python

关注公众号 jb51net

关闭
首页 > 脚本专栏 > python > Python发送POST示例

Python请求库发送HTTP POST请求的示例代码

投稿:yin

这段代码使用了Python的requests库来发送HTTP POST请求,向本地服务器的API发送数据,并处理响应,一步步解释这个代码

这段代码使用了Python的requests库来发送HTTP POST请求,向本地服务器的API发送数据,并处理响应。接下来我会一步步解释这个代码,并用中文回答。 

import requests 
import json 

url = "http://localhost:11434/api/generate"

headers = {
    "Content-Type": "application/json"
}

data = {
    "model": "qwen2:0.5b",
    "prompt": "Why is the sky black? Answer in Chinese.",
    "stream": False
}

response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))
print(response.text)

if response.status_code == 200:
    response_text = response.text
    data = json.loads(response_text)
    actual_response = data["response"]
    print(actual_response)
else:
    print("error:", response.status_code, response.text)

{
    "model": "qwen2:0.5b",
    "created_at": "2024-08-22T06:20:16.768091631Z",
    "response": "天空为什么是黑色的?因为光线穿过大气层时,会受到不同的散射现象影响。具体来说,大气分子(如氮气、氧气等)和水蒸气阻止了阳光中的大部分波长光线,导致太阳光中只有红、橙、黄、绿、蓝五颜六色的光线被散射;而蓝色、紫色光线则被吸收并反射回去。结果就是天空呈现出黑色。",
    "done": true,
    "done_reason": "stop",
    "context": [
        151644,872,198,10234,374,279,12884,3691,30,21806,304,8453,13,151645,198,151644,77091,198,101916,100678,20412,104723,9370,11319,99519,109587,109239,105797,99371,13343,3837,36993,100683,101970,99632,99759,102060,99564,1773,100398,99883,3837,105797,102388,9909,29524,109958,99180,5373,115893,49567,7552,33108,52510,101494,99180,107345,34187,104166,101047,101212,99804,45861,109587,3837,100673,101281,99225,15946,101043,99425,5373,107678,5373,99789,5373,99679,5373,100400,75108,100847,99566,38035,9370,109587,99250,99632,99759,24968,68536,105681,5373,111413,109587,46448,99250,104460,62926,111192,104748,1773,59151,99486,101916,107433,104723,1773
    ],
    "total_duration": 3086970885,
    "load_duration": 48652771,
    "prompt_eval_count": 18,
    "prompt_eval_duration": 53432000,
    "eval_count": 90,
    "eval_duration": 2943180000
}

导入库:

import requests 
import json

代码首先导入了requests库用于发送HTTP请求,以及json库用于处理JSON数据。

定义URL和请求头:

url = "http://localhost:11434/api/generate"

headers = {
    "Content-Type": "application/json"
}

这里定义了请求的目标URL,即本地服务器上运行的API接口http://localhost:11434/api/generate。同时,定义了请求头,指定Content-Typeapplication/json,表示请求体中传递的数据格式为JSON。

创建请求体数据:

data = {
    "model": "qwen2:0.5b",
    "prompt": "Why is the sky black? Answer in Chinese.",
    "stream": False
}

data字典包含三个键值对:

发送POST请求并获取响应:

response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))
print(response.text)

使用requests.post()方法发送POST请求,传递目标URL、请求头和请求体数据。然后打印服务器的响应内容。

处理响应:

if response.status_code == 200:
    response_text = response.text
    data = json.loads(response_text)
    actual_response = data["response"]
    print(actual_response)
else:
    print("error:", response.status_code, response.text)

首先检查响应的状态码是否为200(表示请求成功)。如果成功,解析响应文本为JSON格式,并提取实际的回答内容。否则,打印错误信息。

示例输出:

如果服务器正常运行并能处理请求,输出可能会是:

{
    "response": "因为天空在没有太阳的情况下没有被光线照亮,所以看起来是黑色的。"
}

程序会提取并打印 "因为天空在没有太阳的情况下没有被光线照亮,所以看起来是黑色的。"

您可能感兴趣的文章:
阅读全文