Python生成xml文件方法示例
作者：小小平不平凡
Python标准库xml.etree.ElementTree提供了一些生成XML的工具,可以用于创建和操作XML文档,本文就来介绍以下如何生成生成xml文件,感兴趣的可以了解一下
一、背景介绍
由于工作中有个需求是需要生成一个jmeter脚本，而jmeter脚本其实就是一个xml文件。因此我只需要掌握如何生存一个xml文件即可
二、基本介绍
- ElementTree：表示整个XML文件
- Element：表示树中的一个元素，每个元素都有对应的标签tag
- text：获取标签内容
- attrib：获取标签的属性和属性值，是json结构
- Element.get()：访问标签的属性值
- Element.set():添加和修改标签的属性和属性值
- Element.append()：添加孩子节点
- Element.remove()：删除元素
- Element.find() ：根据标签或路径查找出第一个匹配的元素
- Element.findall()：根据标签或路径查找出所有匹配的子元素
三、示例代码
1、首先提供一个最基本的jmeter脚本模版文件。通过对该模版文件进行修改获得符合要求的jmeter压测脚本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.4.1">
<hashTree>
<TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="template" enabled="true">
<stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
<boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
<elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
</TestPlan>
<hashTree>
<ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="Thread Group" enabled="true">
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
<elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="Loop Controller" enabled="true">
<boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp>
<intProp name="LoopController.loops">-1</intProp>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">1</stringProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time"></stringProp>
<boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">true</boolProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration">1</stringProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay"></stringProp>
<boolProp name="ThreadGroup.same_user_on_next_iteration">false</boolProp>
</ThreadGroup>
<hashTree>
<CSVDataSet guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="CSVDataSet" testname="CSV 数据文件设置" enabled="true">
<stringProp name="delimiter">\t</stringProp>
<stringProp name="fileEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp>
<stringProp name="filename">press.txt</stringProp>
<boolProp name="ignoreFirstLine">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="quotedData">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="recycle">false</boolProp>
<stringProp name="shareMode">shareMode.all</stringProp>
<boolProp name="stopThread">true</boolProp>
<stringProp name="variableNames">uri,header,body</stringProp>
</CSVDataSet>
<hashTree/>
<Arguments guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
<elementProp name="ip" elementType="Argument">
<stringProp name="Argument.name">ip</stringProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.value"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
</elementProp>
<elementProp name="port" elementType="Argument">
<stringProp name="Argument.name">port</stringProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.value"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
</elementProp>
</collectionProp>
</Arguments>
<hashTree/>
<HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP信息头管理器" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers"/>
</HeaderManager>
<hashTree/>
<HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="HTTP GET 请求" enabled="true">
<elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">${ip}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">${port}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">utf-8</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">${uri}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">GET</stringProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
</HTTPSamplerProxy>
<hashTree/>
<HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="HTTP POST 请求" enabled="true">
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
<elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
<collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
<elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
<boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.value">${body}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
</elementProp>
</collectionProp>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">${ip}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">${port}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">utf-8</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">${uri}</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
</HTTPSamplerProxy>
<hashTree/>
<ResultCollector guiclass="ViewResultsFullVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="察看结果树" enabled="true">
<boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">true</boolProp>
<objProp>
<name>saveConfig</name>
<value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
<time>true</time>
<latency>true</latency>
<timestamp>true</timestamp>
<success>true</success>
<label>true</label>
<code>true</code>
<message>true</message>
<threadName>true</threadName>
<dataType>true</dataType>
<encoding>false</encoding>
<assertions>true</assertions>
<subresults>true</subresults>
<responseData>false</responseData>
<samplerData>false</samplerData>
<xml>false</xml>
<fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
<responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
<requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
<responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
<saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
<assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
<bytes>true</bytes>
<sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
<url>true</url>
<threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
<idleTime>true</idleTime>
<connectTime>true</connectTime>
</value>
</objProp>
<stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
</ResultCollector>
<hashTree/>
<ResultCollector guiclass="StatVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="聚合报告" enabled="true">
<boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
<objProp>
<name>saveConfig</name>
<value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
<time>true</time>
<latency>true</latency>
<timestamp>true</timestamp>
<success>true</success>
<label>true</label>
<code>true</code>
<message>true</message>
<threadName>true</threadName>
<dataType>true</dataType>
<encoding>false</encoding>
<assertions>true</assertions>
<subresults>true</subresults>
<responseData>false</responseData>
<samplerData>false</samplerData>
<xml>false</xml>
<fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
<responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
<requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
<responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
<saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
<assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
<bytes>true</bytes>
<sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
<url>true</url>
<threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
<idleTime>true</idleTime>
<connectTime>true</connectTime>
</value>
</objProp>
<stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
</ResultCollector>
<hashTree/>
</hashTree>
</hashTree>
</hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>2、修改xml文件的python代码
tree = ET.parse(template_path)
root = tree.getroot()
for child in root.find('hashTree'):
print("curr child tag", child.tag)
if child.tag == "hashTree":
hashTreeElement = child.find('hashTree')
csvDataSetElement = hashTreeElement[0]
csvDataSetElement[2].text = pressdata_file_path
collectionProp = hashTreeElement[2][0]
collectionProp[0][1].text = ip
collectionProp[1][1].text = port
collectionProp_of_header = hashTreeElement[4][0]
for key in header.keys():
new_elementProp = ET.Element('elementProp')
new_elementProp.attrib = {"name":"", "elementType":"Header"}
new_stringProp_name = ET.Element('stringProp')
new_stringProp_name.text = key
new_stringProp_name.attrib = {"name":"Header.name"}
new_stringProp_value = ET.Element('stringProp')
new_stringProp_value.text = header[key]
new_stringProp_value.attrib = {"name":"Header.value"}
new_elementProp.append(new_stringProp_name)
new_elementProp.append(new_stringProp_value)
collectionProp_of_header.append(new_elementProp)
if method == "get":
hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[8])
hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[8])
elif method == "post":
hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[6])
hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[6])
if child.tag == "TestPlan":
child.set("testname", name)代码解析：
- 导入包 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
- 使用解析器解析根元素
# 加载XML树 tree = ET.parse(template_file_path) root = tree.getroot()
- 根据标签名或路径找到第一个匹配的元素
root.find('hashTree') - 通过索引解析元素并赋值
csvDataSetElement[2].text = pressdata_file_path
- 修改标签的属性值
child.set("testname", name) - 添加新节点元素
new_elementProp.append(new_stringProp_value)
- 删除某一个标签
hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[8])
- 创建一个新的元素
new_stringProp_value = ET.Element('stringProp')
到此这篇关于Python生成xml文件方法示例的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python生成xml内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！