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Python实现常见网络通信的示例详解

作者:ak啊

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Python实现常见网络通信的相关方法,文中的示例代码讲解详细,感兴趣的小伙伴就跟随小编一起学习一下吧

一、HTTP/HTTPS 通信

1. 客户端示例(requests 库)

import requests

# HTTP GET
response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.text)

# HTTPS POST
response = requests.post(
    'https://httpbin.org/post',
    data={'key': 'value'},
    verify=True  # 验证 SSL 证书(默认)
)
print(response.json())

2. 服务端示例(Flask)

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/api', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def handle_request():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return {'message': 'GET received'}
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        return {'data': request.json}

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(ssl_context='adhoc')  # 启用 HTTPS

二、UDP 通信

1. 服务端

import socket

server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server.bind(('0.0.0.0', 9999))

while True:
    data, addr = server.recvfrom(1024)
    print(f"Received from {addr}: {data.decode()}")
    server.sendto(b'UDP response', addr)

2. 客户端

import socket

client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
client.sendto(b'Hello UDP', ('localhost', 9999))
response, addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
print(f"Received: {response.decode()}")

三、WebSocket 通信

需要安装库:pip install websockets

1. 服务端

import asyncio
import websockets

async def handler(websocket):
    async for message in websocket:
        print(f"Received: {message}")
        await websocket.send(f"Echo: {message}")

async def main():
    async with websockets.serve(handler, "localhost", 8765):
        await asyncio.Future()  # 永久运行

asyncio.run(main())

2. 客户端

import asyncio
import websockets

async def client():
    async with websockets.connect("ws://localhost:8765") as ws:
        await ws.send("Hello WebSocket!")
        response = await ws.recv()
        print(f"Received: {response}")

asyncio.run(client())

四、Server-Sent Events (SSE)

需要安装库:pip install sseclient-py

1. 服务端(Flask 实现)

from flask import Flask, Response

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/stream')
def stream():
    def event_stream():
        for i in range(5):
            yield f"data: Message {i}\n\n"
    return Response(event_stream(), mimetype="text/event-stream")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

2. 客户端

import requests
from sseclient import SSEClient

url = 'http://localhost:5000/stream'
response = requests.get(url, stream=True)
client = SSEClient(response)

for event in client.events():
    print(f"Received event: {event.data}")

关键点说明

根据具体需求选择协议:

建议根据实际场景配合使用异步框架(如 aiohttp、FastAPI)以获得更好的性能。

到此这篇关于Python实现常见网络通信的示例详解的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python网络通信内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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