_income = 0
        total_expense = 0
        
        for date_records in self.data.values():
            for record in date_records:
                if record['type'] == 'income':
                    total_income += record['amount']
                else:
                    total_expense += record['amount']
        
        net_income = total_income - total_expense
        
        # 根据净收入设置颜色
        if net_income > 0:
            color = self.colors['income']
            icon = "📈"
        elif net_income < 0:
            color = self.colors['expense']
            icon = "📉"
        else:
            color = self.colors['balance']
            icon = "⚖️"
        
        stats_text = f"💰 总收入: ¥{total_income:.2f} | 💸 总支出: ¥{total_expense:.2f} | {icon} 净收入: ¥{net_income:.2f}"
        self.stats_label.config(text=stats_text, fg=color)
    
    def export_csv(self):
        """导出CSV文件"""
        try:
            start_date = datetime.strptime(self.start_date_var.get(), "%Y-%m-%d").date()
            end_date = datetime.strptime(self.end_date_var.get(), "%Y-%m-%d").date()
        except ValueError:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "日期格式不正确，请使用YYYY-MM-DD格式")
            return
        
        if start_date > end_date:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "开始日期不能大于结束日期")
            return
        
        # 选择保存文件
        filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(
            defaultextension=".csv",
            filetypes=[("CSV文件", "*.csv"), ("所有文件", "*.*")],
            title="保存导出文件"
        )
        
        if not filename:
            return
        
        try:
            import csv
            with open(filename, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as csvfile:
                writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
                writer.writerow(['日期', '类型', '金额', '描述', '时间戳'])
                
                # 按日期排序导出
                current_date = start_date
                while current_date <= end_date:
                    date_str = current_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
                    if date_str in self.data:
                        for record in self.data[date_str]:
                            type_text = "收入" if record['type'] == 'income' else "支出"
                            writer.writerow([
                                date_str,
                                type_text,
                                f"{record['amount']:.2f}",
                                record['description'],
                                record.get('timestamp', '')
                            ])
                    
                    # 下一天
                    from datetime import timedelta
                    current_date += timedelta(days=1)
            
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"数据已导出到: {filename}")
        
        except Exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"导出失败: {str(e)}")

def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = CalendarAccountingApp(root)
    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()