Python实现批量备份交换机配置+自动巡检
作者：mYlEaVeiSmVp
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Python实现批量备份交换机配置+自动巡检的相关知识,文中的示例代码讲解详细,感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起学习一下
自动巡检功能考虑到不同设备回显有所不同，需要大量正则匹配，暂时没时间搞这些，所以索性将命令回显全部显示，没做进一步的回显提取。
以下是程序运行示例：
#自动备份配置：
备份完成后，将配置保存于程序目录下的conf_bak文件夹下，如图所示：
#自动巡检交换机设备：
使用前需创建excel文档，写入设备登录信息，格式如下：
本人编码能力一般，勿喷，源码：
# coding=utf-8
from netmiko import ConnectHandler
from openpyxl import load_workbook
import os
from sys import exit
from netmiko import exceptions
import re
# 读取excel内设备列表信息
def check_and_get_dev_list(filename, sheet_name):
excel_information = []
sheet_header = []
wb = load_workbook(filename)
sh = wb[sheet_name]
# 获取最大行数
row = sh.max_row
# 获取最大列数
column = sh.max_column
data = []
# 获取表头写入列表中方便调用
for data_1 in range(1, column+1):
get_sheet_header = sh.cell(row=1, column=data_1).value
sheet_header.append(get_sheet_header)
# 第一行为表头， 此处 row +1 是pyton循环时不读取最后一个数
for row_1 in range(2, row + 1):
# 存储一行信息
sheet_data_1 = dict()
# 逐行读取表中的数据
for b in range(1, column + 1):
cell = sh.cell(row=row_1, column=b).value
# 将数据已字典形式写入 sheet_data_1 中
# if cell != None:
sheet_data_1[sheet_header[b-1]] = cell
excel_information.append(sheet_data_1)
for i in excel_information:
if i['ip'] != None:
data.append(i)
return data
#获取excel数据并整合成dev字典
def get_dev():
res = check_and_get_dev_list('./resource.xlsx', 'Sheet1')
devices = []
for i in res:
if i['protocol'] == 'telnet':
i['type'] = i['type']+'_telnet'
dev = {'device_type':i['type'],
'host': i['ip'],
'username': i['username'],
'password': i['password'],
'secret': i['enpassword'],
'port': i['port'],}
devices.append(dev)
return devices
# 配置批量备份导出
def devices_confbak(devices=''):
# 创建备份文件夹
try:
path = './conf_bak'
os.makedirs(path)
except FileExistsError:
pass
# 存储连接失败的IP
failed_ips = []
# 循环登录设备获取配置
for dev in devices:
try:
with ConnectHandler(**dev) as conn:
print('\n----------成功登录到：' + dev['host'] + '----------')
conn.enable()
if 'cisco_ios' in dev['device_type']:
output = conn.send_command(command_string='show run')
elif 'huawei' or 'hp_comware' in dev['device_type']:
output = conn.send_command(command_string='dis current-configuration')
else:
print('error')
with open('./conf_bak/'+ dev['host'] +'_conf_bak.txt', mode='w', encoding='utf8') as f:
print('正在备份:'+dev['host'])
# 文件读写异常处理
try:
f.write(output)
except PermissionError:
print('*****-无写入权限，请将文件夹赋予读写权限-*****')
continue
else:
print('备份成功！')
# 连接异常处理
except exceptions.NetmikoAuthenticationException:
print('\n**********'+dev['host']+'：登录验证失败！**********')
failed_ips.append(dev['host'])
continue
except exceptions.NetmikoTimeoutException:
print('\n**********'+dev['host']+'：目标不可达！**********')
failed_ips.append(dev['host'])
continue
except exceptions.ReadTimeout:
print('\n**********'+dev['host']+'：读取超时，请检查enable密码是否正确！**********')
failed_ips.append(dev['host'])
continue
if len(failed_ips) > 0:
print('\n以下设备连接失败,请检查：')
for x in failed_ips:
print(x)
return 1
# 配置巡检
def devices_autocheck(devices='', cmd=''):
# 存储命令执行回显
results = []
try:
for x in range(len(devices)):
# 循环登录设备
with ConnectHandler(**devices[x]) as conn:
conn.enable()
print('正在巡检：'+devices[x]['host']+' ...')
result = [devices[x]['host'],devices[x]['device_type']]
for i in range(len(cmd)):
# 循环执行命令，根据不同设备执行不同命令
if 'cisco_ios' in devices[x]['device_type']:
output = conn.send_command(command_string=str(cmd[i]['cisco']))
elif 'huawei' or 'hp_comware' in devices[x]['device_type']:
conn.send_command(command_string='sys',expect_string=']')
output = conn.send_command(command_string=str(cmd[i]['huawei']))
result.append(output)
results.append(result)
except exceptions.NetmikoAuthenticationException:
print('\n**********'+devices[x]['host']+'：登录验证失败！**********')
except exceptions.NetmikoTimeoutException:
print('\n**********' + devices[x]['host'] + '：目标不可达！**********')
except exceptions.ReadTimeout:
print('\n**********' + devices[x]['host'] + '：读取超时，请检查enable密码是否正确！**********')
return results
# 计算内存使用率
def get_mem(memstr,devtype=''):
if 'cisco' in devtype:
total_match = re.search(r'Processor Pool Total:\s+(\d+)', memstr)
used_match = re.search(r'Used:\s+(\d+)', memstr)
# 提取总数和已用数，并将其转换为整数
total = int(total_match.group(1))
used = int(used_match.group(1))
# 计算使用百分比
percentage = used / total * 100
return f"{percentage:.0f}%"
elif 'huawei' in devtype:
match = re.search(r"Memory Using Percentage Is:\s*(\d+)%", memstr)
if match:
memory_percentage = match.group(1)
return memory_percentage+'%'
else:
return "No match found."
# 获取CPU利用率
def get_cpu(cpustr,devtype=''):
if 'cisco' in devtype:
pattern = r"CPU utilization for five seconds: (\d+)%"
match = re.search(pattern, cpustr)
if match:
cpu_utilization = match.group(1)
return cpu_utilization+'%'
else:
return "No match found."
elif 'huawei' in devtype:
match = re.search(r"\b(\d+(\.\d+)?)%.*?\bMax", cpustr)
if match:
cpu_utilization = match.group(1)
return cpu_utilization+'%'
else:
return "No match found."
# 运行主程序
if __name__ == '__main__':
while True:
print("\n##############################################\n")
print("1：批量备份交换机配置")
print("2：批量巡检交换机设备")
print("0：退出")
option = str(input("请输入需要的操作编号："))
if option == '1':
dev = get_dev()
devices_confbak(devices=dev)
continue
elif option == '2':
# 定义巡检命令
# cmds[x]['cisco']
# cmds[x]['huawei']
cmds = [
{'cisco':'show clock','huawei':'display clock'}, #检查时钟
{'cisco':'show env power','huawei':'display power'}, #检查电源
{'cisco':'show env fan','huawei':'display fan'}, #检查风扇
{'cisco':'show env temperature status', 'huawei': 'display environment'},#检查温度
{'cisco':'show processes cpu', 'huawei': 'display cpu-usage'}, #检查CPU利用率
{'cisco':'show processes memory', 'huawei': 'display memory-usage'}, #检查内存利用率
]
dev = get_dev()
checkres = devices_autocheck(dev,cmds)
for res in checkres:
# print(res)
print('\n+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++')
print(res[0]+'-巡检结果：')
print('\n时钟：\n'+res[2])
print('电源：\n'+res[3])
print('风扇：\n'+res[4])
if 'Unrecognized command' in res[5]:
print('温度：\n该设备不支持获取此数据！')
else:print('温度：\n'+res[5])
print('CPU利用率：\n' + get_cpu(res[6],res[1]))
print('内存利用率：\n' + get_mem(res[7],res[1]))
print('\n+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++')
continue
elif option == '0':
break
else:
print("请输入正确的编号！")到此这篇关于Python实现批量备份交换机配置+自动巡检的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python备份交换机和自动巡检内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！