Python Pandas读取Excel数据并根据时间字段筛选数据

2025-07-22 10:05:07 作者：岫珩

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Python如何调用Pandas实现读取Excel数据并根据时间字段筛选数据,感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起学习一下

1. 需求描述

现在有一个excel表格，其中包含设备字段device_id、最后使用时间字段end_time以及其他字段若干

需要将表格中的每个设备对应的最新的使用时间筛选出来，并在结果中根据最新时间筛选出4月和5月

对应的设备号列表

2. 读取excel表格

import pandas as pd

# 读取 Excel 文件
file_path = r"C:\Users\Downloads\file_record.xlsx"  # 替换为你的文件路径
df = pd.read_excel(file_path)
# 显示前几行数据
# print(df.head())
# print(df)

3. 筛选最新时间

先根据时间重置DataFrame对象

# Assuming 'df' is your DataFrame and 'end_time' is initially in string format
df['end_time'] = pd.to_datetime(df['end_time'])  # Convert to datetime if necessary

然后根据设备号分组，再取end_time中最新即最大时间值，并重置索引

# Group by 'device_id' and find the max (latest) 'end_time' for each group
latest_end_times = df.groupby('device_id')['end_time'].max().reset_index()

4. 筛选具体月份数据

在上面的最新时间中筛选出4月和5月的设备列表

# Filter the 'latest_end_times' DataFrame to only include devices with 'end_time' in April or May
filtered_devices = latest_end_times[
    (latest_end_times['end_time'].dt.month == 4) | 
    (latest_end_times['end_time'].dt.month == 5)
]

5.输出结果

遍历结果中设备和时间信息

for index, row in filtered_devices.iterrows():
    device_id = row['device_id']
    latest_end_time = row['end_time']
    print(f"Device ID: {device_id}, Latest End Time: {latest_end_time}")


# 'filtered_devices' now contains the device information for which the latest 'end_time' is in April or May

6. 完整代码

完整代码如下

import pandas as pd

# 读取 Excel 文件
file_path = r"C:\Users\Downloads\file_record.xlsx"  # 替换为你的文件路径
df = pd.read_excel(file_path)

# 显示前几行数据
# print(df.head())
# print(df)

# Assuming 'df' is your DataFrame and 'end_time' is initially in string format
df['end_time'] = pd.to_datetime(df['end_time'])  # Convert to datetime if necessary
# print(df.head())

# Group by 'device_id' and find the max (latest) 'end_time' for each group
latest_end_times = df.groupby('device_id')['end_time'].max().reset_index()
# print(df)


# Filter the 'latest_end_times' DataFrame to only include devices with 'end_time' in April or May
filtered_devices = latest_end_times[
    (latest_end_times['end_time'].dt.month == 4) | 
    (latest_end_times['end_time'].dt.month == 5)
]

for index, row in filtered_devices.iterrows():
    device_id = row['device_id']
    latest_end_time = row['end_time']
    print(f"Device ID: {device_id}, Latest End Time: {latest_end_time}")


# 'filtered_devices' now contains the device information for which the latest 'end_time' is in April or May

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