Python多线程采集二手房源数据信息流程详解

# 导入数据请求模块 --> 第三方模块, 需要安装 pip install requests
import requests
# 导入解析数据模块 --> 第三方模块, 需要安装 pip install parsel
import parsel
# 导入csv模块
import csv

f = open('data.csv', mode='w', encoding='utf-8', newline='')
csv_writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=[
    '标题',
    '小区',
    '区域',
    '售价',
    '单价',
    '户型',
    '面积',
    '朝向',
    '装修',
    '楼层',
    '年份',
    '建筑类型',
    '详情页',
])
csv_writer.writeheader()

headers = {
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/101.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}

url = 'https://*****/ershoufang/'

response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
# <Response [200]> 响应对象 200 状态码 表示请求成功
print(response)

selector = parsel.Selector(response.text)

lis = selector.css('.sellListContent li.clear')

for li in lis:
    """
    提取具体房源信息: 标题 / 价格 / 位置 / 户型...
    .title a --> 表示定位class类名为title下面a标签
    """
    title = li.css('.title a::text').get()  # 标题
    info_list = li.css('.positionInfo a::text').getall()
    area = info_list[0]  # 小区名字
    area_1 = info_list[1]  # 地区
    totalPrice = li.css('.totalPrice span::text').get()  # 售价
    unitPrice = li.css('.unitPrice span::text').get().replace('元/平', '').replace(',', '')  # 单价
    houseInfo = li.css('.houseInfo::text').get().split(' | ')  # 信息
    houseType = houseInfo[0]  # 户型
    houseArea = houseInfo[1].replace('平米', '')  # 面积
    houseFace = houseInfo[2]  # 朝向
    fitment = houseInfo[3]  # 装修
    fool = houseInfo[4]  # 楼层
    if len(houseInfo) == 7 and '年' in houseInfo[5]:
        year = houseInfo[5].replace('年建', '')
    else:
        year = ''
    house = houseInfo[-1]  # 建筑类型
    href = li.css('.title a::attr(href)').get()  # 详情页
    dit = {
        '标题': title,
        '小区': area,
        '区域': area_1,
        '售价': totalPrice,
        '单价': unitPrice,
        '户型': houseType,
        '面积': houseArea,
        '朝向': houseFace,
        '装修': fitment,
        '楼层': fool,
        '年份': year,
        '建筑类型': house,
        '详情页': href,
    }
    csv_writer.writerow(dit)
    print(dit)
    # print(title, area, area_1, totalPrice, unitPrice, houseType, houseArea, houseFace, fitment, fool, year, house, href)

import requests
import parsel
import re
import csv
# 线程池模块
import concurrent.futures
import time

def get_response(html_url):
    """
    发送请求函数
    :param html_url:
    :return:
    """
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
    }
    response = requests.get(url=html_url, headers=headers)
    return response

def get_content(html_url):
    """
    :param html_url:
    :return:
    """
    response = get_response(html_url)
    html_data = get_response(link).text
    selector = parsel.Selector(response.text)
    select = parsel.Selector(html_data)
    lis = selector.css('.sellListContent li')
    content_list = []
    for li in lis:
        title = li.css('.title a::text').get()  # 标题
        area = '-'.join(li.css('.positionInfo a::text').getall())  # 小区
        Price = li.css('.totalPrice span::text').get()  # 总价
        Price_1 = li.css('.unitPrice span::text').get().replace('元/平', '')  # 单价
        houseInfo = li.css('.houseInfo::text').get()  # 信息
        HouseType = houseInfo.split(' | ')[0]  # 户型
        HouseArea = houseInfo.split(' | ')[1].replace('平米', '')  # 面积
        direction = houseInfo.split(' | ')[2].replace(' ', '')  # 朝向
        renovation = houseInfo.split(' | ')[3]  # 装修
        floor_info = houseInfo.split(' | ')[4]
        floor = floor_info[:3]  # 楼层
        floor_num = re.findall('(\d+)层', floor_info)[0]  # 层数
        BuildingType = houseInfo.split(' | ')[-1]
        string = select.css('.comments div:nth-child(7) .comment_text::text').get()
        href = li.css('.title a::attr(href)').get()  # 详情页
        if len(houseInfo.split(' | ')) == 6:
            date = 'None'
        else:
            date = houseInfo.split(' | ')[5].replace('年建', '')  # 日期
        print(string)
        dit = {
            '标题': title,
            '内容': string,
            '小区': area,
            '总价': Price,
            '单价': Price_1,
            '户型': HouseType,
            '面积': HouseArea,
            '朝向': direction,
            '装修': renovation,
            '楼层': floor,
            '层数': floor_num,
            '建筑日期': date,
            '建筑类型': BuildingType,
            '详情页': href,
        }
        content_list.append(dit)
    return content_list

def main(page):
    """
    :param page:
    :return:
    """
    print(f'===============正在采集第{page}页的数据内容===============')
    url = f'https:///ershoufang/yuelu/p{page}/'
    content_list = get_content(html_url=url)
    for content in content_list:
        csv_writer.writerow(content)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    time_1 = time.time()
    link = 'http://******/article/149'
    # 创建文件
    f = open('data多线程.csv', mode='a', encoding='utf-8', newline='')
    csv_writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=[
        '标题',
        '内容',
        '小区',
        '总价',
        '单价',
        '户型',
        '面积',
        '朝向',
        '装修',
        '楼层',
        '层数',
        '建筑日期',
        '建筑类型',
        '详情页',
    ])
    csv_writer.writeheader()
    # 线程池执行器 max_workers 最大线程数
    exe = concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=10)
    for page in range(1, 11):
        exe.submit(main, page)
    exe.shutdown()
    time_2 = time.time()
    use_time = int(time_2 - time_1)
    # 总计耗时: 9
    print('总计耗时:', use_time)