SpringBoot集成FFmpeg实现生成图片预览图与缩略图
作者：god_cvz
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了SpringBoot如何集成FFmpeg实现生成图片预览图与缩略图,文中的示例代码讲解详细,感兴趣的小伙伴可以参考一下
本文介绍了SpringBoot集成FFmpeg生成图片预览图与缩略图功能的实现方案。首先配置Maven依赖，包含JavaCV核心库和FFmpeg等组件。核心类PicturePreviewProcessor实现了从URL获取图片、生成不同尺寸预览图(720×540)、缩略图(200×150)和WebP格式图片的功能。通过Java2DFrameConverter和FFmpegFrameRecorder实现图片格式转换，提供图片缩放计算方法getChangeSize()保持原图比例。建议使用线程池异步处理图片生成任务，并自行实现OSS文件上传逻
一、导入pom依赖
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>local</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>local</profiles.active>
<!--根据环境进行切换-->
<ffmpeg.classifier>windows-x86_64</ffmpeg.classifier>
<!-- <ffmpeg.classifier>linux-x86_64</ffmpeg.classifier>-->
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles> <!-- javacv+javacpp核心库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
<artifactId>javacv</artifactId>
<version>${javacv.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
<artifactId>javacpp-platform</artifactId>
<version>${javacv.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ffmpeg最小依赖包，必须包含上面的javacv+javacpp核心库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
<artifactId>ffmpeg</artifactId>
<version>5.1.2-${javacv.version}</version>
<classifier>${ffmpeg.classifier}</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
<artifactId>javacpp</artifactId>
<version>${javacv.version}</version>
<classifier>${ffmpeg.classifier}</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
<artifactId>openblas</artifactId>
<version>0.3.21-${javacv.version}</version>
<classifier>${ffmpeg.classifier}</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
<artifactId>opencv</artifactId>
<version>4.6.0-${javacv.version}</version>
<classifier>${ffmpeg.classifier}</classifier>
</dependency>二、预览图生成代码
package xxxx;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.UUID;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.FFmpegFrameRecorder;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.Frame;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.Java2DFrameConverter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
/**
* 图片预览图处理器
*
* @author god_cvz
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class PicturePreviewProcessor {
/**
* 异步执行，防止阻碍主流程，建议使用线程池
*
* @param pictureUrl
*/
public void asyncProcess(String pictureUrl) {
new Thread(() -> process(pictureUrl)).start();
}
public void process(String pictureUrl) {
log.info("开始处理照片 pictureUrl: {}", pictureUrl);
try (InputStream inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(pictureUrl)) {
// 安全地重置一个输入流以重新读取图像数据，若流不支持重置，则从网络重新下载图像，确保图像处理流程的可靠性
if (inputStream.markSupported()) {
// 将流指针归位，复用原流，避免重复下载，提升效率与节省带宽
inputStream.reset();
processImage(inputStream);
} else {
try (InputStream newInputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(pictureUrl)) {
processImage(newInputStream);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("处理照片失败: {}", e.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 从指定 URL 下载资源并返回 InputStream
*
* @param urlString 资源的 URL 地址
* @return InputStream （需要调用方手动关闭）
* @throws IOException 下载或连接失败时抛出异常
*/
public InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlString) throws Exception {
if (urlString == null || urlString.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("URL 不能为空");
}
log.info("[DownloadUtils] 开始下载文件：{}", urlString);
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setConnectTimeout(10_000);
connection.setReadTimeout(15_000);
connection.setDoInput(true);
// 检查响应码
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
throw new IOException("下载失败，HTTP 响应码：" + responseCode);
}
log.info("[DownloadUtils] 连接成功[{}]，开始接收数据...", url);
InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("[DownloadUtils] 下载完成，用时 {} ms", (endTime - startTime));
return inputStream;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("[DownloadUtils] 下载文件失败[{}], error:{}", urlString, e.getMessage());
throw new Exception("[DownloadUtils] 下载文件失败: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
private void processImage(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
BufferedImage sourceImage = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
// 生成预览图
generatePreview(sourceImage);
// 生成缩略图
generateThumbnail(sourceImage);
// 生成webp缩略图
generateWebp(sourceImage);
}
private void generatePreview(BufferedImage sourceImage) {
// 预览图宽度
int previewWidth = 720;
// 预览图高度
int previewHeight = 540;
String previewFileName = UUID.randomUUID() + ".jpg";
String objectKey = "/bucket/preview/" + previewFileName;
uploadImage(sourceImage, previewWidth, previewHeight, objectKey, previewFileName);
}
private void generateThumbnail(BufferedImage sourceImage) {
// 缩略图宽度
int thumbnailWidth = 200;
// 缩略图高度
int thumbnailHeight = 150;
String thumbnailFileName = UUID.randomUUID() + ".jpg";
String objectKey = "/bucket/thumbnail/" + thumbnailFileName;
uploadImage(sourceImage, thumbnailWidth, thumbnailHeight, objectKey, thumbnailFileName);
}
private void uploadImage(BufferedImage sourceImage, Integer targetWith, Integer targetHeight, String objectKey, String fileName) {
File outputFile = new File(fileName);
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
try {
int[] changeSize = this.getChangeSize(sourceImage.getWidth(), sourceImage.getHeight(), targetWith, targetHeight);
// 创建目标文件缓冲区
BufferedImage outputImage = this.resizeImage(sourceImage, changeSize[0], changeSize[1]);
// 保存图片到文件
ImageIO.write(outputImage, "jpg", outputFile);
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(outputFile);
// 上传至oss
this.uploadFile(fileInputStream, objectKey);
log.info("生成图片成功: objectKey: {}", objectKey);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("生成图片失败: objectKey: {}, 原因: {}", objectKey, e.getMessage());
} finally {
IoUtil.closeIfPosible(fileInputStream);
FileUtil.del(outputFile);
}
}
/**
* 计算图像 按比例缩放后的宽高
* 选择宽高缩放后较大的一边，固定其长度，另一边按原图比例缩放
*
* @param originalWidth 图像原宽度
* @param originalHeight 图像原长度
* @param targetWidth 目标宽度
* @param targetHeight 目标高度
* @return int[]
*/
public int[] getChangeSize(int originalWidth, int originalHeight, int targetWidth, int targetHeight) {
// 设置缩放比例
double scale = Math.min(targetWidth / (double) originalWidth, targetHeight / (double) originalHeight);
// 计算缩放后的宽高
return new int[]{(int) (originalWidth * scale), (int) (originalHeight * scale)};
}
/**
* 修改图片尺寸
*
* @param originImage 原图文件
* @param targetWidth 目标宽度
* @param targetHeight 目标高度
* @return 制定尺寸图片
*/
public BufferedImage resizeImage(BufferedImage originImage, int targetWidth, int targetHeight) {
BufferedImage resizedImage = new BufferedImage(targetWidth, targetHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D graphics = resizedImage.createGraphics();
graphics.drawImage(originImage, 0, 0, targetWidth, targetHeight, null);
graphics.dispose();
return resizedImage;
}
/**
* todo:自定义上传至OSS文件存储服务器
*
* @param fileInputStream 文件流
* @param objectKey OSS存储key
*/
private void uploadFile(FileInputStream fileInputStream, String objectKey) {
}
private void generateWebp(BufferedImage sourceImage) {
String webpFileName = UUID.randomUUID() + ".webp";
String objectKey = "/bucket/webp/" + webpFileName;
uploadWebp(sourceImage, objectKey, webpFileName);
}
private void uploadWebp(BufferedImage sourceImage, String objectKey, String filename) {
// 将BufferedImage转换为Frame
Java2DFrameConverter converter = new Java2DFrameConverter();
Frame frame = converter.convert(sourceImage);
File outputFile = new File(filename);
FileInputStream inputStream = null;
// 设置输出图像的参数
try (FFmpegFrameRecorder recorder = new FFmpegFrameRecorder(outputFile, frame.imageWidth, frame.imageHeight)) {
recorder.setFormat("webp");
// 记录frame
recorder.start();
recorder.record(frame);
recorder.stop();
inputStream = new FileInputStream(outputFile);
this.uploadFile(inputStream, objectKey);
log.info("生成webp成功: objectKey: {}", objectKey);
} catch (Exception | Error e) {
log.error("生成webp失败: objectKey: {} - 原因: {}", objectKey, e.getMessage());
} finally {
IoUtil.closeIfPosible(inputStream);
IoUtil.closeIfPosible(converter);
FileUtil.del(outputFile);
}
}
}
tips:
1.建议使用线程池进行异步处理
2.代码中可自行修改预览图缩略图宽高
3.文件上传逻辑各自处理
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