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SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ之路由模式的实现

2025-06-12 09:55:32 作者：新绿MEHO

本文主要介绍了SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ之路由模式的实现,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧

路由模式

引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

添加配置

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: amqp://study:study@47.98.109.138:5672/aaa

常量类

public class Constants {
    //路由模式
    public static final String DIRECT_QUEUE1 = "direct.queue1";
    public static final String DIRECT_QUEUE2 = "direct.queue2";
    public static final String DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "direct.exchange";
}

声明队列和交换机并绑定二者关系

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    //路由模式
    @Bean("directQueue1")
    public Queue directQueue1(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.DIRECT_QUEUE1).build();
    }
    @Bean("directQueue2")
    public Queue directQueue2(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.DIRECT_QUEUE2).build();
    }
    @Bean("directExchange")
    public DirectExchange directExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(Constants.DIRECT_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }
    @Bean("directQueueBinding1")
    public Binding directQueueBinding1(@Qualifier("directExchange") DirectExchange directExchange, @Qualifier("directQueue1") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with("orange");
    }

    @Bean("directQueueBinding2")
    public Binding directQueueBinding2(@Qualifier("directExchange") DirectExchange directExchange, @Qualifier("directQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with("black");
    }

    @Bean("directQueueBinding3")
    public Binding directQueueBinding3(@Qualifier("directExchange") DirectExchange directExchange, @Qualifier("directQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with("orange");
    }
}

编写生产者代码

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@RequestMapping("/producer")
@RestController
public class ProducerController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/direct/{routingKey}")
    public String direct(@PathVariable("routingKey") String routingKey){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Constants.DIRECT_EXCHANGE, routingKey, "hello spring amqp:direct, my routing key is "+routingKey);
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

编写消费者代码（含两个队列）

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Component
public class DirectListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.DIRECT_QUEUE1)
    public void queueListener1(String message){
        System.out.println("队列["+Constants.DIRECT_QUEUE1+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.DIRECT_QUEUE2)
    public void queueListener2(String message){
        System.out.println("队列["+Constants.DIRECT_QUEUE2+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }
}