基于SpringBoot+Redis+Lua 实现高并发秒杀系统
作者:三水不滴
这篇文章主要介绍了基于SpringBoot+Redis+Lua 实现高并发秒杀系统,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧
基于 SpringBoot+Redis+Lua 构建高并发秒杀系统的设计思路,本文将聚焦核心代码实现,从环境配置、库存预热、Lua 脚本、秒杀接口到异步下单、限流防护,完整呈现可直接落地的代码方案,帮你快速搭建稳定高效的秒杀系统。
一、环境准备与依赖配置
1. 项目依赖(pom.xml)
首先在 SpringBoot 项目中引入核心依赖,包括 Redis、消息队列(以 RabbitMQ 为例)、SpringBoot 核心组件等:
<!-- SpringBoot核心依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 消息队列(RabbitMQ) -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Lua脚本支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 工具类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.8.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
2. 核心配置(application.yml)
配置 Redis、RabbitMQ 连接信息,以及秒杀系统核心参数:
spring:
# Redis配置
redis:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 6379
password: 123456
database: 0
lettuce:
pool:
max-active: 16 # 最大连接数
max-idle: 8 # 最大空闲连接
min-idle: 4 # 最小空闲连接
# RabbitMQ配置
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
virtual-host: /
listener:
simple:
acknowledge-mode: manual # 手动ACK确认
concurrency: 5 # 消费者并发数
# 秒杀系统配置
seckill:
redis:
stock-key-prefix: "seckill:goods:" # 商品库存Key前缀
user-key-prefix: "seckill:goods:users:" # 已秒杀用户Key前缀
rabbitmq:
queue-name: "seckill_order_queue" # 订单消息队列名
exchange-name: "seckill_order_exchange" # 订单交换机名
routing-key: "seckill.order" # 路由键
rate-limit:
qps: 1000 # 全局限流QPS
二、核心工具类与常量定义
1. 秒杀常量类(SeckillConstant)
统一管理 Redis 键前缀、消息队列参数等常量,避免硬编码:
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Getter;
/**
* 秒杀系统常量类
*/
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
public class SeckillConstant {
// Redis键前缀
public static final String STOCK_KEY_PREFIX = "seckill:goods:";
public static final String USER_KEY_PREFIX = "seckill:goods:users:";
public static final String REQUEST_ID_KEY_PREFIX = "seckill:request:";
// 秒杀结果状态码
public static final int SECKILL_SUCCESS = 1; // 秒杀成功
public static final int SECKILL_FAIL_STOCK = 0; // 库存不足
public static final int SECKILL_FAIL_REPEAT = 2; // 重复秒杀
// 消息队列参数
public static final String ORDER_QUEUE_NAME = "seckill_order_queue";
public static final String ORDER_EXCHANGE_NAME = "seckill_order_exchange";
public static final String ORDER_ROUTING_KEY = "seckill.order";
}
2. Redis 工具类(RedisTemplateConfig)
配置 RedisTemplate,支持 String、Hash 等数据结构操作,以及 Lua 脚本执行:
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
public class RedisTemplateConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
// String序列化器
StringRedisSerializer stringSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
// JSON序列化器
GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer jsonSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
// Key使用String序列化
template.setKeySerializer(stringSerializer);
template.setHashKeySerializer(stringSerializer);
// Value使用JSON序列化
template.setValueSerializer(jsonSerializer);
template.setHashValueSerializer(jsonSerializer);
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
}
三、库存预热实现(活动前数据加载)
秒杀活动开始前,将商品库存、活动状态从数据库加载到 Redis,避免活动中频繁访问数据库:
1. 商品实体类(GoodsDTO)
import lombok.Data;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 秒杀商品DTO
*/
@Data
public class GoodsDTO {
private Long goodsId; // 商品ID
private String goodsName; // 商品名称
private BigDecimal seckillPrice; // 秒杀价格
private Integer stock; // 秒杀库存
private Date startTime; // 活动开始时间
private Date endTime; // 活动结束时间
private Integer status; // 活动状态:0-未开始,1-进行中,2-已结束
}
2. 库存预热服务(StockWarmUpService)
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 库存预热服务
*/
@Service
public class StockWarmUpService {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
/**
* 预热单个商品库存到Redis
*/
public void warmUpGoodsStock(GoodsDTO goodsDTO) {
if (goodsDTO == null || goodsDTO.getStock() <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("商品信息或库存无效");
}
// 1. 存储商品库存和状态(Hash结构)
String stockKey = SeckillConstant.STOCK_KEY_PREFIX + goodsDTO.getGoodsId();
Map<String, Object> goodsMap = new HashMap<>();
goodsMap.put("stock", goodsDTO.getStock());
goodsMap.put("status", goodsDTO.getStatus());
goodsMap.put("startTime", goodsDTO.getStartTime().getTime());
goodsMap.put("endTime", goodsDTO.getEndTime().getTime());
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(stockKey, goodsMap);
// 2. 初始化已秒杀用户集合(Set结构,用于去重)
String userKey = SeckillConstant.USER_KEY_PREFIX + goodsDTO.getGoodsId();
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(userKey, new Object[]{}); // 初始化空集合
}
/**
* 批量预热商品库存(适用于多商品秒杀活动)
*/
public void batchWarmUpGoodsStock(java.util.List<GoodsDTO> goodsDTOList) {
for (GoodsDTO goodsDTO : goodsDTOList) {
warmUpGoodsStock(goodsDTO);
}
}
}
3. 定时预热触发(可选)
通过定时任务在活动开始前 10 分钟自动预热库存:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.List;
@Component
public class SeckillScheduledTask {
@Autowired
private StockWarmUpService stockWarmUpService;
@Autowired
private GoodsMapper goodsMapper; // 自定义Mapper,查询待秒杀商品
/**
* 每天00:00预热当天秒杀商品库存(可根据实际活动时间调整)
*/
@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 0 * * ?")
public void scheduledWarmUpStock() {
List<GoodsDTO> seckillGoods = goodsMapper.selectTodaySeckillGoods();
stockWarmUpService.batchWarmUpGoodsStock(seckillGoods);
}
}
四、核心:Lua 脚本实现原子扣减库存
通过 Lua 脚本将 “库存检查、重复秒杀拦截、库存扣减” 封装为原子操作,从根本上解决并发冲突:
1. Lua 脚本文件(seckill_stock.lua)
在resources/lua目录下创建 Lua 脚本:
-- 传入参数:KEYS[1] = 商品ID,ARGV[1] = 用户ID
local goodsId = KEYS[1]
local userId = ARGV[1]
-- 定义Redis键
local stockKey = "seckill:goods:" .. goodsId
local userKey = "seckill:goods:users:" .. goodsId
-- 1. 检查商品活动状态和库存
local goodsStatus = redis.call("HGET", stockKey, "status")
if goodsStatus ~= "1" then
return 3 -- 活动未开始或已结束
end
local stock = redis.call("HGET", stockKey, "stock")
if not stock or tonumber(stock) <= 0 then
return 0 -- 库存不足
end
-- 2. 检查用户是否已秒杀(避免重复下单)
if redis.call("SISMEMBER", userKey, userId) == 1 then
return 2 -- 重复秒杀
end
-- 3. 原子扣减库存并记录用户
redis.call("HINCRBY", stockKey, "stock", -1)
redis.call("SADD", userKey, userId)
return 1 -- 秒杀成功
2. Lua 脚本加载与执行服务(LuaScriptService)
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.scripting.support.StaticScriptSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Lua脚本执行服务
*/
@Service
public class LuaScriptService {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
private DefaultRedisScript<Integer> seckillStockScript;
/**
* 初始化加载Lua脚本
*/
@PostConstruct
public void initLuaScript() {
seckillStockScript = new DefaultRedisScript<>();
// 加载脚本文件
seckillStockScript.setScriptSource(new StaticScriptSource(
new ClassPathResource("lua/seckill_stock.lua").getContentAsString()
));
// 设置返回值类型
seckillStockScript.setResultType(Integer.class);
}
/**
* 执行秒杀库存扣减脚本
*/
public Integer executeSeckillScript(Long goodsId, Long userId) {
List<String> keys = Collections.singletonList(goodsId.toString());
// 执行脚本:keys=商品ID,args=用户ID
return redisTemplate.execute(
seckillStockScript,
keys,
userId.toString()
);
}
}
五、秒杀接口实现(含限流、防重复提交)
1. 限流注解与 AOP 实现(RateLimitAspect)
基于 Redis 实现分布式限流,拦截超 QPS 请求:
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.Collections;
/**
* 限流AOP切面
*/
@Aspect
@Component
public class RateLimitAspect {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Value("${seckill.rate-limit.qps}")
private int qps;
private DefaultRedisScript<Long> rateLimitScript;
@PostConstruct
public void initRateLimitScript() {
// 令牌桶限流Lua脚本
String script = "local key = KEYS[1]\n" +
"local now = tonumber(ARGV[1])\n" +
"local qps = tonumber(ARGV[2])\n" +
"local window = 1\n" + // 窗口时间1秒
"local maxToken = qps\n" +
"local lastTime = redis.call('HGET', key, 'lastTime')\n" +
"local tokenCount = redis.call('HGET', key, 'tokenCount')\n" +
"if not lastTime or not tokenCount then\n" +
" redis.call('HSET', key, 'lastTime', now)\n" +
" redis.call('HSET', key, 'tokenCount', maxToken - 1)\n" +
" redis.call('EXPIRE', key, window)\n" +
" return 1\n" +
"end\n" +
"local interval = now - tonumber(lastTime)\n" +
"local addToken = math.floor(interval / 1000 * qps)\n" +
"tokenCount = math.min(addToken + tonumber(tokenCount), maxToken)\n" +
"if tokenCount <= 0 then\n" +
" return 0\n" +
"end\n" +
"redis.call('HSET', key, 'lastTime', now)\n" +
"redis.call('HSET', key, 'tokenCount', tokenCount - 1)\n" +
"return 1";
rateLimitScript = new DefaultRedisScript<>(script, Long.class);
}
// 定义限流注解切入点
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.seckill.annotation.RateLimit)")
public void rateLimitPointcut() {}
@Around("rateLimitPointcut()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
String key = "seckill:rate:limit:global"; // 全局限流Key(可扩展为IP/用户维度)
Long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
Long result = redisTemplate.execute(
rateLimitScript,
Collections.singletonList(key),
now.toString(),
String.valueOf(qps)
);
if (result == 1) {
return joinPoint.proceed(); // 获得令牌,执行方法
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("请求过于频繁,请稍后再试");
}
}
}
2. 防重复提交注解(RepeatSubmit)
import java.lang.annotation.*;
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface RepeatSubmit {
// 防重复提交过期时间(默认5秒)
int expireSeconds() default 5;
}
3. 秒杀接口(SeckillController)
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.seckill.annotation.RateLimit;
import com.seckill.annotation.RepeatSubmit;
import com.seckill.dto.SeckillRequestDTO;
import com.seckill.dto.SeckillResponseDTO;
import com.seckill.service.LuaScriptService;
import com.seckill.service.OrderMessageService;
import com.seckill.service.StockWarmUpService;
import com.seckill.util.SeckillConstant;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
* 秒杀接口
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/seckill")
public class SeckillController {
@Autowired
private LuaScriptService luaScriptService;
@Autowired
private OrderMessageService orderMessageService;
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
/**
* 秒杀核心接口(含限流、防重复提交)
*/
@PostMapping("/doSeckill")
@RateLimit // 限流注解
@RepeatSubmit(expireSeconds = 5) // 防重复提交(5秒内同一请求ID不可重复提交)
public SeckillResponseDTO doSeckill(@Valid @RequestBody SeckillRequestDTO requestDTO) {
Long goodsId = requestDTO.getGoodsId();
Long userId = requestDTO.getUserId();
String requestId = requestDTO.getRequestId(); // 前端生成的唯一请求ID
// 1. 防重复提交校验(基于Redis缓存请求ID)
String requestKey = SeckillConstant.REQUEST_ID_KEY_PREFIX + requestId;
Boolean hasRequest = redisTemplate.hasKey(requestKey);
if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(hasRequest)) {
return SeckillResponseDTO.fail("请勿重复提交请求");
}
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(requestKey, "1", 5); // 缓存5秒
try {
// 2. 执行Lua脚本扣减库存
Integer seckillResult = luaScriptService.executeSeckillScript(goodsId, userId);
// 3. 处理秒杀结果
if (SeckillConstant.SECKILL_SUCCESS == seckillResult) {
// 秒杀成功,发送订单消息到消息队列
orderMessageService.sendOrderMessage(goodsId, userId);
return SeckillResponseDTO.success("秒杀成功,正在创建订单...");
} else if (SeckillConstant.SECKILL_FAIL_STOCK == seckillResult) {
return SeckillResponseDTO.fail("库存不足,秒杀失败");
} else if (SeckillConstant.SECKILL_FAIL_REPEAT == seckillResult) {
return SeckillResponseDTO.fail("您已参与过该商品秒杀,请勿重复抢购");
} else {
return SeckillResponseDTO.fail("活动未开始或已结束");
}
} finally {
// 4. 移除防重复提交缓存(可选,根据业务需求调整)
redisTemplate.delete(requestKey);
}
}
}
4. 秒杀请求 / 响应 DTO
import lombok.Data;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
/**
* 秒杀请求DTO
*/
@Data
public class SeckillRequestDTO {
@NotNull(message = "商品ID不能为空")
private Long goodsId;
@NotNull(message = "用户ID不能为空")
private Long userId;
@NotNull(message = "请求ID不能为空")
private String requestId; // 前端生成的唯一请求ID,用于防重复提交
}
/**
* 秒杀响应DTO
*/
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class SeckillResponseDTO {
private int code; // 响应码:0-失败,1-成功
private String message; // 响应消息
public static SeckillResponseDTO success(String message) {
return new SeckillResponseDTO(1, message);
}
public static SeckillResponseDTO fail(String message) {
return new SeckillResponseDTO(0, message);
}
}
六、消息队列异步下单实现
1. 订单消息实体(OrderMessage)
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
/**
* 订单消息实体
*/
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class OrderMessage {
private Long orderId; // 订单ID(可在消息发送时生成)
private Long goodsId; // 商品ID
private Long userId; // 用户ID
private BigDecimal seckillPrice; // 秒杀价格
private Long createTime; // 创建时间戳
}
2. 消息队列配置(RabbitMQConfig)
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* RabbitMQ配置
*/
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
/**
* 声明订单队列
*/
@Bean
public Queue orderQueue() {
// 队列持久化
return new Queue(SeckillConstant.ORDER_QUEUE_NAME, true);
}
/**
* 声明订单交换机
*/
@Bean
public DirectExchange orderExchange() {
return new DirectExchange(SeckillConstant.ORDER_EXCHANGE_NAME, true, false);
}
/**
* 绑定队列和交换机
*/
@Bean
public Binding orderBinding() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(orderQueue())
.to(orderExchange())
.with(SeckillConstant.ORDER_ROUTING_KEY);
}
}
3. 订单消息发送服务(OrderMessageService)
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.seckill.dto.OrderMessage;
import com.seckill.util.SeckillConstant;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
/**
* 订单消息发送服务
*/
@Service
public class OrderMessageService {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
/**
* 发送秒杀订单消息
*/
public void sendOrderMessage(Long goodsId, Long userId) {
// 生成订单ID(雪花算法或UUID)
Long orderId = IdUtil.getSnowflake().nextId();
// 构建订单消息
OrderMessage orderMessage = new OrderMessage();
orderMessage.setOrderId(orderId);
orderMessage.setGoodsId(goodsId);
orderMessage.setUserId(userId);
orderMessage.setSeckillPrice(new BigDecimal("99.00")); // 示例秒杀价格
orderMessage.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
// 发送消息到RabbitMQ
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
SeckillConstant.ORDER_EXCHANGE_NAME,
SeckillConstant.ORDER_ROUTING_KEY,
orderMessage
);
}
}
4. 订单消息消费服务(OrderConsumerService)
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.seckill.dto.OrderMessage;
import com.seckill.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.seckill.pojo.Order;
import com.seckill.util.SeckillConstant;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 订单消息消费服务(异步创建订单)
*/
@Service
public class OrderConsumerService {
@Autowired
private OrderMapper orderMapper;
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@RabbitListener(queues = SeckillConstant.ORDER_QUEUE_NAME)
public void consumeOrderMessage(OrderMessage orderMessage, Channel channel, Message message) throws IOException {
try {
// 1. 校验消息合法性
if (orderMessage == null || orderMessage.getGoodsId() == null || orderMessage.getUserId() == null) {
channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, false);
return;
}
// 2. 异步创建订单
Order order = new Order();
order.setOrderId(orderMessage.getOrderId());
order.setGoodsId(orderMessage.getGoodsId());
order.setUserId(orderMessage.getUserId());
order.setSeckillPrice(orderMessage.getSeckillPrice());
order.setCreateTime(orderMessage.getCreateTime());
order.setStatus(0); // 0-待支付
orderMapper.insert(order);
// 3. 手动ACK确认消息
channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
} catch (Exception e) {
// 4. 处理异常:消息重投或记录日志(根据业务需求调整)
channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true);
// 回滚Redis库存(补偿机制)
rollbackStock(orderMessage.getGoodsId());
}
}
/**
* 订单创建失败,回滚Redis库存
*/
private void rollbackStock(Long goodsId) {
String stockKey = SeckillConstant.STOCK_KEY_PREFIX + goodsId;
redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(stockKey, "stock", 1);
}
}
七、防重复提交 AOP 实现(RepeatSubmitAspect)
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.seckill.annotation.RepeatSubmit;
import com.seckill.dto.SeckillRequestDTO;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* 防重复提交AOP切面
*/
@Aspect
@Component
public class RepeatSubmitAspect {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Pointcut("@annotation(repeatSubmit)")
public void repeatSubmitPointcut(RepeatSubmit repeatSubmit) {}
@Around("repeatSubmitPointcut(repeatSubmit)")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, RepeatSubmit repeatSubmit) throws Throwable {
// 获取请求参数中的SeckillRequestDTO
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
SeckillRequestDTO requestDTO = null;
for (Object arg : args) {
if (arg instanceof SeckillRequestDTO) {
requestDTO = (SeckillRequestDTO) arg;
break;
}
}
if (requestDTO == null || Objects.isNull(requestDTO.getRequestId())) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("请求ID不能为空");
}
// 构建请求Key
String requestKey = "seckill:request:" + requestDTO.getRequestId();
Boolean hasKey = redisTemplate.hasKey(requestKey);
if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(hasKey)) {
throw new RuntimeException("请勿重复提交请求");
}
// 缓存请求ID
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(requestKey, "1", repeatSubmit.expireSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
try {
return joinPoint.proceed();
} finally {
// 可根据业务需求决定是否移除缓存
// redisTemplate.delete(requestKey);
}
}
}
八、核心代码总结与部署建议
1. 代码核心亮点
- 原子性保障:通过 Lua 脚本封装库存校验、扣减和用户去重,避免超卖与重复秒杀;
- 流量分层拦截:结合 Redis 令牌桶限流、防重复提交 AOP,从源头减少无效请求;
- 异步解耦:RabbitMQ 异步处理订单创建,提升接口响应速度,降低数据库压力;
- 数据一致性:消息消费失败时回滚 Redis 库存,确保缓存与数据库数据同步;
- 可扩展性:支持库存分片、预售模式等复杂场景扩展,适配不同业务需求。
2. 部署与测试建议
- Redis 部署:采用主从复制 + 哨兵模式,确保高可用;超大规模秒杀建议使用 Redis Cluster 分片存储库存;
- 消息队列:开启 RabbitMQ 持久化与镜像队列,避免消息丢失;根据流量调整消费者并发数;
- 压力测试:使用 JMeter 模拟 10 万 + 并发请求,重点测试库存准确性、接口响应时间和系统稳定性;
- 监控告警:通过 Prometheus+Grafana 监控 Redis 库存、消息队列堆积量、接口 QPS 等核心指标,设置阈值告警。
本文完整呈现了 SpringBoot+Redis+Lua 秒杀系统的核心代码,覆盖从库存预热到异步下单的全流程,代码可直接复制到项目中使用,只需根据实际业务调整参数与扩展功能。
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