Python中Pytest测试框架的fixture使用详解

def fixture(
    fixture_function: Optional[_FixtureFunction] = None,
    *,
    scope: "Union[_Scope, Callable[[str, Config], _Scope]]" = "function",
    params: Optional[Iterable[object]] = None,
    autouse: bool = False,
    ids: Optional[
        Union[
            Iterable[Union[None, str, float, int, bool]],
            Callable[[Any], Optional[object]],
        ]
    ] = None,
    name: Optional[str] = None,
) -> Union[FixtureFunctionMarker, _FixtureFunction]:
    """Decorator to mark a fixture factory function.
    This decorator can be used, with or without parameters, to define a
    fixture function.
    The name of the fixture function can later be referenced to cause its
    invocation ahead of running tests: test modules or classes can use the
    ``pytest.mark.usefixtures(fixturename)`` marker.
    Test functions can directly use fixture names as input arguments in which
    case the fixture instance returned from the fixture function will be
    injected.
    Fixtures can provide their values to test functions using ``return`` or
    ``yield`` statements. When using ``yield`` the code block after the
    ``yield`` statement is executed as teardown code regardless of the test
    outcome, and must yield exactly once.
    :param scope:
        The scope for which this fixture is shared; one of ``"function"``
        (default), ``"class"``, ``"module"``, ``"package"`` or ``"session"``.
        This parameter may also be a callable which receives ``(fixture_name, config)``
        as parameters, and must return a ``str`` with one of the values mentioned above.
        See :ref:`dynamic scope` in the docs for more information.
    :param params:
        An optional list of parameters which will cause multiple invocations
        of the fixture function and all of the tests using it. The current
        parameter is available in ``request.param``.
    :param autouse:
        If True, the fixture func is activated for all tests that can see it.
        If False (the default), an explicit reference is needed to activate
        the fixture.
    :param ids:
        List of string ids each corresponding to the params so that they are
        part of the test id. If no ids are provided they will be generated
        automatically from the params.
    :param name:
        The name of the fixture. This defaults to the name of the decorated
        function. If a fixture is used in the same module in which it is
        defined, the function name of the fixture will be shadowed by the
        function arg that requests the fixture; one way to resolve this is to
        name the decorated function ``fixture_<fixturename>`` and then use
        ``@pytest.fixture(name='<fixturename>')``.
    """
    fixture_marker = FixtureFunctionMarker(
        scope=scope, params=params, autouse=autouse, ids=ids, name=name,
    )
    # Direct decoration.
    if fixture_function:
        return fixture_marker(fixture_function)
    return fixture_marker

import pytest
@pytest.fixture()
def login():
    print("这个是登录方法")
def test_case1(login):
    print("test_case1，需要登录")
    pass
def test_case2():
    print("test_case2，不用登录")
    pass
def test_case3(login):
    print("test_case3，需要登录")
    pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

import pytest
//名字可以作为参数
@pytest.fixture()
def login():
    print("这个是登录方法")
    return ('tom',"123")
@pytest.fixture()
def operate():
    print("登录后的操作")
def test_case1(login,operate):
    print(login)
def test_case2():
    print("test_case2，不用登录")
def test_case3(login):
    print(login)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

import pytest
# 作用域：module是在模块之前执行，模块之后执行
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
    print("打开浏览器")
    yield
    print("执行teardown！")
    print("最后关闭浏览器")
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("open")
def test_search1():
    print("test_search1")
def test_search2(open):
    print("test_search2")
def test_search3(open):
    print("test_search3")

import pytest
#这个一定不要忘记写
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def login():
    # setup操作
    print("用户需要先完成登录操作")
    username = "hxc"
    name = "pytest书籍"
    # 相当于return，但是return不会执行后面的语句，yield是可以
    yield username,name
    # teardown操作
    print("完成登出操作")

import pytest
def test_search(login):
    username,name = login
    print(f"用户名:{username},搜索商品:{name}")
def test_cart(login):
    print("添加购物车")
def test_order():
    print("下单pytest书籍")
def test_login(login):
    print("添加购物车之前先登录")
def test_get_product(connectDB):
    print("获取商品信息先连接数据库")
@pytest.fixture()
def connectDB():
    print("连接数据库")
    yield
    print("断开数据库")

import pytest
@pytest.fixture(params=["selenium", "appium"])
def login(request):
    print(f"用户名:{request.param}")
    return request.param
def test_demo1(login):
    print(f"demo1 case 数据为: {login}")

import pytest
@pytest.fixture(params=[["selenium",123],["appium",123456]])
def login(request):
    print(f"用户名：{request.param}")
    return request.param
def test_demo1(login):
    print(f"demo1 case: 数据为： {login}")