详解如何将Python可执行文件(.exe)反编译为Python脚本

# student.py
class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, age, gender):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.gender = gender

    def get_name(self):
        return self.name

    def get_age(self):
        return self.age

    def get_gender(self):
        return self.gender

    def set_name(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def set_age(self, age):
        self.age = age

    def set_gender(self, gender):
        self.gender = gender

    def display_info(self):
        print("Name:", self.name)
        print("Age:", self.age)
        print("Gender:", self.gender)

# main.py
import time

from student import Student

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Create a student object
    student1 = Student("Alice", 20, "Female")

    # Display student information
    student1.display_info()

    # Update student information
    student1.set_age(21)
    student1.display_info()

    time.sleep(10)

# 使用 pyinstaller 构建可执行 .exe
pyinstaller --onefile   -p venv/Lib/site-packages .\print-student\main.py

# 使用 pyi-archive_viewer 查看文件并提取
> pyi-archive_viewer .\main.exe

Options in 'main.exe' (PKG/CArchive):
 pyi-contents-directory _internal
Contents of 'main.exe' (PKG/CArchive):
 position, length, uncompressed_length, is_compressed, typecode, name
 0, 199, 269, 1, 'm', 'struct'
 199, 2008, 3700, 1, 'm', 'pyimod01_archive'
 2207, 7671, 17413, 1, 'm', 'pyimod02_importers'
 9878, 1760, 4029, 1, 'm', 'pyimod03_ctypes'
 11638, 644, 1074, 1, 'm', 'pyimod04_pywin32'
 12282, 603, 851, 1, 's', 'pyiboot01_bootstrap'
 12885, 229, 295, 1, 's', 'main'
......
 4721057, 408332, 1123832, 1, 'b', 'unicodedata.pyd'
 5129389, 702999, 702999, 0, 'z', 'PYZ-00.pyz'
?
U: go up one level
O <name>: open embedded archive with given name // 打开包查看文件
X <name>: extract file with given name // 提取文件
S: list the contents of current archive again
Q: quit
? x main        
Output filename? main.pyc
? o PYZ-00.pyz
Contents of 'PYZ-00.pyz' (PYZ):
 is_package, position, length, name
 0, 17, 2647, '_compat_pickle'
......
 0, 543553, 531, 'student'
 0, 544084, 19733, 'subprocess'
 0, 563817, 27425, 'tarfile'
 0, 591242, 5936, 'textwrap'
 0, 597178, 15612, 'threading'
 0, 612790, 1398, 'token'
 0, 614188, 8969, 'tokenize'
 0, 623157, 6659, 'tracemalloc'
 0, 629816, 27711, 'typing'
 1, 657527, 70, 'urllib'
 0, 657597, 13861, 'urllib.parse'
 0, 671458, 2188, 'uu'
 0, 673646, 26812, 'zipfile'
? x student
Output filename? student.pyc
? ls
U: go up one level
O <name>: open embedded archive with given name
X <name>: extract file with given name
S: list the contents of current archive again
Q: quit
? q

\print-student> Python pyinstxtractor.py .\main.exe                                            
DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation for alternative uses
  import imp
[*] Processing .\main.exe
[*] Pyinstaller version: 2.1+
[*] Python version: 309
[*] Length of package: 5835756 bytes
[*] Found 59 files in CArchive
[*] Beginning extraction...please standby
[*] Found 81 files in PYZ archive
[*] Successfully extracted pyinstaller archive: .\main.exe

You can now use a python decompiler on the pyc files within the extracted directory

# 读取从pyz目录抽取的pyc文件的前4个字节作基准
pyz_dir = "./main.exe_extracted/PYZ-00.pyz_extracted"
for pyc_file in os.listdir(pyz_dir):
    if pyc_file.endswith(".pyc"):
        file = f"{pyz_dir}/{pyc_file}"
        break
with open(file, "rb") as f:
    head = f.read(4)

# 补全入口类文件
if os.path.exists("pycfile_tmp"):
    shutil.rmtree("pycfile_tmp")
os.mkdir("pycfile_tmp")
main_file_result = "pycfile_tmp/main.pyc"
with open("./main.exe_extracted/main.pyc", "rb") as read, open(main_file_result, "wb") as write:
    write.write(head)
    write.write(b"\0" * 12)
    write.write(read.read())

# 补全非入口类文件
pyz_dir = "main.exe_extracted/PYZ-00.pyz_extracted"
for pyc_file in os.listdir(pyz_dir):
    pyc_file_src = f"{pyz_dir}/{pyc_file}"
    pyc_file_dest = f"pycfile_tmp/{pyc_file}"
    print(pyc_file_src, pyc_file_dest)
    with open(pyc_file_src, "rb") as read, open(pyc_file_dest, "wb") as write:
        write.write(read.read(12))
        write.write(b"\0"*4)
        write.write(read.read())

pip install uncompyle6
uncompyle6 xxx.pyc>xxx.py

如：uncompyle6 .\pycfile_tmp\main.pyc
# uncompyle6 version 3.9.0
# Python bytecode version base 3.9.0 (3425)
# Decompiled from: Python 3.9.13 (tags/v3.9.13:6de2ca5, May 17 2022, 16:36:42) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)]
# Embedded file name: main.py

Unsupported Python version, 3.9.0, for decompilation


# Unsupported bytecode in file .\pycfile_tmp\main.pyc
# Unsupported Python version, 3.9.0, for decompilation

>Python .\pyinstxtractor.py .\main.exe

[*] Processing .\main.exe
[*] Pyinstaller version: 2.1+
[*] Python version: 312
[*] Length of package: 7675728 bytes
[*] Found 60 files in CArchive
[*] Beginning extraction...please standby
[!] Warning: The script is running in a different python version than the one used to build the executable
    Run this script in Python312 to prevent extraction errors(if any) during unmarshalling
[!] Unmarshalling FAILED. Cannot extract PYZ-00.pyz. Extracting remaining files.
[*] Successfully extracted pyinstaller archive: .\main.exe

You can now use a python decompiler on the pyc files within the extracted directory

# 查看解压后的文件
\print-student\main.exe_extracted\PYZ-00.pyz_extracted> ls
\print-student\main.exe_extracted\PYZ-00.pyz_extracted>

 pyinstaller --onefile   -p venv/Lib/site-packages .\print-student\main.py --key '1234'