Python使用smtplib库开发一个邮件自动发送工具
作者:笨笨轻松熊
在现代软件开发中,自动化邮件发送是一个非常实用的功能,无论是系统通知、营销邮件、还是日常工作报告,Python的smtplib库都能帮助我们轻松实现这些功能,本教程将详细介绍如何使用Python的smtplib库开发一个功能完整的邮件自动发送工具,需要的朋友可以参考下
代码实现与知识点解析
1. 导入必要的库
# 导入tkinter模块,用于创建图形界面 import tkinter as tk # 导入ttk模块,用于创建标签页控件 from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, messagebox, scrolledtext # 导入os模块,用于文件操作 import os # 导入csv模块,用于读取CSV文件 import csv # 导入datetime模块,用于获取当前日期和时间 from datetime import datetime # 导入logging模块,用于日志记录 import logging # 导入sys模块,用于系统操作 import sys
2. 配置邮件服务器参数
SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)是一种简单的邮件传输协议,用于在服务器之间发送电子邮件。在Python中,我们可以使用smtplib库来实现SMTP客户端功能,与邮件服务器进行通信。这里我选的是QQ邮箱作为服务端,其配置如下:

找到POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务,开启服务并获取授权码

将配置内容写在一个config.py文件中
MAIL_SERVER = 'smtp.qq.com' # 邮件服务器地址 MAIL_PORT = 465 # 邮件服务器端口 MAIL_USE_TLS = False # 是否使用TLS MAIL_USERNAME = '******@qq.com' # 邮件服务器用户名 MAIL_PASSWORD = 'ydevxpkfezjyaddd' # 邮件服务器密码 MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = '*******@qq.com' # 邮件服务器默认发件人
注意:授权码不是密码
知识点:
- SMTP服务器地址和端口:不同邮箱服务商有不同的服务器地址和端口
- TLS加密:保护邮件传输安全
- 应用专用密码:许多邮箱服务商(如QQ邮箱)要求使用应用专用密码而非登录密码
3. 创建邮件发送类
- 日志
- 发送邮件(单个收件人)
- 发送邮件(批量)
def create_email_sender(self):
"""创建临时配置对象"""
# 创建一个临时的配置对象
class TempConfig:
def __init__(self, app):
self.MAIL_SERVER = app.server_var.get()
self.MAIL_PORT = app.port_var.get()
self.MAIL_USE_TLS = app.use_tls_var.get()
self.MAIL_USERNAME = app.username_var.get()
self.MAIL_PASSWORD = app.password_var.get()
self.MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = app.sender_var.get()
class CustomEmailSender():
def __init__(self, config):
self.server = config.MAIL_SERVER
self.port = config.MAIL_PORT
self.use_tls = config.MAIL_USE_TLS
self.username = config.MAIL_USERNAME
self.password = config.MAIL_PASSWORD
self.default_sender = config.MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER
# 设置日志
self._setup_logging()
def _setup_logging(self):
"""设置日志记录"""
log_dir = "logs"
# 如果日志目录不存在,则创建日志目录
if not os.path.exists(log_dir):
os.makedirs(log_dir)
# 创建日志文件
log_file = os.path.join(log_dir, f"email_sender_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}.log")
# 配置日志记录
logging.basicConfig(
# 设置日志级别
level=logging.INFO,
# 设置日志格式
format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
# 设置日志处理器
handlers=[
# 设置日志文件处理器
logging.FileHandler(log_file),
# 设置日志控制台处理器
logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
]
)
# 获取日志记录器
self.logger = logging.getLogger("EmailSender")
def send_email(self, to_addrs, subject, body, attachments=None, cc=None, bcc=None, html=False):
"""发送邮件(单个收件人)"""
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
# 转换地址格式
if isinstance(to_addrs, str):
to_addrs = [to_addrs]
# 如果抄送地址为字符串,则转换为列表
if isinstance(cc, str):
cc = [cc]
# 如果抄送地址为None,则设置为空列表
elif cc is None:
cc = []
if isinstance(bcc, str):
bcc = [bcc]
elif bcc is None:
bcc = []
# 创建邮件对象
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = self.default_sender
msg['To'] = ', '.join(to_addrs)
msg['Subject'] = subject
if cc:
msg['Cc'] = ', '.join(cc)
# 添加邮件正文
if html:
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
else:
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 添加附件
if attachments:
for file_path in attachments:
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
attachment = MIMEApplication(f.read())
attachment.add_header(
'Content-Disposition',
'attachment',
filename=os.path.basename(file_path)
)
msg.attach(attachment)
else:
self.logger.warning(f"附件不存在: {file_path}")
# 所有收件人列表(包括抄送和密送)
all_recipients = to_addrs + cc + bcc
try:
# 连接到SMTP服务器 - 修复连接问题
if self.port == 465:
# 使用SSL
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
else:
# 普通连接
server = smtplib.SMTP(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
# 如果使用TLS
if self.use_tls:
server.starttls()
# 登录
server.login(self.username, self.password)
# 发送邮件
server.sendmail(self.default_sender, all_recipients, msg.as_string())
# 关闭连接
server.quit()
self.logger.info(f"邮件已成功发送给: {', '.join(to_addrs)}")
return True
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error(f"发送邮件失败: {str(e)}")
return False
def send_bulk_emails(self, recipients_data, subject_template, body_template, attachments=None, html=False):
"""批量发送邮件"""
# 成功发送的邮件数量
success_count = 0
# 遍历收件人数据
for recipient_data in recipients_data:
# 获取收件人邮箱地址
to_addr = recipient_data.get('email')
# 如果收件人邮箱地址为空,则跳过此条记录
if not to_addr:
self.logger.warning("缺少收件人邮箱地址,跳过此条记录")
continue
# 替换模板变量
subject = subject_template
body = body_template
# 遍历收件人数据
for key, value in recipient_data.items():
# 如果key不是邮箱地址,则替换模板变量
if key != 'email':
placeholder = f"{{{key}}}"
subject = subject.replace(placeholder, str(value))
body = body.replace(placeholder, str(value))
# 发送邮件
if self.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments, html=html):
success_count += 1
# 返回成功发送的邮件数量
return success_count
# 创建并返回自定义CustomEmailSender实例
config = TempConfig(self)
return CustomEmailSender(config)
4. 实现邮件发送功能
简单邮件发送
def send_simple_email(self):
"""发送简单邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
# 获取收件人
to_addr = self.simple_to_var.get()
# 获取主题
subject = self.simple_subject_var.get()
# 获取正文
body = self.simple_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
# 如果收件人、主题和正文为空,则提示错误
if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
return
self.status_var.set("正在发送邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body):
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "邮件发送成功!")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送成功")
else:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
HTML邮件
def send_html_email(self):
"""发送HTML邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
to_addr = self.html_to_var.get()
subject = self.html_subject_var.get()
body = self.html_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
return
self.status_var.set("正在发送HTML邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, html=True):
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "HTML邮件发送成功!")
self.status_var.set("HTML邮件发送成功")
else:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
带附件的邮件
1.删除附件和发送附件
def add_attachment(self):
"""添加附件"""
files = filedialog.askopenfilenames(title="选择附件")
for file in files:
self.attach_files_listbox.insert(tk.END, file)
def remove_attachment(self):
"""删除选中的附件"""
selected = self.attach_files_listbox.curselection()
if selected:
for index in reversed(selected):
self.attach_files_listbox.delete(index)
2.发送
def send_attachment_email(self):
"""发送带附件的邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
to_addr = self.attach_to_var.get()
subject = self.attach_subject_var.get()
body = self.attach_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
return
attachments = list(self.attach_files_listbox.get(0, tk.END))
self.status_var.set("正在发送带附件的邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments):
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "带附件的邮件发送成功!")
self.status_var.set("带附件的邮件发送成功")
else:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
批量发送
1.添加CSV文件
def browse_csv(self):
"""浏览CSV文件"""
file = filedialog.askopenfilename(title="选择CSV文件", filetypes=[("CSV文件", "*.csv")])
if file:
self.bulk_csv_var.set(file)
2.发送
def send_bulk_emails(self):
"""批量发送邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
# 获取批量发送邮件的配置
csv_file = self.bulk_csv_var.get()
# 获取主题模板
subject_template = self.bulk_subject_var.get()
# 获取正文模板
body_template = self.bulk_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
# 获取是否为HTML格式
html = self.bulk_html_var.get()
# 如果CSV文件、主题模板和正文模板为空,则提示错误
if not csv_file or not subject_template or not body_template.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "CSV文件、主题模板和正文模板不能为空")
return
# 如果CSV文件不存在,则提示错误
if not os.path.isfile(csv_file):
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"文件不存在: {csv_file}")
return
# 读取CSV文件
recipients = []
with open(csv_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
reader = csv.DictReader(f)
for row in reader:
recipients.append(row)
# 如果CSV文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
if not recipients:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "CSV文件为空或格式不正确。")
return
# 如果CSV文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
self.status_var.set("正在批量发送邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
# 批量发送邮件
success_count = sender.send_bulk_emails(recipients, subject_template, body_template, html=html)
messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"批量发送完成,成功发送 {success_count}/{len(recipients)} 封邮件。")
self.status_var.set(f"批量发送完成,成功: {success_count}/{len(recipients)}")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
配置
1.加载配置
def load_config(self):
"""加载配置"""
try:
# 从config.py文件中导入配置
from config import (
MAIL_SERVER, MAIL_PORT, MAIL_USE_TLS,
MAIL_USERNAME, MAIL_PASSWORD, MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER
)
# 将配置数据转换为字典
config_data = {
'server': MAIL_SERVER,
'port': MAIL_PORT,
'use_tls': MAIL_USE_TLS,
'username': MAIL_USERNAME,
'password': MAIL_PASSWORD,
'default_sender': MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER
}
# 返回配置数据(字典格式)
return config_data
except ImportError:
# 如果无法加载配置文件,则返回默认配置
messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法加载配置文件,请检查config.py是否存在")
return {
'server': 'smtp.qq.com',
'port': 465,
'use_tls': False,
'username': '2949666522@qq.com',
'password': 'ydevxpkfezjydddd',
'default_sender': '2949666522@qq.com'
}
2.保存配置
def save_config(self):
"""修改配置文件,保存配置到config.py文件"""
try:
# 打开config.py文件,准备写入配置信息
with open('config.py', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
# 写入配置信息
f.write(f"# 邮件服务器配置\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_SERVER = '{self.server_var.get()}'\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_PORT = {self.port_var.get()}\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_USE_TLS = {self.use_tls_var.get()}\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_USERNAME = '{self.username_var.get()}'\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_PASSWORD = '{self.password_var.get()}' # 注意:这是应用专用密码,不是登录密码\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = '{self.sender_var.get()}'\n")
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "配置已保存")
self.status_var.set("配置已保存")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
3.测试SMTP连接
def test_connection(self):
"""测试SMTP连接"""
try:
import smtplib
import socket
self.status_var.set("正在测试SMTP连接...")
self.update_idletasks()
server = self.server_var.get()
port = self.port_var.get()
use_tls = self.use_tls_var.get()
username = self.username_var.get()
password = self.password_var.get()
# 设置超时时间
socket.setdefaulttimeout(10)
# 连接到SMTP服务器
if port == 465:
# 使用SSL
smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(server, port, timeout=10)
else:
# 普通连接
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(server, port, timeout=10)
# 如果使用TLS
if use_tls:
smtp.starttls()
# 登录
smtp.login(username, password)
# 关闭连接
smtp.quit()
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "SMTP连接测试成功!")
self.status_var.set("SMTP连接测试成功")
except socket.timeout:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "连接超时,请检查服务器地址和端口")
self.status_var.set("SMTP连接超时")
except smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "认证失败,请检查用户名和密码")
self.status_var.set("SMTP认证失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
知识点:
- 邮件对象构建:使用MIMEMultipart创建包含多部分内容的邮件
- 文件操作:读取附件文件并添加到邮件中
- 异常处理:捕获并记录邮件发送过程中的错误
- 上下文管理器:使用with语句自动关闭SMTP连接
5. 实现视图
def create_simple_email_tab(self):
"""创建简单邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="简单邮件")
# 收件人,
ttk.Label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.simple_to_var = tk.StringVar()
# 收件人输入框
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.simple_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 正文
ttk.Label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.simple_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=15)
self.simple_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_simple_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
def create_html_email_tab(self):
"""创建HTML邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="HTML邮件")
# 收件人
ttk.Label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.html_to_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.html_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# HTML正文
ttk.Label(tab, text="HTML正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.html_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=15)
self.html_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_html_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
def create_attachment_email_tab(self):
"""创建带附件邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="带附件邮件")
# 收件人
ttk.Label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_to_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 正文
ttk.Label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=10)
self.attach_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 附件列表
ttk.Label(tab, text="附件:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_files_listbox = tk.Listbox(tab, width=50, height=5)
self.attach_files_listbox.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 附件按钮
attach_buttons_frame = ttk.Frame(tab)
attach_buttons_frame.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.N, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Button(attach_buttons_frame, text="添加", command=self.add_attachment).pack(fill=tk.X, pady=2)
ttk.Button(attach_buttons_frame, text="删除", command=self.remove_attachment).pack(fill=tk.X, pady=2)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_attachment_email).grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(3, weight=1)
def create_bulk_email_tab(self):
"""创建批量发送邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="批量发送")
# CSV文件
ttk.Label(tab, text="CSV文件:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bulk_csv_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_csv_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Button(tab, text="浏览...", command=self.browse_csv).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题模板
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题模板:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bulk_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 正文模板
ttk.Label(tab, text="正文模板:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bulk_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=15)
self.bulk_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# HTML格式
self.bulk_html_var = tk.BooleanVar()
ttk.Checkbutton(tab, text="HTML格式", variable=self.bulk_html_var).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_bulk_emails).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
def create_config_tab(self):
"""创建配置标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="配置")
# 服务器
ttk.Label(tab, text="SMTP服务器:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.server_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['server'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.server_var, width=30).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 端口
ttk.Label(tab, text="端口:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.port_var = tk.IntVar(value=self.mail_config['port'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.port_var, width=10).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
# 使用TLS
self.use_tls_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=self.mail_config['use_tls'])
ttk.Checkbutton(tab, text="使用TLS", variable=self.use_tls_var).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
# 用户名
ttk.Label(tab, text="用户名:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.username_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['username'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.username_var, width=30).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 密码
ttk.Label(tab, text="授权密码:").grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.password_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['password'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.password_var, width=30, show="*").grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 默认发件人
ttk.Label(tab, text="默认发件人:").grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.sender_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['default_sender'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.sender_var, width=30).grid(row=5, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 按钮框架
button_frame = ttk.Frame(tab)
button_frame.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 测试连接按钮
ttk.Button(button_frame, text="测试连接", command=self.test_connection).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5)
# 保存按钮
ttk.Button(button_frame, text="保存配置", command=self.save_config).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
常用布局参数解释
创建参数:
tab: 父容器(与标签相同)textvariable=self.simple_to_var: 绑定到前面创建的字符串变量width=50: 输入框宽度为50个字符单位
布局参数 (.grid):
row=0: 放在网格的第0行column=0: 放在网格的第0列sticky=tk.W: 标签在网格单元格内靠左对齐(西侧)padx=5: 水平方向(左右)各5像素的外边距pady=5: 垂直方向(上下)各5像素的外边距
6.总代码
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Python邮件自动发送工具 - 图形界面版
功能:使用tkinter实现邮件发送图形界面,支持文本邮件、HTML邮件、带附件邮件和批量发送
"""
# 导入tkinter模块,用于创建图形界面
import tkinter as tk
# 导入ttk模块,用于创建标签页控件
from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, messagebox, scrolledtext
# 导入os模块,用于文件操作
import os
# 导入csv模块,用于读取CSV文件
import csv
# 导入datetime模块,用于获取当前日期和时间
from datetime import datetime
# 导入logging模块,用于日志记录
import logging
# 导入sys模块,用于系统操作
import sys
class EmailSenderApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# 设置窗口标题
self.title("Python邮件自动发送工具")
# 设置窗口大小
self.geometry("800x600")
# 设置窗口是否可调整大小
self.resizable(True, True)
# 加载配置
self.mail_config = self.load_config()
# 创建标签页控件
self.notebook = ttk.Notebook(self)
self.notebook.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=10)
# 创建各个标签页
self.create_simple_email_tab()
self.create_html_email_tab()
self.create_attachment_email_tab()
self.create_bulk_email_tab()
self.create_config_tab()
# 状态栏
self.status_var = tk.StringVar()
# 设置状态栏初始状态
self.status_var.set("就绪")
# 创建状态栏
self.status_bar = ttk.Label(self, textvariable=self.status_var, relief=tk.SUNKEN, anchor=tk.W)
# 将状态栏放置在底部
self.status_bar.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.X)
def load_config(self):
"""加载配置"""
try:
# 从config.py文件中导入配置
from config import (
MAIL_SERVER, MAIL_PORT, MAIL_USE_TLS,
MAIL_USERNAME, MAIL_PASSWORD, MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER
)
# 将配置数据转换为字典
config_data = {
'server': MAIL_SERVER,
'port': MAIL_PORT,
'use_tls': MAIL_USE_TLS,
'username': MAIL_USERNAME,
'password': MAIL_PASSWORD,
'default_sender': MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER
}
# 返回配置数据(字典格式)
return config_data
except ImportError:
# 如果无法加载配置文件,则返回默认配置
messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法加载配置文件,请检查config.py是否存在")
return {
'server': 'smtp.qq.com',
'port': 465,
'use_tls': False,
'username': '2949666522@qq.com',
'password': 'ydevxpkfezjydddd',
'default_sender': '2949666522@qq.com'
}
def save_config(self):
"""修改配置文件,保存配置到config.py文件"""
try:
# 打开config.py文件,准备写入配置信息
with open('config.py', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
# 写入配置信息
f.write(f"# 邮件服务器配置\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_SERVER = '{self.server_var.get()}'\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_PORT = {self.port_var.get()}\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_USE_TLS = {self.use_tls_var.get()}\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_USERNAME = '{self.username_var.get()}'\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_PASSWORD = '{self.password_var.get()}' # 注意:这是应用专用密码,不是登录密码\n")
f.write(f"MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = '{self.sender_var.get()}'\n")
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "配置已保存")
self.status_var.set("配置已保存")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
def create_simple_email_tab(self):
"""创建简单邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="简单邮件")
# 收件人,
ttk.Label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.simple_to_var = tk.StringVar()
# 收件人输入框
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.simple_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 正文
ttk.Label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.simple_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=15)
self.simple_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_simple_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
def create_html_email_tab(self):
"""创建HTML邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="HTML邮件")
# 收件人
ttk.Label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.html_to_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.html_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# HTML正文
ttk.Label(tab, text="HTML正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.html_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=15)
self.html_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_html_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
def create_attachment_email_tab(self):
"""创建带附件邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="带附件邮件")
# 收件人
ttk.Label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_to_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 正文
ttk.Label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=10)
self.attach_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 附件列表
ttk.Label(tab, text="附件:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.attach_files_listbox = tk.Listbox(tab, width=50, height=5)
self.attach_files_listbox.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# 附件按钮
attach_buttons_frame = ttk.Frame(tab)
attach_buttons_frame.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.N, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Button(attach_buttons_frame, text="添加", command=self.add_attachment).pack(fill=tk.X, pady=2)
ttk.Button(attach_buttons_frame, text="删除", command=self.remove_attachment).pack(fill=tk.X, pady=2)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_attachment_email).grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(3, weight=1)
def create_bulk_email_tab(self):
"""创建批量发送邮件标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="批量发送")
# CSV文件
ttk.Label(tab, text="CSV文件:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bulk_csv_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_csv_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Button(tab, text="浏览...", command=self.browse_csv).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
# 主题模板
ttk.Label(tab, text="主题模板:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bulk_subject_var = tk.StringVar()
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 正文模板
ttk.Label(tab, text="正文模板:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bulk_body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(tab, width=50, height=15)
self.bulk_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S, padx=5, pady=5)
# HTML格式
self.bulk_html_var = tk.BooleanVar()
ttk.Checkbutton(tab, text="HTML格式", variable=self.bulk_html_var).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
# 发送按钮
ttk.Button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_bulk_emails).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
def create_config_tab(self):
"""创建配置标签页"""
tab = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
self.notebook.add(tab, text="配置")
# 服务器
ttk.Label(tab, text="SMTP服务器:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.server_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['server'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.server_var, width=30).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 端口
ttk.Label(tab, text="端口:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.port_var = tk.IntVar(value=self.mail_config['port'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.port_var, width=10).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
# 使用TLS
self.use_tls_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=self.mail_config['use_tls'])
ttk.Checkbutton(tab, text="使用TLS", variable=self.use_tls_var).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
# 用户名
ttk.Label(tab, text="用户名:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.username_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['username'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.username_var, width=30).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 密码
ttk.Label(tab, text="授权密码:").grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.password_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['password'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.password_var, width=30, show="*").grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 默认发件人
ttk.Label(tab, text="默认发件人:").grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.sender_var = tk.StringVar(value=self.mail_config['default_sender'])
ttk.Entry(tab, textvariable=self.sender_var, width=30).grid(row=5, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, padx=5, pady=5)
# 按钮框架
button_frame = ttk.Frame(tab)
button_frame.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=tk.E, padx=5, pady=10)
# 测试连接按钮
ttk.Button(button_frame, text="测试连接", command=self.test_connection).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5)
# 保存按钮
ttk.Button(button_frame, text="保存配置", command=self.save_config).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 设置权重
tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
def add_attachment(self):
"""添加附件"""
files = filedialog.askopenfilenames(title="选择附件")
for file in files:
self.attach_files_listbox.insert(tk.END, file)
def remove_attachment(self):
"""删除选中的附件"""
selected = self.attach_files_listbox.curselection()
if selected:
for index in reversed(selected):
self.attach_files_listbox.delete(index)
def browse_csv(self):
"""浏览CSV文件"""
file = filedialog.askopenfilename(title="选择CSV文件", filetypes=[("CSV文件", "*.csv")])
if file:
self.bulk_csv_var.set(file)
def test_connection(self):
"""测试SMTP连接"""
try:
import smtplib
import socket
self.status_var.set("正在测试SMTP连接...")
self.update_idletasks()
server = self.server_var.get()
port = self.port_var.get()
use_tls = self.use_tls_var.get()
username = self.username_var.get()
password = self.password_var.get()
# 设置超时时间
socket.setdefaulttimeout(10)
# 连接到SMTP服务器
if port == 465:
# 使用SSL
smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(server, port, timeout=10)
else:
# 普通连接
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(server, port, timeout=10)
# 如果使用TLS
if use_tls:
smtp.starttls()
# 登录
smtp.login(username, password)
# 关闭连接
smtp.quit()
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "SMTP连接测试成功!")
self.status_var.set("SMTP连接测试成功")
except socket.timeout:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "连接超时,请检查服务器地址和端口")
self.status_var.set("SMTP连接超时")
except smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "认证失败,请检查用户名和密码")
self.status_var.set("SMTP认证失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
def send_simple_email(self):
"""发送简单邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
# 获取收件人
to_addr = self.simple_to_var.get()
# 获取主题
subject = self.simple_subject_var.get()
# 获取正文
body = self.simple_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
# 如果收件人、主题和正文为空,则提示错误
if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
return
self.status_var.set("正在发送邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body):
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "邮件发送成功!")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送成功")
else:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
def send_html_email(self):
"""发送HTML邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
to_addr = self.html_to_var.get()
subject = self.html_subject_var.get()
body = self.html_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
return
self.status_var.set("正在发送HTML邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, html=True):
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "HTML邮件发送成功!")
self.status_var.set("HTML邮件发送成功")
else:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
def send_attachment_email(self):
"""发送带附件的邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
to_addr = self.attach_to_var.get()
subject = self.attach_subject_var.get()
body = self.attach_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
return
attachments = list(self.attach_files_listbox.get(0, tk.END))
self.status_var.set("正在发送带附件的邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments):
messagebox.showinfo("成功", "带附件的邮件发送成功!")
self.status_var.set("带附件的邮件发送成功")
else:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
def send_bulk_emails(self):
"""批量发送邮件"""
try:
# 使用当前配置创建EmailSender实例
sender = self.create_email_sender()
# 获取批量发送邮件的配置
csv_file = self.bulk_csv_var.get()
# 获取主题模板
subject_template = self.bulk_subject_var.get()
# 获取正文模板
body_template = self.bulk_body_text.get(1.0, tk.END)
# 获取是否为HTML格式
html = self.bulk_html_var.get()
# 如果CSV文件、主题模板和正文模板为空,则提示错误
if not csv_file or not subject_template or not body_template.strip():
messagebox.showerror("错误", "CSV文件、主题模板和正文模板不能为空")
return
# 如果CSV文件不存在,则提示错误
if not os.path.isfile(csv_file):
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"文件不存在: {csv_file}")
return
# 读取CSV文件
recipients = []
with open(csv_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
reader = csv.DictReader(f)
for row in reader:
recipients.append(row)
# 如果CSV文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
if not recipients:
messagebox.showerror("错误", "CSV文件为空或格式不正确。")
return
# 如果CSV文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
self.status_var.set("正在批量发送邮件...")
self.update_idletasks()
# 批量发送邮件
success_count = sender.send_bulk_emails(recipients, subject_template, body_template, html=html)
messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"批量发送完成,成功发送 {success_count}/{len(recipients)} 封邮件。")
self.status_var.set(f"批量发送完成,成功: {success_count}/{len(recipients)}")
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
self.status_var.set(f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
def create_email_sender(self):
"""创建临时配置对象"""
# 创建一个临时的配置对象
class TempConfig:
def __init__(self, app):
self.MAIL_SERVER = app.server_var.get()
self.MAIL_PORT = app.port_var.get()
self.MAIL_USE_TLS = app.use_tls_var.get()
self.MAIL_USERNAME = app.username_var.get()
self.MAIL_PASSWORD = app.password_var.get()
self.MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = app.sender_var.get()
class CustomEmailSender():
def __init__(self, config):
self.server = config.MAIL_SERVER
self.port = config.MAIL_PORT
self.use_tls = config.MAIL_USE_TLS
self.username = config.MAIL_USERNAME
self.password = config.MAIL_PASSWORD
self.default_sender = config.MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER
# 设置日志
self._setup_logging()
def _setup_logging(self):
"""设置日志记录"""
log_dir = "logs"
# 如果日志目录不存在,则创建日志目录
if not os.path.exists(log_dir):
os.makedirs(log_dir)
# 创建日志文件
log_file = os.path.join(log_dir, f"email_sender_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}.log")
# 配置日志记录
logging.basicConfig(
# 设置日志级别
level=logging.INFO,
# 设置日志格式
format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
# 设置日志处理器
handlers=[
# 设置日志文件处理器
logging.FileHandler(log_file),
# 设置日志控制台处理器
logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
]
)
# 获取日志记录器
self.logger = logging.getLogger("EmailSender")
def send_email(self, to_addrs, subject, body, attachments=None, cc=None, bcc=None, html=False):
"""发送邮件(单个收件人)"""
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
# 转换地址格式
if isinstance(to_addrs, str):
to_addrs = [to_addrs]
# 如果抄送地址为字符串,则转换为列表
if isinstance(cc, str):
cc = [cc]
# 如果抄送地址为None,则设置为空列表
elif cc is None:
cc = []
if isinstance(bcc, str):
bcc = [bcc]
elif bcc is None:
bcc = []
# 创建邮件对象
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = self.default_sender
msg['To'] = ', '.join(to_addrs)
msg['Subject'] = subject
if cc:
msg['Cc'] = ', '.join(cc)
# 添加邮件正文
if html:
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
else:
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 添加附件
if attachments:
for file_path in attachments:
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
attachment = MIMEApplication(f.read())
attachment.add_header(
'Content-Disposition',
'attachment',
filename=os.path.basename(file_path)
)
msg.attach(attachment)
else:
self.logger.warning(f"附件不存在: {file_path}")
# 所有收件人列表(包括抄送和密送)
all_recipients = to_addrs + cc + bcc
try:
# 连接到SMTP服务器 - 修复连接问题
if self.port == 465:
# 使用SSL
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
else:
# 普通连接
server = smtplib.SMTP(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
# 如果使用TLS
if self.use_tls:
server.starttls()
# 登录
server.login(self.username, self.password)
# 发送邮件
server.sendmail(self.default_sender, all_recipients, msg.as_string())
# 关闭连接
server.quit()
self.logger.info(f"邮件已成功发送给: {', '.join(to_addrs)}")
return True
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error(f"发送邮件失败: {str(e)}")
return False
def send_bulk_emails(self, recipients_data, subject_template, body_template, attachments=None, html=False):
"""批量发送邮件"""
# 成功发送的邮件数量
success_count = 0
# 遍历收件人数据
for recipient_data in recipients_data:
# 获取收件人邮箱地址
to_addr = recipient_data.get('email')
# 如果收件人邮箱地址为空,则跳过此条记录
if not to_addr:
self.logger.warning("缺少收件人邮箱地址,跳过此条记录")
continue
# 替换模板变量
subject = subject_template
body = body_template
# 遍历收件人数据
for key, value in recipient_data.items():
# 如果key不是邮箱地址,则替换模板变量
if key != 'email':
placeholder = f"{{{key}}}"
subject = subject.replace(placeholder, str(value))
body = body.replace(placeholder, str(value))
# 发送邮件
if self.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments, html=html):
success_count += 1
# 返回成功发送的邮件数量
return success_count
# 创建并返回自定义CustomEmailSender实例
config = TempConfig(self)
return CustomEmailSender(config)
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 创建EmailSenderApp实例
app = EmailSenderApp()
# 启动主循环
app.mainloop()
7.效果图

总结
通过本教程,我们学习了如何使用Python的smtplib库开发一个功能完整的邮件自动发送工具。主要涵盖了以下知识点:
- SMTP协议基础知识
- 使用
smtplib连接邮件服务器 - 创建和发送不同类型的邮件(文本、HTML、附件)
- 批量发送个性化邮件
- 异常处理和日志记录
- 从配置文件加载设置
这个邮件发送工具可以应用于多种场景,如系统通知、营销邮件、报表自动发送等。通过进一步扩展,还可以实现更复杂的功能,满足不同的业务需求。
以上就是Python使用smtplib库开发一个邮件自动发送工具的详细内容,更多关于Python smtplib邮件自动发送的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章!
