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SpringBoot集成FTP上传文件功能实现

作者:齐 飞

文章介绍了FTP和SFTP的区别,强调SFTP基于SSH加密更安全,且使用单一端口,同时说明Spring Boot集成FTP上传需配置依赖、文件类、对象池及懒加载机制,以实现高效文件传输与资源管理,本文重点给大家介绍SpringBoot集成FTP上传文件功能实现,感兴趣的朋友一起看看吧

FTP是什么?

文件传输协议(英语:File Transfer Protocol,缩写:FTP)是一个用于在计算机网络上在客户端和服务器之间进行文件传输的应用层协议。

SFTP 和 FTP 的区别

SFTP 和 FTP 是两种不同的文件传输协议,它们在安全性、连接方式和功能上有显著差异。

FTP(File Transfer Protocol)

SFTP(SSH File Transfer Protocol)

SpringBoot集成FTP上传文件

pom依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
            <version>3.6</version>
        </dependency>

配置文件

ftp:
  host: host.test
  port: 21
  username: ftptest01
  password: xxxxxx
  path: /var/ftp/test/
  outlink: https://host.test
  filePath: /test/
  encoding: utf-8
  maxActive: 100
  minIdel: 2
  maxIdel: 5
  maxWaitMillis: 3000
  passivemode: true

配置类

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * @author qf
 * @version 1.0
 * @data 2025/7/20 18:28
 */
@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ftp")
public class FTPConfig {
    private String host;
    private Integer port;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String encoding;
    private Integer maxActive;
    private Integer minIdel;
    private Integer maxIdel;
    private Integer maxWaitMillis;
    private Boolean passivemode;
    private String outlink;
    private String filePath;
    private String path;
}

对象池的创建与管理

import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPReply;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.PooledObject;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.PooledObjectFactory;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.DefaultPooledObject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * @author qf
 * @version 1.0
 * @data 2025/7/20 18:34
 */
@Log4j2
@Component
public class FtpClientFactory implements PooledObjectFactory<FTPClient> {
    @Autowired
    private FTPConfig ftpConfig;
    /**
     * 创建连接放入池中
     *
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public PooledObject<FTPClient> makeObject() throws Exception {
        FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
        //ftpClient.setControlEncoding(ftpConfig.getEncoding());
        ftpClient.setConnectTimeout(ftpConfig.getMaxWaitMillis());
        try {
            ftpClient.connect(ftpConfig.getHost(), ftpConfig.getPort());
            int replyCode = ftpClient.getReplyCode();
            if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(replyCode)) {
                ftpClient.disconnect();
                log.warn("FTP服务拒绝链接");
                return null;
            }
            boolean login = ftpClient.login(ftpConfig.getUsername(), ftpConfig.getPassword());
            if (!login) {
                log.warn("ftpClient登入失败,username:{" + ftpConfig.getUsername() + "},password:{" + ftpConfig.getPassword() + "}");
                throw new RuntimeException("ftpClient登入失败,username:{" + ftpConfig.getUsername() + "},password:{" + ftpConfig.getPassword() + "}");
            }
            ftpClient.setFileType(FTPClient.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
            ftpClient.setBufferSize(1024);
            if (ftpConfig.getPassivemode()) {
                ftpClient.enterLocalPassiveMode();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        log.info("添加一个FtpClient进入连接池");
        return new DefaultPooledObject<>(ftpClient);
    }
    @Override
    public void destroyObject(PooledObject<FTPClient> pooledObject) throws Exception {
        FTPClient ftpClient = pooledObject.getObject();
        try {
            if (ftpClient != null && ftpClient.isConnected()) {
                ftpClient.logout();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("没有获取到FtpClient或已断开连接:", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                ftpClient.disconnect();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * 连接状态检查
     *
     * @param pooledObject
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean validateObject(PooledObject<FTPClient> pooledObject) {
        FTPClient ftpClient = pooledObject.getObject();
        try {
            return ftpClient.sendNoOp();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.info("无法验证FtpClient {}", e.getMessage());
            return false;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void activateObject(PooledObject<FTPClient> pooledObject) throws Exception {
    }
    @Override
    public void passivateObject(PooledObject<FTPClient> pooledObject) throws Exception {
    }
    public FTPConfig getConfig() {
        return this.ftpConfig;
    }
}

PooledObjectFactory 是 Apache Commons Pool 2 库中的一个核心接口,它定义了用于创建和管理池化对象(即那些可以被多个客户端重复使用的对象)生命周期的方法。通过实现这个接口,可以定制化对象的创建、激活、验证和销毁等过程,从而更好地控制对象池的行为。
其中:

当对象归还到池后调用,用于将对象置于“钝化”状态,通常涉及清理工作以准备下次使用。

FTP连接池初始化

import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * @author qf
 * @version 1.0
 * @data 2025/7/20 18:47
 */
@Lazy
@Log4j2
@Component
public class FtpClientPool {
    private FtpClientFactory factory;
    private final GenericObjectPool<FTPClient> internalPool;
    /**
     * 初始化连接池
     */
    public FtpClientPool(@Autowired FtpClientFactory factory) {
        log.info("**********************初始化Ftp连接池*********************");
        this.factory = factory;
        FTPConfig config = factory.getConfig();
        GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig = new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
        poolConfig.setMaxTotal(config.getMaxActive());
        poolConfig.setMinIdle(config.getMinIdel());
        poolConfig.setMaxIdle(config.getMaxIdel());
        poolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(config.getMaxWaitMillis());
        this.internalPool = new GenericObjectPool<FTPClient>(factory, poolConfig);
        this.internalPool.setTestOnBorrow(true);
        log.info("连接池配置:{}", config.toString());
        log.info("*********************初始化Ftp连接池完毕*******************");
    }
    /**
     * 获取FTPClient
     * @return
     */
    public FTPClient getFTPClient(){
        try {
            log.info("从连接池中获取FtpClient");
            return internalPool.borrowObject();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("从连接池获取FTPClient失败!");
            return null;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 归还连接
     * @param ftpClient
     */
    public void returnFTPClient(FTPClient ftpClient) {
        try {
            ftpClient.getStatus();
            log.info("归还FtpClient:" + ftpClient);
            internalPool.returnObject(ftpClient);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.info("移除过期ftpClient {}", e.getMessage());
            try {
                internalPool.invalidateObject(ftpClient);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                log.info("移除过期ftpClient失败 {}", e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * 销毁连接池
     */
    public void destory() {
        log.info("*********************close FtpPool**********************");
        internalPool.close();
    }
}

FTP工具类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
 * @author qf
 * @version 1.0
 * @data 2025/7/20 18:47
 */
@Lazy
@Slf4j
@Component
public class FTPClientUtil {
    @Autowired
    private FtpClientPool pool;
    /**
     * 上传文件
     *
     * @param file
     * @param path
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public Boolean upload(MultipartFile file, String path) throws IOException {
        FTPClient ftpClient = pool.getFTPClient();
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        Boolean result = false;
        try {
            inputStream = file.getInputStream();
            createDir(ftpClient, path);
            result = ftpClient.storeFile(path, inputStream);
            log.info("文件{},服务器路径{},上传结果result:{}", file.getOriginalFilename(), path, result);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            inputStream.close();
            pool.returnFTPClient(ftpClient);
        }
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * 创建文件夹
     *
     * @param ftpClient
     * @param path
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private Boolean createDir(FTPClient ftpClient, String path) throws IOException {
        Boolean flag = false;
        String substring = path.substring(path.indexOf("/") + 1, path.lastIndexOf("/"));
        ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory("/");
        //boolean b = ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(substring);
        String[] split = substring.split("/");
        for (String s : split) {
            flag = ftpClient.makeDirectory(s);
            boolean changeFlag=ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(s);
            log.info("目录:{},创建目录结果:{},切换目录结果:{}",s,flag,changeFlag);
        }
        ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory("/");
        return flag;
    }
}

这里因为项目部署在多个服务器中,而有一些环境不使用ftp,因此使用懒加载的方式。
示例:

     @Lazy
     @Autowired
     private FTPClientUtil ftpClientUtil;

Controller

import com.qf.util.ftp.FTPClientUtil;
import com.qf.util.ftp.FTPConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
 * @author qf
 * @version 1.0
 * @data 2025/7/20 19:36
 */
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("api")
public class TestController {
    @Autowired
    private FTPConfig ftpConfig;
    @Autowired
    private FTPClientUtil ftpClientUtil;
    @PostMapping(value = "/uploadExcelFile",headers = "content-type=multipart/form-data")
    public Boolean uploadImgFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        String path = ftpConfig.getPath();
        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
        String fileSuffix = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
        String fileId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        String newFileName = fileId + fileSuffix;
        String filePath = path + newFileName;
        Boolean flag = ftpClientUtil.upload(file, filePath);
        return flag;
    }
}

到此这篇关于SpringBoot集成FTP上传文件功能实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关springboot ftp上传文件内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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