Ubuntu安装配置MySQL、Python、Nginx的详细过程

sudo systemctl status mysql

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since ...

Unit mysql.service could not be found.

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

sudo service mysql start

# 检查 MySQL 服务状态
sudo service mysql status

# 或者通过 netstat 查看 MySQL 监听端口
sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql

# 使用 root 用户连接 MySQL 数据库
mysql -u root -p

# 如果没有设置密码，直接回车进入

USE mysql;

# 查询用户信息
SELECT host, user, plugin, authentication_string FROM user;

# 修改 root 用户的密码，并设置认证方式为 mysql_native_password
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '你的新密码';

# 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 将 host 从 localhost 修改为 %，允许通过 Navicat 等工具远程连接
UPDATE mysql.user SET host='%' WHERE user='root';

# 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 编辑 MySQL 配置文件
sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

# 注释或修改以下配置项：
# bind-address = 127.0.0.1
# mysqlx-bind-address = 127.0.0.1

# 重启 MySQL 服务以应用配置更改
sudo systemctl restart mysql

# 检查 MySQL 是否监听了 0.0.0.0:3306
sudo netstat -ntlp | grep mysql

# 检查防火墙状态
sudo ufw status

# 如果需要开放 3306 端口
sudo ufw allow 3306

python3 --version

python --version

sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3 python3-pip

python3 --version
pip3 --version

nginx -v

sudo systemctl status nginx

nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-10-07 12:00:00 UTC; 1h 30min ago

nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

sudo apt update

sudo apt install nginx

sudo systemctl start nginx

sudo systemctl enable nginx

sudo systemctl status nginx

# 默认为80端口,若为其他端口,则开放相应端口
# 例: 开放8000端口 
sudo ufw allow 8000/tcp

# 在server{}节点修改
vim /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

server {
	listen 8000 ssl;
   	server_name ceshi.mrccoss.com;
 
 	# 证书配置
   	ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/ceshi.mrccoss.com_cert_chain.pem;
   	ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/ceshi.mrccoss.com_key.key;
 
   	ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
   	ssl_session_timeout  10m;
   	ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
   	ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
 
   	location / {
       	proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8001; # 转发的地址，即Gunicorn运行的地址
       	proxy_redirect off;
   		proxy_set_header Host $host;
       	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
       	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
       	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
	    client_max_body_size 100M; # 客户端请求体大小限制
	    
	    # 允许http://example.com跨域访问
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';   
        # 允许的HTTP方法
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS';   
        # 允许的自定义请求头
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Content-Type, Authorization, X-Requested-With';   
        # 允许携带Cookie(如果需要)
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';   
    }
	location /static { 
   		alias /usr/file/images/;
   		expires 30d; 
		client_max_body_size 100M; # 客户端请求体大小限制
    }
}

nginx -t

service nginx reload