基于SpringBoot实现多线程多主机TCP通信

2025-09-19 14:50:16 作者：IT界Tony哥

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了如何基于SpringBoot实现多线程多主机TCP通信,包括发送数据和接收应答并解析,感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起学习一下

下面我将介绍如何使用 Spring Boot 实现多线程、多主机的 TCP 通信，包括发送数据和接收应答并解析。

1. 项目结构

src/main/java/com/example/tcpdemo/
├── config
│ └── TcpClientConfig.java
├── controller
│ └── TcpController.java
├── handler
│ ├── TcpClientHandler.java
│ └── TcpResponseHandler.java
├── model
│ └── TcpHost.java
├── service
│ ├── TcpClientService.java
│ └── impl
│ └── TcpClientServiceImpl.java
└── TcpDemoApplication.java

2. 核心代码实现

2.1 配置类

// TcpClientConfig.java
@Configuration
public class TcpClientConfig {
    
    @Value("${tcp.client.thread-pool-size:10}")
    private int threadPoolSize;
    
    @Bean
    public ExecutorService tcpClientExecutor() {
        return Executors.newFixedThreadPool(threadPoolSize);
    }
}

2.2 TCP主机模型

// TcpHost.java
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class TcpHost {
    private String host;
    private int port;
    private String name; // 主机标识名称
}

2.3 TCP客户端处理器

// TcpClientHandler.java
@Component
public class TcpClientHandler {
    
    @Autowired
    private ExecutorService tcpClientExecutor;
    
    @Autowired
    private TcpResponseHandler responseHandler;
    
    public void sendToMultipleHosts(List<TcpHost> hosts, String message) {
        hosts.forEach(host -> {
            tcpClientExecutor.execute(() -> {
                try (Socket socket = new Socket(host.getHost(), host.getPort());
                     PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
                     BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))) {
                    
                    // 发送数据
                    out.println(message);
                    System.out.println("Sent to " + host.getName() + ": " + message);
                    
                    // 接收响应
                    String response = in.readLine();
                    responseHandler.handleResponse(host, response);
                    
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    System.err.println("Error communicating with " + host.getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
                }
            });
        });
    }
}

2.4 响应处理器

// TcpResponseHandler.java
@Component
public class TcpResponseHandler {
    
    public void handleResponse(TcpHost host, String response) {
        // 这里实现你的响应解析逻辑
        System.out.println("Received from " + host.getName() + ": " + response);
        
        // 示例解析逻辑
        if (response != null) {
            // 假设响应格式为 "status|data"
            String[] parts = response.split("\|");
            if (parts.length == 2) {
                String status = parts[0];
                String data = parts[1];
                System.out.println("Parsed response - Status: " + status + ", Data: " + data);
            }
        }
    }
}

2.5 TCP服务接口

// TcpClientService.java
public interface TcpClientService {
    void sendToHosts(List<TcpHost> hosts, String message);
}

2.6 TCP服务实现

// TcpClientServiceImpl.java
@Service
public class TcpClientServiceImpl implements TcpClientService {
    
    @Autowired
    private TcpClientHandler tcpClientHandler;
    
    @Override
    public void sendToHosts(List<TcpHost> hosts, String message) {
        tcpClientHandler.sendToMultipleHosts(hosts, message);
    }
}

2.7 控制器

// TcpController.java
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/tcp")
public class TcpController {
    
    @Autowired
    private TcpClientService tcpClientService;
    
    @PostMapping("/send")
    public ResponseEntity<String> sendMessage(@RequestBody Map<String, Object> request) {
        List<Map<String, Object>> hostsInfo = (List<Map<String, Object>>) request.get("hosts");
        String message = (String) request.get("message");
        
        List<TcpHost> hosts = hostsInfo.stream()
            .map(info -> new TcpHost(
                (String) info.get("host"),
                (Integer) info.get("port"),
                (String) info.get("name")))
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
        
        tcpClientService.sendToHosts(hosts, message);
        
        return ResponseEntity.ok("Messages sent successfully");
    }
}

3. 应用配置

在 application.properties或 application.yml中添加配置：

# TCP客户端线程池大小
tcp.client.thread-pool-size=20

# 服务器端口
server.port=8080

4. 使用示例

4.1 启动Spring Boot应用

// TcpDemoApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication
public class TcpDemoApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(TcpDemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

4.2 发送请求

使用Postman或curl发送POST请求：

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/api/tcp/send \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{
    "hosts": [
        {"host": "127.0.0.1", "port": 12345, "name": "Server1"},
        {"host": "127.0.0.1", "port": 12346, "name": "Server2"}
    ],
    "message": "Hello TCP Server"
}'

5. 高级功能扩展

5.1 连接池管理

// 可以扩展为使用连接池管理TCP连接
@Component
public class TcpConnectionPool {
    private Map<String, Socket> connectionPool = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    
    public Socket getConnection(TcpHost host) throws IOException {
        String key = host.getHost() + ":" + host.getPort();
        if (!connectionPool.containsKey(key) || connectionPool.get(key).isClosed()) {
            connectionPool.put(key, new Socket(host.getHost(), host.getPort()));
        }
        return connectionPool.get(key);
    }
    
    public void closeAll() {
        connectionPool.values().forEach(socket -> {
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
        connectionPool.clear();
    }
}

5.2 超时设置

// 在TcpClientHandler中添加超时设置
public void sendToMultipleHosts(List<TcpHost> hosts, String message) {
    hosts.forEach(host -> {
        tcpClientExecutor.execute(() -> {
            try {
                Socket socket = new Socket();
                socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host.getHost(), host.getPort()), 5000); // 5秒连接超时
                socket.setSoTimeout(10000); // 10秒读取超时
                
                try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
                     BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))) {
                    
                    out.println(message);
                    System.out.println("Sent to " + host.getName() + ": " + message);
                    
                    String response = in.readLine();
                    responseHandler.handleResponse(host, response);
                }
            } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
                System.err.println("Timeout when communicating with " + host.getName());
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.err.println("Error communicating with " + host.getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
            }
        });
    });
}

5.3 自定义协议解析

// 扩展TcpResponseHandler实现更复杂的协议解析
public void handleResponse(TcpHost host, String response) {
    try {
        // 示例：解析JSON格式响应
        JSONObject jsonResponse = new JSONObject(response);
        String status = jsonResponse.getString("status");
        String data = jsonResponse.getString("data");
        long timestamp = jsonResponse.getLong("timestamp");
        
        System.out.printf("Response from %s - Status: %s, Data: %s, Time: %tF %<tT%n",
            host.getName(), status, data, new Date(timestamp));
        
    } catch (JSONException e) {
        System.err.println("Invalid response format from " + host.getName());
    }
}

6. 注意事项

线程安全：确保在多线程环境下共享资源的线程安全
资源释放：正确关闭Socket、流等资源
异常处理：合理处理各种网络异常
性能优化：根据实际需求调整线程池大小
日志记录：添加详细的日志记录以便排查问题

这个实现提供了基本的TCP多线程通信框架，你可以根据实际需求进行扩展和优化。

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