AJAX发送POST请求的完整图文教程
作者：hjuan___
这篇文章主要介绍了AJAX发送POST请求的相关资料,本文手把手教你设置请求体、自定义请求头,并通过浏览器实时查看结果,文中给出了详细的代码示例,需要的朋友可以参考下
一、发送POST请求
1.test.html中的内容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">点击发送请求</button>
<div id="dd"></div>
<script>
let btn = document.getElementById("btn");
let dd = document.getElementById("dd");
btn.onclick = function () {
const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", "http://127.0.0.1:8000");
xhr.send("a=100&b=200&c=300");
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
if (xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 300) {
dd.innerHTML = xhr.response; //将响应体中的内容添加到文本框dd中
}
}
};
};
</script>
</body>
</html>test.js中的内容：
const express = require("express");
const app = express();
app.get("/", (request, response) => {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.send("HELLO EXPRESS");
});
app.post("/", (request, response) => {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.send("HELLO EXPRESS");
});
app.listen(8000, () => {
console.log("服务启动,800端口监听中……");
});
2.查看浏览器的显示结果：
二、设置请求体
1.test.html中的内容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">点击发送请求</button>
<div id="dd"></div>
<script>
let btn = document.getElementById("btn");
let dd = document.getElementById("dd");
btn.onclick = function () {
const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", "http://127.0.0.1:8000");
//设置请求头 (头的名字，头的值)
xhr.setRequestHeader(
"Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
);
// 发送
xhr.send("a=100&b=200&c=300");
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
if (xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 300) {
dd.innerHTML = xhr.response;
}
}
};
};
</script>
</body>
</html>test.js中的内容：
const express = require("express");
const app = express();
app.get("/", (request, response) => {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.send("HELLO EXPRESS");
});
app.POST("/", (request, response) => {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.send("HELLO EXPRESS");
});
app.listen(8000, () => {
console.log("服务启动,800端口监听中……");
});
2.查看浏览器的显示结果：
三、设置自定义请求头
1.test.html中的内容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">点击发送请求</button>
<div id="dd"></div>
<script>
let btn = document.getElementById("btn");
let dd = document.getElementById("dd");
btn.onclick = function () {
const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", "http://127.0.0.1:8000/server");
//设置自定义请求头
xhr.setRequestHeader(
"Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
);
xhr.setRequestHeader("name", "xiaohong");
// 发送
xhr.send("a=100&b=200&c=300");
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
if (xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 300) {
dd.innerHTML = xhr.response; //将响应体中的内容添加到文本框dd中
}
}
};
};
</script>
</body>
</html>test.js中的内容：
const express = require("express");
const app = express();
app.get("/server", (request, response) => {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.send("HELLO EXPRESS");
});
app.all("/server", (request, response) => {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "*");
response.send("HELLO EXPRESS");
});
app.listen(8000, () => {
console.log("服务启动,800端口监听中……");
});2.查看浏览器的显示结果：
总结
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