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SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实现通配符模式

2025-06-12 09:26:02 作者：新绿MEHO

本文主要介绍了SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实现通配符模式,包括依赖添加、配置、队列与交换机声明及绑定,生产者发送消息,两个消费者分别接收并处理,验证消息正确分发至不同队列,感兴趣的可以了解一下

通配符模式

引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

添加配置

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: amqp://study:study@47.98.109.138:5672/aaa

常量类

public class Constants {

    //通配符模式
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE1 = "topic.queue1";
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE2 = "topic.queue2";
    public static final String TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "topic.exchange";
}

声明队列和交换机并绑定二者关系

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    //通配符模式
    @Bean("topicQueue1")
    public Queue topicQueue1(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE1).build();
    }
    @Bean("topicQueue2")
    public Queue topicQueue2(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE2).build();
    }
    @Bean("topicExchange")
    public TopicExchange topicExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(Constants.TOPIC_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }

    @Bean("topicQueueBinding1")
    public Binding topicQueueBinding1(@Qualifier("topicExchange") TopicExchange topicExchange, @Qualifier("topicQueue1") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("*.orange.*");
    }
    @Bean("topicQueueBinding2")
    public Binding topicQueueBinding2(@Qualifier("topicExchange") TopicExchange topicExchange, @Qualifier("topicQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("*.*.rabbit");
    }
    @Bean("topicQueueBinding3")
    public Binding topicQueueBinding3(@Qualifier("topicExchange") TopicExchange topicExchange, @Qualifier("topicQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("lazy.#");
    }
}

编写生产者代码

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@RequestMapping("/producer")
@RestController
public class ProducerController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/topic/{routingKey}")
    public String topic(@PathVariable("routingKey") String routingKey){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Constants.TOPIC_EXCHANGE, routingKey, "hello spring amqp:topic, my routing key is "+routingKey);
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

编写消费者代码（含两个队列）

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Component
public class TopicListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE1)
    public void queueListener1(String message){
        System.out.println("队列["+Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE1+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE2)
    public void queueListener2(String message){
        System.out.println("队列["+Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE2+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }
}